Intertestamental and New Testament History: Alexander the Great, Hellenization, Antiochus IV, Maccabees, Hasmonean, Herod the Great, Roman Rule, Pompey, Pax Romana, Diaspora, Temple, Judaism, Sadducees, Pharisees, Messiah Expectation, Apostolicity, Canon,

Intertestamental and New Testament History: Alexander the Great, Hellenization, Antiochus IV, Maccabees, Hasmonean, Herod the Great, Roman Rule, Pompey, Pax Romana, Diaspora, Temple, Judaism, Sadducees, Pharisees, Messiah Expectation, Apostolicity, Canon, Gnosticism, Early Christianity, Apostolic Writings, Qumran Scrolls, Latin and Greek Languages, Crucifixion, Mystery Religions, Roman Society Exam Questions Verified and Provided with A+ Graded Rationales Latest Updated 2026 During the intertestamental period, what conqueror seized control of the Middle East from the Persians? Alexander the Great By the time of the New Testament, the lingua franca was Greek Language Jews who assimilated themselves to Greek culture are called Hellenizers What is the name of the ruler who tried to force Greek culture, including idolatry, on the Jews? Antiochus Epiphanes Resistance against the attempt to force Greek culture on the Jews was led by a family known as the Maccabees What Roman general seized control of Palestine from the family who had led a revolt against the forcing of Greek culture on Palestinian Jews? Pompey The spread of Christianity was facilitated by the Pax Romana Jesus was born under the emperorship of Augustus Jesus ministered in public and died during the emperorship of Tiberius During what year were Jerusalem and the temple destroyed in the Romans' crushing of a major Jewish revolt? A.D. 70 The Edict of _____ allowed the Jewish exiles to return to their homeland about 539/538 B.C: Cyrus This empire conquered the country of Judah in 597 and 587 B.C. and took Judah's leading citizens captive: Babylonian Hellenization refers to: The process of reshaping Oriental culture in light of Greek culture, language, etc A technical term for the Roman governors of Judea in the first century was: Procurator The term Maccabee, which means "Hammerer," denotes: One of the sons of Mattathias This member of the Herodian dynasty begins to rule in 37 B.C. and was still in power when Jesus was born. He had a great concern for the welfare of his people and initiated many major building projects, such as aqueducts and public buildings. Always suspicious of any potential rival to his rule, he even had his favorite wife and their two sons killed to protect his throne. Herod the Great The Jewish revolt of 167 B.C., led initially by the aged priest Mattathias, was sparked by an incident at this town: Modin/Modein ___________ was the most important son of Mattathias. He assumed the leadership of the second century B.C. Jewish revolt upon his father's death and led in the re-dedication of the Temple three years after it had been polluted. Judah/Judas The Jews underwent one of their greatest times of persecution under the reign of: Antiochus IV (Epiphanes) When Jewish revolutionaries staged an ill-advised revolt against Rome in A.D. 66, the Jewish rebels made their "last stand" at _________________. Masada The Jewish Feast of Hanukkah celebrates: The rededication of the temple in 164 B.C. This ruler is the most prominent son of Herod the Great in the New Testament. He ruled Galilee during the time of Jesus' ministry. He gave the order for John the Baptist to be executed because John had "called him out" for having committed adultery with his half-brother's wife. Who is he? Antipas The term "Diaspora" refers to: The scattering of Jews across the ancient world after the exile The Seleucid ruler who sacrificed a pig on the altar of the Jerusalem temple in 167 B.C. was: Antiochus IV (Epiphanes) In discussing the history of the inter-testamental period, the term "Hasmonean" is often used as a synonym for the term "__________________." Maccabean The Jews despised Herod the Great in part because he was a(n) _____________. Idumean The years from 332-198 B.C. denote the Period of Jewish or Palestinian History: Greek The Roman general who captured Jerusalem in 63 B.C. and took Palestine for Rome was _____________. Pompey In the first century, fewer Jews live