MCCANCE & HUETHER’S PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
FINAL STUDY GUIDE 2026 TESTED ITEMS
SOLVED
◉ peripheral nervous system (PNS) Answer: composed of cranial
nerves and spinal nerves
also can be divided into somatic and autonomic nervous systems
◉ cranial nerves. Answer: project from the brain and pass through
foramina in the skull
◉ spinal nerves Answer: project from the spinal cord and pass
through intervertebral foramina of the vertebrae
◉ afferent Answer: pathways that carry sensory impulses toward
the CNS
◉ efferent Answer: descending pathways carrying sensory impulses
from the CNS to effector organs
◉ somatic nervous system Answer: consist of motor and sensory
pathways regulating voluntary motor control of skeletal muscle
, ◉ autonomic nervous system Answer: consists of motor and sensory
components and is involved with regulation of the body's internal
environment through involuntary control of organ systems
-can be further divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic
◉ microtubules Answer: made of protein and believed to be
involved in transport of cellular products
◉ neuroglial cells Answer: found in the CNS and PNS and can
provide structural support and nutrition for neurons, remove debris,
increase speed of nerve impulses, and play a role in memory
◉ Nissl substances Answer: consist of ER and ribosomes and are
involved in protein synthesis
◉ nuclei Answer: dense, packed cell bodies in the CNS
◉ ganglia Answer: groups of cells bodies in the PNS
◉ dendrites Answer: extensions that carry nerve impulses toward
the cell body
◉ dendritic zone Answer: the receptive portion of a neuron that
receives a stimulus and continues further conduction
FINAL STUDY GUIDE 2026 TESTED ITEMS
SOLVED
◉ peripheral nervous system (PNS) Answer: composed of cranial
nerves and spinal nerves
also can be divided into somatic and autonomic nervous systems
◉ cranial nerves. Answer: project from the brain and pass through
foramina in the skull
◉ spinal nerves Answer: project from the spinal cord and pass
through intervertebral foramina of the vertebrae
◉ afferent Answer: pathways that carry sensory impulses toward
the CNS
◉ efferent Answer: descending pathways carrying sensory impulses
from the CNS to effector organs
◉ somatic nervous system Answer: consist of motor and sensory
pathways regulating voluntary motor control of skeletal muscle
, ◉ autonomic nervous system Answer: consists of motor and sensory
components and is involved with regulation of the body's internal
environment through involuntary control of organ systems
-can be further divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic
◉ microtubules Answer: made of protein and believed to be
involved in transport of cellular products
◉ neuroglial cells Answer: found in the CNS and PNS and can
provide structural support and nutrition for neurons, remove debris,
increase speed of nerve impulses, and play a role in memory
◉ Nissl substances Answer: consist of ER and ribosomes and are
involved in protein synthesis
◉ nuclei Answer: dense, packed cell bodies in the CNS
◉ ganglia Answer: groups of cells bodies in the PNS
◉ dendrites Answer: extensions that carry nerve impulses toward
the cell body
◉ dendritic zone Answer: the receptive portion of a neuron that
receives a stimulus and continues further conduction
