NR 412 Exam 2 Questions With Correct
Answers
Define |acid-base |balance |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Normal |Function |of |body |cells |depend |on |
regulation |of |acid-base |balance
Delicate |balance |(homeostasis) |between |acids |and |bases
The |Regulation |of |___ |is |the |key |component |of |acid-base |balance |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-H+
-The |pH |of |a |fluid |reflects |the |Hydrogen |ion |concentration |of |that |fluid
normal |pH |of |arterial |blood |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-7.35 |- |7.45
There |is |a(n) |______ |relationship |between |pH |and |H+ |ion |concentration |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-inverse
-The |higher |the |H+ |ion |concentration, |the |lower |the |pH, |and |visa |versa
acidosis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-pH |below |7.35
Excess |acids
Base |(bicarbonate) |deficit
alkalosis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-pH |above |7.45
,Excess |bases |(bicarbonate)
Acid |deficit
incompatible |pH |w |life |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-<6.8 |and |> |7.8
Three |physiological |mechanisms |regulate |balance |by |maintaining |pH: |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
1. |Chemical |buffers
2. |Respiratory |System
-CO2
3. |Kidneys
-HCO3
chemical |buffer |systems |- |what |do |they |do |& |3 |principle |buffers |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Do |
not |eliminate |acids |or |bases |from |the |body |- |they |minimize |pH |changes
React |to |minimize |pH |changes |
Capacity |of |the |buffer |is |limited
Hemostasis |relies |on |the |lungs |and |kidneys |for |true |acid |base |compensation
Three |Principle |Buffers:
1. |Bicarbonate |Buffer |System
2. |Transcellular |Hydrogen-Potassium |Exchange |System
3. |Protein |Buffer |System
Chemical |Buffer |System:
,Transcellular |Hydrogen/Potassium |Exchange |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--Both |H+ |and |K+ |are |
positively |charged
-Both |H+ |and |K+ |move |freely |between |the |ICF |and |ECF |compartments
-When |excess |H+ |is |present |in |the |intravascular |space, |it |moves |into |the |ICF |in |exchange |for |
K+
-When |excess |K+ |is |present |in |the |intravascular |space, |it |moves |into |the |ICF |in |exchange |for |
H+
respiratory |system |as |buffer |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Lungs |are |the |major |organs |of |acid |
elimination
Lungs |excrete |carbonic |acid |in |it's |gaseous |form |(CO2)
As |CO2 |rises, |acids |____and |pH |____. |
As |CO2 |falls, |acids |___ |and |pH |____. |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-As |CO2 |rises, |acids |rise |and |pH |
falls
As |CO2 |falls, |acids |fall |and |pH |rises
How |do |the |lungs |help |to |regulate |CO2 |levels? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Person |has |
accumulation |of |CO2 |-->
To |regulate |the |acid-base |balance, |the |body |will |increase |ventilation |-->
With |increased |ventilation, |CO2 |will |be |eliminated |-->
When |CO2 |(acid) |is |eliminated, |pH |will |rise
, Kidneys |function |in |balance |regulation |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Bicarbonate |Reabsorption
Bicarbonate |Formation
(Kidneys |and |Pancreas)
Hydrogen |Ion |Excretion
Arterial |Blood |Gas |(ABG's) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-used |to |measure |acid |base |balance
ABG's |show:
Amount |of |oxygen
Amount |of |CO2
Percent |of |Hydrogen |ions |(pH)
ABG |Normal |Value |for |pCO2 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-35-45
Provides |information |about |resp. |component.
ABG |Normal |Value |for |HCO3 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-22-26
Provides |information |about |the |metabolic |component |(Normal |indicates |it |is |not |a |metabolic |
component)
ABG |Normal |Value |for |pO2 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-80-100
Answers
Define |acid-base |balance |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Normal |Function |of |body |cells |depend |on |
regulation |of |acid-base |balance
Delicate |balance |(homeostasis) |between |acids |and |bases
The |Regulation |of |___ |is |the |key |component |of |acid-base |balance |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-H+
-The |pH |of |a |fluid |reflects |the |Hydrogen |ion |concentration |of |that |fluid
normal |pH |of |arterial |blood |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-7.35 |- |7.45
There |is |a(n) |______ |relationship |between |pH |and |H+ |ion |concentration |- |CORRECT |
ANSWER✔✔-inverse
-The |higher |the |H+ |ion |concentration, |the |lower |the |pH, |and |visa |versa
acidosis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-pH |below |7.35
Excess |acids
Base |(bicarbonate) |deficit
alkalosis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-pH |above |7.45
,Excess |bases |(bicarbonate)
Acid |deficit
incompatible |pH |w |life |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-<6.8 |and |> |7.8
Three |physiological |mechanisms |regulate |balance |by |maintaining |pH: |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-
1. |Chemical |buffers
2. |Respiratory |System
-CO2
3. |Kidneys
-HCO3
chemical |buffer |systems |- |what |do |they |do |& |3 |principle |buffers |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Do |
not |eliminate |acids |or |bases |from |the |body |- |they |minimize |pH |changes
React |to |minimize |pH |changes |
Capacity |of |the |buffer |is |limited
Hemostasis |relies |on |the |lungs |and |kidneys |for |true |acid |base |compensation
Three |Principle |Buffers:
1. |Bicarbonate |Buffer |System
2. |Transcellular |Hydrogen-Potassium |Exchange |System
3. |Protein |Buffer |System
Chemical |Buffer |System:
,Transcellular |Hydrogen/Potassium |Exchange |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔--Both |H+ |and |K+ |are |
positively |charged
-Both |H+ |and |K+ |move |freely |between |the |ICF |and |ECF |compartments
-When |excess |H+ |is |present |in |the |intravascular |space, |it |moves |into |the |ICF |in |exchange |for |
K+
-When |excess |K+ |is |present |in |the |intravascular |space, |it |moves |into |the |ICF |in |exchange |for |
H+
respiratory |system |as |buffer |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Lungs |are |the |major |organs |of |acid |
elimination
Lungs |excrete |carbonic |acid |in |it's |gaseous |form |(CO2)
As |CO2 |rises, |acids |____and |pH |____. |
As |CO2 |falls, |acids |___ |and |pH |____. |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-As |CO2 |rises, |acids |rise |and |pH |
falls
As |CO2 |falls, |acids |fall |and |pH |rises
How |do |the |lungs |help |to |regulate |CO2 |levels? |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Person |has |
accumulation |of |CO2 |-->
To |regulate |the |acid-base |balance, |the |body |will |increase |ventilation |-->
With |increased |ventilation, |CO2 |will |be |eliminated |-->
When |CO2 |(acid) |is |eliminated, |pH |will |rise
, Kidneys |function |in |balance |regulation |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Bicarbonate |Reabsorption
Bicarbonate |Formation
(Kidneys |and |Pancreas)
Hydrogen |Ion |Excretion
Arterial |Blood |Gas |(ABG's) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-used |to |measure |acid |base |balance
ABG's |show:
Amount |of |oxygen
Amount |of |CO2
Percent |of |Hydrogen |ions |(pH)
ABG |Normal |Value |for |pCO2 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-35-45
Provides |information |about |resp. |component.
ABG |Normal |Value |for |HCO3 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-22-26
Provides |information |about |the |metabolic |component |(Normal |indicates |it |is |not |a |metabolic |
component)
ABG |Normal |Value |for |pO2 |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-80-100
