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HEMODYNAMIC MONITORING ASSESSMENT STUDY GUIDE NOTES
HEMODYNAMICS
Hemodynamics are the forces which circulate blood through the body.
Specifically, hemodynamics is the term used to describe the intravascular
pressure and flow that occurs when the heart muscle contracts and pumps
blood throughout the body. Hemo -Blood Dynamics - Movement Hemo
Dynamics - Movement of blood flow
DEFINITION
Hemodynamic monitoring refers to measurement of pressure, flow and
oxygenation of blood within the cardiovascular system.
OR
Using invasive technology to provide quantitative information about vascular
capacity, blood volume, pump effectiveness and tissue perfusion.
OR
Hemodynamic monitoring is the measurement and interpretation of biological
systems that describes the performance of cardiovascular system
METHODS OF HAEMODYNAMIC MONITORING
▪ Noninvasive hemodynamic assessment
▪ Arterial Blood Pressure
▪ Central Venous Pressure
▪ The Pulmonary Artery Catheter
▪ Cardiac Output Measurement
NON INVASIVE HAEMODYNAMIC ASSESSMENT
❖ Take vital signs
❖ Precordium Inspect anterior chest for heaves and an increase in
visible pulsations
❖ Palpate the PMI
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, 2
❖ Ausultate the aortic, pulmonic, second pulmonic, mitral and tricuspid
areas of the precordium
❖ Peripheral vascular
❖ Inspect and palpate the skin for colour, texture, moisture and turgor
❖ Palpate the peripheral pulses and check nail bed capillary refill
❖ Inspect the neck for jugular venous distension
❖ Auscultate and palpate the carotid arteries
PURPOSES
• Early detection, identification and treatment of life threatening conditions
such as heart failure and cardiac tamponade.
• Evaluate the patient’s immediate response to treatment such as drugs and
mechanical support.
• Evaluate the effectiveness of cardiovascular function such as cardiac output
and index.
INDICATIONS
• Any deficits or loss of cardiac function: such as myocardial infarction,
congestive heart failure, and cardiomyopathy.
• All types of shock; cardiogenic shock, neurogenic shock or anaphylactic
shock.
• Decreased urine output from dehydration, hemorrhage. G.I bleed, burns or
surgery.
SPECIALISED EQUIPMENTS NEEDED FOR INVASIVE MONITORING
• A CVP , pulmonary artery ,arterial catheter
• A flush system composed of intravenous solution, tubing stop cocks and a
flush device which provides for continuous and manual flushing of system.
• A pressure bag placed around the flush solution that is maintained at 300
mmhg pressure; the pressurized flush system delivers 3-5ml of solution per
hour through the catheter to prevent clotting and backflow of blood into
the pressure monitoring system.
• A transducer to convert the pressure coming from artery or heart chamber
into an electrical signal
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HEMODYNAMIC MONITORING ASSESSMENT STUDY GUIDE NOTES
HEMODYNAMICS
Hemodynamics are the forces which circulate blood through the body.
Specifically, hemodynamics is the term used to describe the intravascular
pressure and flow that occurs when the heart muscle contracts and pumps
blood throughout the body. Hemo -Blood Dynamics - Movement Hemo
Dynamics - Movement of blood flow
DEFINITION
Hemodynamic monitoring refers to measurement of pressure, flow and
oxygenation of blood within the cardiovascular system.
OR
Using invasive technology to provide quantitative information about vascular
capacity, blood volume, pump effectiveness and tissue perfusion.
OR
Hemodynamic monitoring is the measurement and interpretation of biological
systems that describes the performance of cardiovascular system
METHODS OF HAEMODYNAMIC MONITORING
▪ Noninvasive hemodynamic assessment
▪ Arterial Blood Pressure
▪ Central Venous Pressure
▪ The Pulmonary Artery Catheter
▪ Cardiac Output Measurement
NON INVASIVE HAEMODYNAMIC ASSESSMENT
❖ Take vital signs
❖ Precordium Inspect anterior chest for heaves and an increase in
visible pulsations
❖ Palpate the PMI
1
, 2
❖ Ausultate the aortic, pulmonic, second pulmonic, mitral and tricuspid
areas of the precordium
❖ Peripheral vascular
❖ Inspect and palpate the skin for colour, texture, moisture and turgor
❖ Palpate the peripheral pulses and check nail bed capillary refill
❖ Inspect the neck for jugular venous distension
❖ Auscultate and palpate the carotid arteries
PURPOSES
• Early detection, identification and treatment of life threatening conditions
such as heart failure and cardiac tamponade.
• Evaluate the patient’s immediate response to treatment such as drugs and
mechanical support.
• Evaluate the effectiveness of cardiovascular function such as cardiac output
and index.
INDICATIONS
• Any deficits or loss of cardiac function: such as myocardial infarction,
congestive heart failure, and cardiomyopathy.
• All types of shock; cardiogenic shock, neurogenic shock or anaphylactic
shock.
• Decreased urine output from dehydration, hemorrhage. G.I bleed, burns or
surgery.
SPECIALISED EQUIPMENTS NEEDED FOR INVASIVE MONITORING
• A CVP , pulmonary artery ,arterial catheter
• A flush system composed of intravenous solution, tubing stop cocks and a
flush device which provides for continuous and manual flushing of system.
• A pressure bag placed around the flush solution that is maintained at 300
mmhg pressure; the pressurized flush system delivers 3-5ml of solution per
hour through the catheter to prevent clotting and backflow of blood into
the pressure monitoring system.
• A transducer to convert the pressure coming from artery or heart chamber
into an electrical signal
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