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FETAL HEALTH SURVEILLANCE EXAM
QUESTIONS 2026 LATEST QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS| ACE YOUR GRADES.
Fetal Scalp Blood Sampling - correct answer -● Where facilities
and expertise exist, fetal scalp blooding sampling is
recommended in women with atypical /abnormal fetal heart
tracings at gestations > 34 weeks when delivery is not imminent
or if digital fetal scalp stimulation does not result in an
acceleratory FHR response. (III-C)
Umbilical Cord Sampling - correct answer -● Ideally cord blood
sampling of both umbilical arterial and venous blood is
recommended for ALL births. If only one sample is possible, it
should preferably be arterial. (III-B)
● When risk factors for adverse perinatal outcomes exist, or when
intervention for fetal indications occurs, sampling of arterial and
venous gases is strongly recommended
Hypoxemia - correct answer -Decreased oxygen content in the
blood as measured by the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2)
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Hypoxia - correct answer -General decreased oxygen availability
to the organism and to the tissues of the organism
Acidosis - correct answer -Increase in hydrogen ion
concentration in tissues due to accumulation of acid or loss of
base.
Base Excess/Deficit - correct answer -Reflects the buffering
capacity of blood to mop up "hydrogen ion" in the system. It is a
calculated value. It is derived by measuring the pH, the partial
pressure of carbon dioxide and the concentration of bicarbonate
(HCO3) on blood gas samples.
Some labs report a base excess versus a base deficit. The
difference between these two values is the way in which they are
reported. For most births, the base excess will be reported with a
(-) negative sign in front of it and a base deficit with a positive sign
(i.e. base deficit +16 or base excess -16). The two terms mean
the same thing. A simple way to think about these terms is that
one is a measure of how much extra buffer bases you would need
to correct the amount of acidosis going on in the body (base
excess) and the other refers to how much of a deficit of buffer
bases you have to correct the amount of acidosis in the body
(base deficit).
FETAL HEALTH SURVEILLANCE EXAM
QUESTIONS 2026 LATEST QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS| ACE YOUR GRADES.
Fetal Scalp Blood Sampling - correct answer -● Where facilities
and expertise exist, fetal scalp blooding sampling is
recommended in women with atypical /abnormal fetal heart
tracings at gestations > 34 weeks when delivery is not imminent
or if digital fetal scalp stimulation does not result in an
acceleratory FHR response. (III-C)
Umbilical Cord Sampling - correct answer -● Ideally cord blood
sampling of both umbilical arterial and venous blood is
recommended for ALL births. If only one sample is possible, it
should preferably be arterial. (III-B)
● When risk factors for adverse perinatal outcomes exist, or when
intervention for fetal indications occurs, sampling of arterial and
venous gases is strongly recommended
Hypoxemia - correct answer -Decreased oxygen content in the
blood as measured by the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2)
, Page | 2
Hypoxia - correct answer -General decreased oxygen availability
to the organism and to the tissues of the organism
Acidosis - correct answer -Increase in hydrogen ion
concentration in tissues due to accumulation of acid or loss of
base.
Base Excess/Deficit - correct answer -Reflects the buffering
capacity of blood to mop up "hydrogen ion" in the system. It is a
calculated value. It is derived by measuring the pH, the partial
pressure of carbon dioxide and the concentration of bicarbonate
(HCO3) on blood gas samples.
Some labs report a base excess versus a base deficit. The
difference between these two values is the way in which they are
reported. For most births, the base excess will be reported with a
(-) negative sign in front of it and a base deficit with a positive sign
(i.e. base deficit +16 or base excess -16). The two terms mean
the same thing. A simple way to think about these terms is that
one is a measure of how much extra buffer bases you would need
to correct the amount of acidosis going on in the body (base
excess) and the other refers to how much of a deficit of buffer
bases you have to correct the amount of acidosis in the body
(base deficit).
