N1I02 Midterm Exam QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Medical health model - CORRECT ANSWER Lays emphasis on medical intervention
in restoring health.
Behavioural health model - CORRECT ANSWER This was as a result of Lalonde's
report of 1974 "A new perspective to the health of Canadians". It defined health determinants
as environment, lifestyle, human biology and organization of health care. Responsibility of
health was placed on individual by practicing healthy behaviour.
Socioenvironmental health model - CORRECT ANSWER Criticized lifestyle
determinant of health as it was believed to be practiced by well educated, well employed and
higher income Canadians. Argued that health behaviours could not be separated from social
contexts in which they occur. Ottawa Charter (1986) for health promotion identified
prerequisites of health as shelter, education, food, income, social and political contexts,
Health responsibility was placed on society.
Health belief health model - CORRECT ANSWER Perception of seriousness of health
problem and its susceptibility.Serves as cues to action.
Health promotion - CORRECT ANSWER the process of enabling people to increase
control over, and to improve, their health. It moves beyond a focus on individual behaviour
towards a wide range of social and environmental interventions.
Primary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER Activities to protect against a disease
before signs and symptoms occur such as immunization, reduction of risk factors etc.
Secondary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER Activities that promotes early detection
of disease once pathogenesis has occured for prompt treatment in order to limit disability e.g
preventive screening for cancer, blood pressure screening to detect hypertension.
,Tertiary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER Activities initiated at convalescent stage of
disease. Its directed toward minimizing residual disability and helping people live
productively with limitations.
Nursing - CORRECT ANSWER collaborative care of people of all ages, families,
groups, and communities, sick or well. Needs to include promotion of health, illness
prevention, and the care of ill, disabled, and dying individuals.
Professionalism - CORRECT ANSWER Qualities or typical features of a profession or
professional. A collection of attitudes and actions; it suggests knowledge and technical skill.
College of Nurses of Ontario - CORRECT ANSWER the governing body for rns, rpns,
and lps in Ontario, Canada. They assess concerns about conduct and competence of nurses in
order to protect the public.
Practice standards - CORRECT ANSWER use to support the workers in providing
them with a safe and ethical care
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (RNAO) - CORRECT
ANSWER professional organization representing rns in Ontario. They are a credible,
strong voice leading the nursing profession to influence and promote healthy public policy
Canadian Nurses Association (CNA) - CORRECT ANSWER The Canadian Nurses
Association promotes profession-led regulation in the publics interest. They provide national
and international leadership in nursing and health. The CNA also advocates in the publics
interest for a publicly funded, non-profit health care system.
Canadian Nurses Students Association(CNSA) - CORRECT ANSWER The Canadian
Nurses Students Association influence and advance innovation in the nursing curriculum and
research. They are involved in strengthening linkages and creating new partnerships. Another
one of their objectives is to be the primary resource for nursing students.The CNSA is
important in ensuring that nursing students have a say in what their experience is like at their
respective education institution they attend, and in their profession as a whole.
,Mcmaster Undergraduate Nursing Student Society (MUNSS) - CORRECT
ANSWER describes themselves as a council run by the students for the students.
Represents the bscn students from the Mcmaster, Mohawk and Conestoga sites. They speak
on behalf of the Mcmaster nursing students to make changes happen.
Unregulated care provider (UCP) - CORRECT ANSWER An unregulated worker who
performs multiple tasks, some of which may traditionally have been performed by regulated
health care professionals., personal support worker, nursing aide, nurse extender, and
unlicensed assistive personnel.
CNO Quality Assurance (QA) Program - CORRECT ANSWER Program is based on
the principle that lifelong learning is essential to continuing competence. Every nurse
registered in the General or Extended classes is required by law to participate in this program.
Learning Plan - CORRECT ANSWER A way to meet a learning goal identified
through a self-assessment. The plan will take into account the following: Learning objectives,
indicators that identify when the goal is met, available resources, and a target finish date.
Clinical judgement - CORRECT ANSWER "an interpretation or conclusion about a
patient's needs, concerns or health problems, and/or the decision to take action (or not), use or
modify standard approaches, or improvise new ones as deemed appropriate by the patient's
response" (Tanner, 2006, p. 204)
Clinical reasoning - CORRECT ANSWER "...the process by which...nurses make their
judgments, and includes both the deliberate process of generating alternatives, weight them
against the evidence, and choosing the most appropriate, and those patterns that might be
characterized as engaged, practical reasoning..
(Tanner, 206, p. 204-205)
Tanner's Model of Nursing - CORRECT ANSWER Noticing, interpreting, responding,
reflecting
Noticing - CORRECT ANSWER referred to as the initial grasp of the clinical situation.
It does not stem from assessment, rather from the function of a nurse's expectation of the
situation. (Thinking Like a Nurse article, p.208) → general survey for example
, Interpreting - CORRECT ANSWER the collection of data, and recognition of a
reasoning pattern. Reasoning patterns include: analytic, intuitive, narrative (Thinking Like a
Nurse article, p. 208-209) → deciding what to do before you do anything
Responding - CORRECT ANSWER an appropriate course of action (Thinking Like a
Nurse article, p. 208)
Reflection-in-action - CORRECT ANSWER "refers to nurse's ability to read the patient
-- how he or she is responding to the nursing intervention-- and adjust the interventions based
on that assessment" (Thinking Like a Nurse article, p. 209)
Reflection-on-action - CORRECT ANSWER (clinical learning): "showing what nurses
gain from their experience contributes to their ongoing clinical knowledge development and
their
Capacity for clinical judgement in future situations" (Thinking Like a Nurse article, p. 209)
Empathy - CORRECT ANSWER Ability to understand and accept another person's
reality.
Praxis - CORRECT ANSWER A dialogue representing the dynamic interaction
between theorizing and clinical practice.
Scientific paradigm - CORRECT ANSWER a series of scientific and practical
assumptions about the world, also known as a conceptual framework
Therapeutic use of self - CORRECT ANSWER -Definition: the practitioner's
conscious, planned interaction with the individual, family members, significant others, and/or
caregivers (the conscious, planned use of one's personality, unique characteristics,
perceptions and insights during the therapeutic process
CORRECT ANSWERS
Medical health model - CORRECT ANSWER Lays emphasis on medical intervention
in restoring health.
Behavioural health model - CORRECT ANSWER This was as a result of Lalonde's
report of 1974 "A new perspective to the health of Canadians". It defined health determinants
as environment, lifestyle, human biology and organization of health care. Responsibility of
health was placed on individual by practicing healthy behaviour.
Socioenvironmental health model - CORRECT ANSWER Criticized lifestyle
determinant of health as it was believed to be practiced by well educated, well employed and
higher income Canadians. Argued that health behaviours could not be separated from social
contexts in which they occur. Ottawa Charter (1986) for health promotion identified
prerequisites of health as shelter, education, food, income, social and political contexts,
Health responsibility was placed on society.
Health belief health model - CORRECT ANSWER Perception of seriousness of health
problem and its susceptibility.Serves as cues to action.
Health promotion - CORRECT ANSWER the process of enabling people to increase
control over, and to improve, their health. It moves beyond a focus on individual behaviour
towards a wide range of social and environmental interventions.
Primary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER Activities to protect against a disease
before signs and symptoms occur such as immunization, reduction of risk factors etc.
Secondary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER Activities that promotes early detection
of disease once pathogenesis has occured for prompt treatment in order to limit disability e.g
preventive screening for cancer, blood pressure screening to detect hypertension.
,Tertiary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER Activities initiated at convalescent stage of
disease. Its directed toward minimizing residual disability and helping people live
productively with limitations.
Nursing - CORRECT ANSWER collaborative care of people of all ages, families,
groups, and communities, sick or well. Needs to include promotion of health, illness
prevention, and the care of ill, disabled, and dying individuals.
Professionalism - CORRECT ANSWER Qualities or typical features of a profession or
professional. A collection of attitudes and actions; it suggests knowledge and technical skill.
College of Nurses of Ontario - CORRECT ANSWER the governing body for rns, rpns,
and lps in Ontario, Canada. They assess concerns about conduct and competence of nurses in
order to protect the public.
Practice standards - CORRECT ANSWER use to support the workers in providing
them with a safe and ethical care
Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (RNAO) - CORRECT
ANSWER professional organization representing rns in Ontario. They are a credible,
strong voice leading the nursing profession to influence and promote healthy public policy
Canadian Nurses Association (CNA) - CORRECT ANSWER The Canadian Nurses
Association promotes profession-led regulation in the publics interest. They provide national
and international leadership in nursing and health. The CNA also advocates in the publics
interest for a publicly funded, non-profit health care system.
Canadian Nurses Students Association(CNSA) - CORRECT ANSWER The Canadian
Nurses Students Association influence and advance innovation in the nursing curriculum and
research. They are involved in strengthening linkages and creating new partnerships. Another
one of their objectives is to be the primary resource for nursing students.The CNSA is
important in ensuring that nursing students have a say in what their experience is like at their
respective education institution they attend, and in their profession as a whole.
,Mcmaster Undergraduate Nursing Student Society (MUNSS) - CORRECT
ANSWER describes themselves as a council run by the students for the students.
Represents the bscn students from the Mcmaster, Mohawk and Conestoga sites. They speak
on behalf of the Mcmaster nursing students to make changes happen.
Unregulated care provider (UCP) - CORRECT ANSWER An unregulated worker who
performs multiple tasks, some of which may traditionally have been performed by regulated
health care professionals., personal support worker, nursing aide, nurse extender, and
unlicensed assistive personnel.
CNO Quality Assurance (QA) Program - CORRECT ANSWER Program is based on
the principle that lifelong learning is essential to continuing competence. Every nurse
registered in the General or Extended classes is required by law to participate in this program.
Learning Plan - CORRECT ANSWER A way to meet a learning goal identified
through a self-assessment. The plan will take into account the following: Learning objectives,
indicators that identify when the goal is met, available resources, and a target finish date.
Clinical judgement - CORRECT ANSWER "an interpretation or conclusion about a
patient's needs, concerns or health problems, and/or the decision to take action (or not), use or
modify standard approaches, or improvise new ones as deemed appropriate by the patient's
response" (Tanner, 2006, p. 204)
Clinical reasoning - CORRECT ANSWER "...the process by which...nurses make their
judgments, and includes both the deliberate process of generating alternatives, weight them
against the evidence, and choosing the most appropriate, and those patterns that might be
characterized as engaged, practical reasoning..
(Tanner, 206, p. 204-205)
Tanner's Model of Nursing - CORRECT ANSWER Noticing, interpreting, responding,
reflecting
Noticing - CORRECT ANSWER referred to as the initial grasp of the clinical situation.
It does not stem from assessment, rather from the function of a nurse's expectation of the
situation. (Thinking Like a Nurse article, p.208) → general survey for example
, Interpreting - CORRECT ANSWER the collection of data, and recognition of a
reasoning pattern. Reasoning patterns include: analytic, intuitive, narrative (Thinking Like a
Nurse article, p. 208-209) → deciding what to do before you do anything
Responding - CORRECT ANSWER an appropriate course of action (Thinking Like a
Nurse article, p. 208)
Reflection-in-action - CORRECT ANSWER "refers to nurse's ability to read the patient
-- how he or she is responding to the nursing intervention-- and adjust the interventions based
on that assessment" (Thinking Like a Nurse article, p. 209)
Reflection-on-action - CORRECT ANSWER (clinical learning): "showing what nurses
gain from their experience contributes to their ongoing clinical knowledge development and
their
Capacity for clinical judgement in future situations" (Thinking Like a Nurse article, p. 209)
Empathy - CORRECT ANSWER Ability to understand and accept another person's
reality.
Praxis - CORRECT ANSWER A dialogue representing the dynamic interaction
between theorizing and clinical practice.
Scientific paradigm - CORRECT ANSWER a series of scientific and practical
assumptions about the world, also known as a conceptual framework
Therapeutic use of self - CORRECT ANSWER -Definition: the practitioner's
conscious, planned interaction with the individual, family members, significant others, and/or
caregivers (the conscious, planned use of one's personality, unique characteristics,
perceptions and insights during the therapeutic process
