GNRS 515 Patho Exam 4 UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
When a patient asks what the somatic nervous system 3.Skeletal muscle
controls, how should the nurse respond? It controls:
The somatic nervous system consists of pathways that regulate voluntary motor
1. The heart control, the skeletal muscle system.
2. The spinal cord
3. Skeletal muscle
4. Smooth muscle organs
A 19-year-old male college student reports to his primary 2.Reticular activating system
care provider that he cannot stay awake in class
regardless of how much sleep he gets. A drug that The reticular activating system is responsible for wakefulness.
stimulates which of the following areas would best treat
his problem?
1.Corpora quadrigemina
2.Reticular activating system
3.Cerebellum
4.Hypothalamus
A 32-year-old female suffers from severe brain damage 3.Prefrontal
following a motor vehicle accident. After rehabilitation
she notices that her thought processes and goal-oriented The prefrontal area is responsible for goal-oriented behavior (e.g., ability to
behavior are impaired. Which area does the nurse concentrate), short-term or recall memory, the elaboration of thought, and
suspect is damaged? inhibition on the limbic areas of the CNS.
1.Thalamus
2.Limbic
3.Prefrontal
4.Occipital
,A neurologist is teaching about the region responsible for 2.Broca area
motor aspects of speech. Which area is the neurologist
discussing? Broca's area is associated with speech production and articulation. Wernicke's area
is a critical language area that connects to Broca's area via a neural pathway.
1. Wernicke area Wernicke's area is primarily involved in comprehension.
2. Broca area
3. Primary speech area
4.Insula
A 45-year-old male was previously diagnosed with 1.Basal ganglia
Parkinson disease. He has impaired fine repetitive motor
movements. Which of the following areas does the nurse The basal ganglia system is believed to exert a stabilizing effect on motor
suspect is most likely damaged? movements. Parkinson disease and Huntington disease are conditions associated
with defects of the basal ganglia. They are characterized by various involuntary or
1. Basal ganglia exaggerated motor movements.
2. Prefrontal area
3.Hippocampus
4.Temporal lobe
A neurologist is teaching about the location of the 3.Occipital lobe
primary visual cortex in the brain. Which area is the
neurologist discussing? The visual cortex is located in the occipital lobe.
1. Frontal lobe
2. Temporal lobe
3.Occipital lobe
4.Parietal lobe
When a nurse is teaching about the transverse fiber tract 2.Corpus callosum
that connects the two cerebral hemispheres, what term
should the nurse use? The corpus callosum connects the two cerebral hemispheres and is essential in
coordinating activities between hemispheres.
1. Peduncle
2. Corpus callosum
3. Basal ganglia
4.Pons
What term should the nurse use when talking about the 1.Dura mater
outermost membrane surrounding the brain?
The dura mater is the outer layer of the brain.
1. Dura mater
2. Arachnoid mater
3. Pia mater
4. Falx cerebri
The _____ ensures collateral blood flow from blood vessels 3.Circle of Willis
supplying the brain.
The circle of Willis ensures collateral blood circulation in the brain.
1. Carotid arteries
2. Basal artery
3. Circle of Willis
4. Vertebral arteries
, When a student asks which type of nerves transmit nerve 3.Large, myelinated
impulses at the fastest rate, what is the best response by
the nurse? Large and myelinated nerves transmit impulses at the fastest rate.
1. Large, non-myelinated
2. Small, myelinated
3.Large, myelinated
4.Small, non-myelinated
The nurse is assessing the patient with a pen light. The 3.Oculomotor
integrity of which cranial nerve is being evaluated?
In evaluating the oculomotor nerve, the pupils are examined for size, shape, and
1. Olfactory equality; pupillary reflex tested with a pen light (pupils should constrict when
2. Vagus illuminated); and ability to follow moving objects.
3. Oculomotor Olfactory is assessed using smells.
4. Trigeminal Vagus is assessed using the ophthalmoscope.
The trigeminal is assessed with a safety pin and hot and cold objects for
sensations of pain, touch, and temperature.
A neurologists explains that arousal is mediated by the: 3.Reticular activating system
1. Cerebral cortex Arousal is mediated by the reticular activating system, which regulates aspects of
2. Medulla oblongata attention and information processing and maintains consciousness.
3.Reticular activating system
4.Cingulate gyrus
A 20-year-old male suffers a severe closed head injury in 2.Brainstem
a motor vehicle accident. He remains in a vegetative state
(VS) 1 month after the accident. Which of the following When a person loses cerebral function, the reticular activating system and
structures is maintaining him in a vegetative state? brainstem can maintain a crude waking state known as a VS. Cognitive cerebral
functions, however, cannot occur without a functioning reticular activating system.
1.Cerebral cortex
2.Brainstem
3.Spinal cord
4.Cerebellum
A 45-year-old female presents to the emergency room 3.Medulla oblongata
(ER) reporting excessive vomiting. A CT scan of the brain
reveals a mass in the: Vomiting is due to disruptions in the medulla oblongata.
1. Skull fractures
2. Thalamus
3. Medulla oblongata
4. Frontal lobe
CORRECT Answers
When a patient asks what the somatic nervous system 3.Skeletal muscle
controls, how should the nurse respond? It controls:
The somatic nervous system consists of pathways that regulate voluntary motor
1. The heart control, the skeletal muscle system.
2. The spinal cord
3. Skeletal muscle
4. Smooth muscle organs
A 19-year-old male college student reports to his primary 2.Reticular activating system
care provider that he cannot stay awake in class
regardless of how much sleep he gets. A drug that The reticular activating system is responsible for wakefulness.
stimulates which of the following areas would best treat
his problem?
1.Corpora quadrigemina
2.Reticular activating system
3.Cerebellum
4.Hypothalamus
A 32-year-old female suffers from severe brain damage 3.Prefrontal
following a motor vehicle accident. After rehabilitation
she notices that her thought processes and goal-oriented The prefrontal area is responsible for goal-oriented behavior (e.g., ability to
behavior are impaired. Which area does the nurse concentrate), short-term or recall memory, the elaboration of thought, and
suspect is damaged? inhibition on the limbic areas of the CNS.
1.Thalamus
2.Limbic
3.Prefrontal
4.Occipital
,A neurologist is teaching about the region responsible for 2.Broca area
motor aspects of speech. Which area is the neurologist
discussing? Broca's area is associated with speech production and articulation. Wernicke's area
is a critical language area that connects to Broca's area via a neural pathway.
1. Wernicke area Wernicke's area is primarily involved in comprehension.
2. Broca area
3. Primary speech area
4.Insula
A 45-year-old male was previously diagnosed with 1.Basal ganglia
Parkinson disease. He has impaired fine repetitive motor
movements. Which of the following areas does the nurse The basal ganglia system is believed to exert a stabilizing effect on motor
suspect is most likely damaged? movements. Parkinson disease and Huntington disease are conditions associated
with defects of the basal ganglia. They are characterized by various involuntary or
1. Basal ganglia exaggerated motor movements.
2. Prefrontal area
3.Hippocampus
4.Temporal lobe
A neurologist is teaching about the location of the 3.Occipital lobe
primary visual cortex in the brain. Which area is the
neurologist discussing? The visual cortex is located in the occipital lobe.
1. Frontal lobe
2. Temporal lobe
3.Occipital lobe
4.Parietal lobe
When a nurse is teaching about the transverse fiber tract 2.Corpus callosum
that connects the two cerebral hemispheres, what term
should the nurse use? The corpus callosum connects the two cerebral hemispheres and is essential in
coordinating activities between hemispheres.
1. Peduncle
2. Corpus callosum
3. Basal ganglia
4.Pons
What term should the nurse use when talking about the 1.Dura mater
outermost membrane surrounding the brain?
The dura mater is the outer layer of the brain.
1. Dura mater
2. Arachnoid mater
3. Pia mater
4. Falx cerebri
The _____ ensures collateral blood flow from blood vessels 3.Circle of Willis
supplying the brain.
The circle of Willis ensures collateral blood circulation in the brain.
1. Carotid arteries
2. Basal artery
3. Circle of Willis
4. Vertebral arteries
, When a student asks which type of nerves transmit nerve 3.Large, myelinated
impulses at the fastest rate, what is the best response by
the nurse? Large and myelinated nerves transmit impulses at the fastest rate.
1. Large, non-myelinated
2. Small, myelinated
3.Large, myelinated
4.Small, non-myelinated
The nurse is assessing the patient with a pen light. The 3.Oculomotor
integrity of which cranial nerve is being evaluated?
In evaluating the oculomotor nerve, the pupils are examined for size, shape, and
1. Olfactory equality; pupillary reflex tested with a pen light (pupils should constrict when
2. Vagus illuminated); and ability to follow moving objects.
3. Oculomotor Olfactory is assessed using smells.
4. Trigeminal Vagus is assessed using the ophthalmoscope.
The trigeminal is assessed with a safety pin and hot and cold objects for
sensations of pain, touch, and temperature.
A neurologists explains that arousal is mediated by the: 3.Reticular activating system
1. Cerebral cortex Arousal is mediated by the reticular activating system, which regulates aspects of
2. Medulla oblongata attention and information processing and maintains consciousness.
3.Reticular activating system
4.Cingulate gyrus
A 20-year-old male suffers a severe closed head injury in 2.Brainstem
a motor vehicle accident. He remains in a vegetative state
(VS) 1 month after the accident. Which of the following When a person loses cerebral function, the reticular activating system and
structures is maintaining him in a vegetative state? brainstem can maintain a crude waking state known as a VS. Cognitive cerebral
functions, however, cannot occur without a functioning reticular activating system.
1.Cerebral cortex
2.Brainstem
3.Spinal cord
4.Cerebellum
A 45-year-old female presents to the emergency room 3.Medulla oblongata
(ER) reporting excessive vomiting. A CT scan of the brain
reveals a mass in the: Vomiting is due to disruptions in the medulla oblongata.
1. Skull fractures
2. Thalamus
3. Medulla oblongata
4. Frontal lobe
