GNRS515 - Advanced Pathophysiology - Exam #1 UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
T/F: Non-dividing cells, such as myocardial fibers, are True
capable of hypertrophy, but not hyperplasia.
T/F: Dysplasia is a common type of normal cellular False
adaptation.
T/F: Hypertrophy and hyperplasia rarely occur together. False
T/F: A man with a history of smoking has a bronchial True
biopsy showing that the normal columnar ciliated
epithelial cells have been replaced by stratified
squamous epithelial cells. The man is correctly told that
this process could be reversed if he quits smoking.
T/F: Dysplastic changes may be reversible, but more True
commonly become malignant.
Which type of cell adaptation occurs when normal B. Metaplasia
columnar ciliated epithelial cells of the bronchial lining
have been replaced by stratified squamous epithelial
cells?
A. Hyperplasia
B. Metaplasia
C. Dysplasia
D. Anaplasia
The mammary glands enlarge during pregnancy primarily B. Hormonal Hyperplasia
as a consequence of:
A. Compensatory hyperplasia
B. Hormonal hyperplasia
C. Hormonal anaplasia
D. Hormonal dysplasia
When the heart's workload increases, what changes B. They increase in size
occur to the myocardial cells?
A. They divide
B. They increase in size
C. They increase in number
D. They undergo metaplasia
,After ovulation, the uterine endometrial cells divide A. Hyperplasia
under the influence of estrogen; this is an example of
hormonal:
A. Hyperplasia.
B. Dysplasia.
C. Hypertrophy
D. Anaplasia
The abnormal proliferation of cells in response to D. Pathologic Hyperplasia
excessive hormonal stimulation is called:
A. Dysplasia.
B. Pathologic dysplasia
C. Hyperplasia
D. Pathologic hyperplasia
Removal of part of the liver leads to _________ of the C. Compensatory Hyperplasia
remaining liver cells.
A. Dysplasia
B. Metaplasia
C. Compensatory hyperplasia
D. Compensatory dysplasia
During ischemia, what effect does the loss of the C. Cells swell because of the influx of NaCl
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level have on cells?
A. Cells shrink because of the influx of Ca
B. Cells shrink because of the influx of KCl
C. Cells swell because of the influx of NaCl
D. Cells swell because of the influx of NO
What is a consequence of plasma membrane damage to B. Influx of calcium ions halts ATP production
the mitochondria?
A. Enzymatic digestion halts DNA synthesis.
B. Influx of calcium ions halts ATP production
C. Reduction in ATP production caused by edema from
an influx in sodium
D. Shift of potassium out of the mitochondria, which
destroys the infrastructure
, What is a consequence of leakage of lysosomal enzymes A. Enzymatic digestion of the nucleus and nucleolus occurs, halting DNA
during chemical injury? synthesis
A. Enzymatic digestion of the nucleus and nucleolus
occurs, halting DNA synthesis
B. Influx of potassium ions into the mitochondria occurs,
halting the ATP production
C. Edema of the Golgi body occurs, preventing the
transport of proteins out of the cell
D. Shift of calcium out of the plasma membrane occurs,
destroying the cytoskeleton
In hypoxic injury, why does sodium enter the cell and B. Because there is insufficient ATP to maintain the pump that keeps sodium out of
cause swelling? the cell
A. Because the cell membrane permeability increases for
sodium during periods of hypoxia
B. Because there is insufficient ATP to maintain the pump
that keeps sodium out of the cell
C. Because the lactic acid produced by the hypoxia binds
with sodium within the cell
D. Because sodium cannot be transported in the cytosol
to the cell membrane during hypoxia
What organs are affected by coagulative necrosis that C. Kidneys and heart
results from hypoxia caused by severe ischemia or
caused by chemical injury?
A. Lungs and pulmonary vessels
B. Brain and spinal cord
C. Kidneys and heart
D. Muscles and bones
What type of necrosis results from ischemia of neurons B. Liquefactive necrosis
and glial cells?
A. Coagulative necrosis
B. Liquefactive necrosis
C. Caseous necrosis
D. Gangrene necrosis
What type of necrosis is often associated with pulmonary B. Caseous necrosis
tuberculosis?
A. Bacteriologic necrosis
B. Caseous necrosis
C. Liquefactive necrosis
D. Gangrenous necrosis
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
T/F: Non-dividing cells, such as myocardial fibers, are True
capable of hypertrophy, but not hyperplasia.
T/F: Dysplasia is a common type of normal cellular False
adaptation.
T/F: Hypertrophy and hyperplasia rarely occur together. False
T/F: A man with a history of smoking has a bronchial True
biopsy showing that the normal columnar ciliated
epithelial cells have been replaced by stratified
squamous epithelial cells. The man is correctly told that
this process could be reversed if he quits smoking.
T/F: Dysplastic changes may be reversible, but more True
commonly become malignant.
Which type of cell adaptation occurs when normal B. Metaplasia
columnar ciliated epithelial cells of the bronchial lining
have been replaced by stratified squamous epithelial
cells?
A. Hyperplasia
B. Metaplasia
C. Dysplasia
D. Anaplasia
The mammary glands enlarge during pregnancy primarily B. Hormonal Hyperplasia
as a consequence of:
A. Compensatory hyperplasia
B. Hormonal hyperplasia
C. Hormonal anaplasia
D. Hormonal dysplasia
When the heart's workload increases, what changes B. They increase in size
occur to the myocardial cells?
A. They divide
B. They increase in size
C. They increase in number
D. They undergo metaplasia
,After ovulation, the uterine endometrial cells divide A. Hyperplasia
under the influence of estrogen; this is an example of
hormonal:
A. Hyperplasia.
B. Dysplasia.
C. Hypertrophy
D. Anaplasia
The abnormal proliferation of cells in response to D. Pathologic Hyperplasia
excessive hormonal stimulation is called:
A. Dysplasia.
B. Pathologic dysplasia
C. Hyperplasia
D. Pathologic hyperplasia
Removal of part of the liver leads to _________ of the C. Compensatory Hyperplasia
remaining liver cells.
A. Dysplasia
B. Metaplasia
C. Compensatory hyperplasia
D. Compensatory dysplasia
During ischemia, what effect does the loss of the C. Cells swell because of the influx of NaCl
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level have on cells?
A. Cells shrink because of the influx of Ca
B. Cells shrink because of the influx of KCl
C. Cells swell because of the influx of NaCl
D. Cells swell because of the influx of NO
What is a consequence of plasma membrane damage to B. Influx of calcium ions halts ATP production
the mitochondria?
A. Enzymatic digestion halts DNA synthesis.
B. Influx of calcium ions halts ATP production
C. Reduction in ATP production caused by edema from
an influx in sodium
D. Shift of potassium out of the mitochondria, which
destroys the infrastructure
, What is a consequence of leakage of lysosomal enzymes A. Enzymatic digestion of the nucleus and nucleolus occurs, halting DNA
during chemical injury? synthesis
A. Enzymatic digestion of the nucleus and nucleolus
occurs, halting DNA synthesis
B. Influx of potassium ions into the mitochondria occurs,
halting the ATP production
C. Edema of the Golgi body occurs, preventing the
transport of proteins out of the cell
D. Shift of calcium out of the plasma membrane occurs,
destroying the cytoskeleton
In hypoxic injury, why does sodium enter the cell and B. Because there is insufficient ATP to maintain the pump that keeps sodium out of
cause swelling? the cell
A. Because the cell membrane permeability increases for
sodium during periods of hypoxia
B. Because there is insufficient ATP to maintain the pump
that keeps sodium out of the cell
C. Because the lactic acid produced by the hypoxia binds
with sodium within the cell
D. Because sodium cannot be transported in the cytosol
to the cell membrane during hypoxia
What organs are affected by coagulative necrosis that C. Kidneys and heart
results from hypoxia caused by severe ischemia or
caused by chemical injury?
A. Lungs and pulmonary vessels
B. Brain and spinal cord
C. Kidneys and heart
D. Muscles and bones
What type of necrosis results from ischemia of neurons B. Liquefactive necrosis
and glial cells?
A. Coagulative necrosis
B. Liquefactive necrosis
C. Caseous necrosis
D. Gangrene necrosis
What type of necrosis is often associated with pulmonary B. Caseous necrosis
tuberculosis?
A. Bacteriologic necrosis
B. Caseous necrosis
C. Liquefactive necrosis
D. Gangrenous necrosis
