Pathophysiology Exam 1 Practice Problems UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
A patient is found to have liver disease, resulting in the C
removal of a lobe of his liver. Adaptation to the reduced
size of the liver leads to________ of the remaining liver
cells.
A. Metaplasia
B. Organ atrophy
C. Compensatory hyperplasia
D. Physiologic hyperplasia
An older adult patient comes to the clinic complaining of B, C, E
not being able to do what he used to be able to. You
know that normal changes associated with aging include:
(Select all that apply.)
A. Improved blood flow
B. Slowed metabolic rate
C. Decreased brain weight
D. Improved nerve fiber conduction
E. Less respiratory capacity
A 20-year-old college student has presented to her A
campus medical clinic for a scheduled Pap smear. The
clinician who will interpret the smear will examine cell
samples for evidence of:
A. Changes in cell shape, size, and organization
B. Presence of unexpected cell types
C. Ischemic changes in cell sample
D. Abnormally high numbers of cells
,The parents of a 4-year-old girl have sought care B
because their daughter has admitted to chewing and Lead -> anemia, RBC lysis
swallowing imported toy figurines that have been
determined to be made of lead. Which of the following You know it's not A because there is no infection involved. C is focused on kidney
blood tests should the care team prioritize? function while D is focused on liver function. Both of these would be important in
the case of lead poisoning BUT the priority answer is B, because you need first to
A. White blood cell levels with differential address the most life-threatening patient needs. The little girl in this question can
B. Red blood cell levels and morphology go into shock or suffer permanent organ damage if her RBCs are low.
C. Urea and creatinine levels
D. Liver function panel
A patient with severe peripheral vascular disease has B
developed signs of dry gangrene on the great toe of one
foot. Which of the following pathophysiologic processes Remember that it's not C because to have gangrene, you must have infection
most likely contributed to this diagnosis?
A. Inappropriate activation of apoptosis
B. Bacterial invasion
C. Impaired arterial blood supply
D. Metaplastic cellular changes
Although stress exposure initiates integrated responses C
by multiple systems, the most important changes are first
activated by which system?
A. Pulmonary
B. Gastrointestinal
C. Neuroendocrine
D. Cardiovascular
Which manifestation of stress reflects the non-specific D
fight or flight response?
This would fall under physiologic responses to stress!! Slide 25 in your lecture
A. Decreased pupillary light response powerpoint
B. Increased GI motility
C. Decreased short-term memory
D. Increased cardiopulmonary rates
Stress-induced cortisol hormone secretion is associated B
with:
A. Increased growth hormone level You know it's not A because I mentioned in an earlier slide that growth hormone
B. Regulation of the stress response levels decrease with stress. We didn't mention thyroid-stimulating hormone as one
C. Increased thyroid-stimulating hormone of the ones associated with the stress repsonse so you can pretty much assume
D. Depressed adrenal gland function that's not right. And we know adrenal function is not depressed because ACTH
from the anterior pituitary stimulates the adrenal glands to release cortisol.
, Which of the following factors are known to contribute to B, C, D, E
an individual's ability to adapt to stress? (Select all that
apply.) "Ability to adapt to stress" = mediating factors! Slide 28 of this powerpoint
A. Ethnicity
B. Age
C. Socioeconomic status
D. Gender
E. Health status
Two people experience the same stressor yet only one is A
able to cope and adapt adequately. An example of the
person with an increased capacity to adapt is the one Back to mediating factors. Which of these things do you think would help a person
with: deal with stress? Disruption in sleep cycle (B) will definitely not help, age-related
renal dysfunction (C) is an indicator of poor health status which also would not
A. A sense of purpose in life help, and excessive weight changes (D) are also likely to cause more stress than
B. Circadian rhythm disruption alleviate it.
C. Age-related renal dysfunction
D. Excessive weight gain or loss
The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute A, C, D
inflammation include: (Select all that apply.)
A. Redness
B. Fatigue
C. Swelling
D. Warmth
E. Fever
The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the C
movement of leukocytes into the area. Which of the
following cells arrives first and in great numbers?
A. Basophils
B. Lymphocytes
C. Neutrophils
D. Platelets
Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes C
increased capillary permeability and pain?
A. Serotonin
B. Histamine
C. Bradykinin
D. Nitric oxide
Questions and CORRECT Answers
A patient is found to have liver disease, resulting in the C
removal of a lobe of his liver. Adaptation to the reduced
size of the liver leads to________ of the remaining liver
cells.
A. Metaplasia
B. Organ atrophy
C. Compensatory hyperplasia
D. Physiologic hyperplasia
An older adult patient comes to the clinic complaining of B, C, E
not being able to do what he used to be able to. You
know that normal changes associated with aging include:
(Select all that apply.)
A. Improved blood flow
B. Slowed metabolic rate
C. Decreased brain weight
D. Improved nerve fiber conduction
E. Less respiratory capacity
A 20-year-old college student has presented to her A
campus medical clinic for a scheduled Pap smear. The
clinician who will interpret the smear will examine cell
samples for evidence of:
A. Changes in cell shape, size, and organization
B. Presence of unexpected cell types
C. Ischemic changes in cell sample
D. Abnormally high numbers of cells
,The parents of a 4-year-old girl have sought care B
because their daughter has admitted to chewing and Lead -> anemia, RBC lysis
swallowing imported toy figurines that have been
determined to be made of lead. Which of the following You know it's not A because there is no infection involved. C is focused on kidney
blood tests should the care team prioritize? function while D is focused on liver function. Both of these would be important in
the case of lead poisoning BUT the priority answer is B, because you need first to
A. White blood cell levels with differential address the most life-threatening patient needs. The little girl in this question can
B. Red blood cell levels and morphology go into shock or suffer permanent organ damage if her RBCs are low.
C. Urea and creatinine levels
D. Liver function panel
A patient with severe peripheral vascular disease has B
developed signs of dry gangrene on the great toe of one
foot. Which of the following pathophysiologic processes Remember that it's not C because to have gangrene, you must have infection
most likely contributed to this diagnosis?
A. Inappropriate activation of apoptosis
B. Bacterial invasion
C. Impaired arterial blood supply
D. Metaplastic cellular changes
Although stress exposure initiates integrated responses C
by multiple systems, the most important changes are first
activated by which system?
A. Pulmonary
B. Gastrointestinal
C. Neuroendocrine
D. Cardiovascular
Which manifestation of stress reflects the non-specific D
fight or flight response?
This would fall under physiologic responses to stress!! Slide 25 in your lecture
A. Decreased pupillary light response powerpoint
B. Increased GI motility
C. Decreased short-term memory
D. Increased cardiopulmonary rates
Stress-induced cortisol hormone secretion is associated B
with:
A. Increased growth hormone level You know it's not A because I mentioned in an earlier slide that growth hormone
B. Regulation of the stress response levels decrease with stress. We didn't mention thyroid-stimulating hormone as one
C. Increased thyroid-stimulating hormone of the ones associated with the stress repsonse so you can pretty much assume
D. Depressed adrenal gland function that's not right. And we know adrenal function is not depressed because ACTH
from the anterior pituitary stimulates the adrenal glands to release cortisol.
, Which of the following factors are known to contribute to B, C, D, E
an individual's ability to adapt to stress? (Select all that
apply.) "Ability to adapt to stress" = mediating factors! Slide 28 of this powerpoint
A. Ethnicity
B. Age
C. Socioeconomic status
D. Gender
E. Health status
Two people experience the same stressor yet only one is A
able to cope and adapt adequately. An example of the
person with an increased capacity to adapt is the one Back to mediating factors. Which of these things do you think would help a person
with: deal with stress? Disruption in sleep cycle (B) will definitely not help, age-related
renal dysfunction (C) is an indicator of poor health status which also would not
A. A sense of purpose in life help, and excessive weight changes (D) are also likely to cause more stress than
B. Circadian rhythm disruption alleviate it.
C. Age-related renal dysfunction
D. Excessive weight gain or loss
The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute A, C, D
inflammation include: (Select all that apply.)
A. Redness
B. Fatigue
C. Swelling
D. Warmth
E. Fever
The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the C
movement of leukocytes into the area. Which of the
following cells arrives first and in great numbers?
A. Basophils
B. Lymphocytes
C. Neutrophils
D. Platelets
Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes C
increased capillary permeability and pain?
A. Serotonin
B. Histamine
C. Bradykinin
D. Nitric oxide
