PSYC 510 Final Exam 1 Questions and
All Actual Answers 2026.
Learning Theory - Answer -a model of psychology that explains human responses through
the concept of learning. Learning theory includes behaviorism, cognitive theory, cognitive-
behavioral theory and constructivism.
Why is learning theory the dominant view? - Answer *optimistic and positive (symptoms can
be changed)
*simple and easy to understand
*downplays previous life history
* "laws" of learning lead directly to intervention
*concrete and specific
*easy to document improvements and changes
*scientific approach
*efficient-cost and time effective
Problems/limitations of the learning model - Answer -Tends to ignore developmental issues:
(Applies same "laws" to children and adults,
Does not acknowledge that reinforcers change as children get older)
-Tends to ignore cognitions and thoughts
Concepts of Learning - Answer
Minority Children factors and treatment concerns - Answer -are over-represented in the
rates of some childhood/adolescent disorders, such as substance abuse, delinquency, and teen
suicide
-HOWEVER, once the effects of SES, sex, and age are controlled for, very few differences in rates
remain
-majority culture has generally neglected to respect or understand the beliefs of culturally
diverse youth
-marginalization (not getting same resources as other youth) leads to >> alienation (feel
separated from everyone and start rejecting everyone)
-more likely to be from a low SES group
-racism and discrimination are stressful and impose a risk for mental disorders
-stigma and mistrust develop because of the above
-minority families are less willing to seek services for these reasons
, -services may not be offered in culturally sensitive manner
-difficulty finding a treatment provider who speaks a language other than English
-few research studies focus on the ethnic representation or ethnic related issues
Clinical Disorders commonly diagnosed in preschool children - Answer -mental retardation
(intellectual development)
-autism
-feeding disorders
-speech and language disorders
-some anxiety disorders (phobias)
-problems stemming from abuse or neglect
Clinical disorders commonly diagnosed in school aged children - Answer -ADHD
-learning disorders
-conduct disorders
-to a lesser degree, depression and anxiety
Clinical disorders commonly diagnosed in adolescents - Answer -eating disorders
-delinquency
-suicide attempts
-drug and alcohol abuse
-anxiety and depression
-first signs of schizophrenia
Infant Temperament Styles-easy - Answer adapts well, not easily upset, regularity in
biological functions
Infant Temperament Styles-difficult - Answer easily upset, irregular in biological functions,
intense negative reactions, drains parents' energy and patience
Infant Temperament Styles-slow to adapt - Answer somewhere in between, shy, and anxious
Difficult Temperament leads to increased risk for: - Answer conduct problems, stormy peer
relationships, and academic problems when enter 1st grade
Temperament at Age 3: - Answer predicts behavioral problems 12 years later
All Actual Answers 2026.
Learning Theory - Answer -a model of psychology that explains human responses through
the concept of learning. Learning theory includes behaviorism, cognitive theory, cognitive-
behavioral theory and constructivism.
Why is learning theory the dominant view? - Answer *optimistic and positive (symptoms can
be changed)
*simple and easy to understand
*downplays previous life history
* "laws" of learning lead directly to intervention
*concrete and specific
*easy to document improvements and changes
*scientific approach
*efficient-cost and time effective
Problems/limitations of the learning model - Answer -Tends to ignore developmental issues:
(Applies same "laws" to children and adults,
Does not acknowledge that reinforcers change as children get older)
-Tends to ignore cognitions and thoughts
Concepts of Learning - Answer
Minority Children factors and treatment concerns - Answer -are over-represented in the
rates of some childhood/adolescent disorders, such as substance abuse, delinquency, and teen
suicide
-HOWEVER, once the effects of SES, sex, and age are controlled for, very few differences in rates
remain
-majority culture has generally neglected to respect or understand the beliefs of culturally
diverse youth
-marginalization (not getting same resources as other youth) leads to >> alienation (feel
separated from everyone and start rejecting everyone)
-more likely to be from a low SES group
-racism and discrimination are stressful and impose a risk for mental disorders
-stigma and mistrust develop because of the above
-minority families are less willing to seek services for these reasons
, -services may not be offered in culturally sensitive manner
-difficulty finding a treatment provider who speaks a language other than English
-few research studies focus on the ethnic representation or ethnic related issues
Clinical Disorders commonly diagnosed in preschool children - Answer -mental retardation
(intellectual development)
-autism
-feeding disorders
-speech and language disorders
-some anxiety disorders (phobias)
-problems stemming from abuse or neglect
Clinical disorders commonly diagnosed in school aged children - Answer -ADHD
-learning disorders
-conduct disorders
-to a lesser degree, depression and anxiety
Clinical disorders commonly diagnosed in adolescents - Answer -eating disorders
-delinquency
-suicide attempts
-drug and alcohol abuse
-anxiety and depression
-first signs of schizophrenia
Infant Temperament Styles-easy - Answer adapts well, not easily upset, regularity in
biological functions
Infant Temperament Styles-difficult - Answer easily upset, irregular in biological functions,
intense negative reactions, drains parents' energy and patience
Infant Temperament Styles-slow to adapt - Answer somewhere in between, shy, and anxious
Difficult Temperament leads to increased risk for: - Answer conduct problems, stormy peer
relationships, and academic problems when enter 1st grade
Temperament at Age 3: - Answer predicts behavioral problems 12 years later
