Chapter 14-17 LSU Gregg Bio 1201
Practice Questions and All Correct
Answers 2026.
What did Mendel discover? - Answer Mendel discovered the basic principles of heredity by
breeding pea plants.
What is a character defined as? - Answer A character is defined as a heritable feature that
varies among individuals, such as flower color.
What is a trait defined as? - Answer A trait is defined as each specific variant for a character,
such as the color purple or white for flowers.
What are true breeding plants? - Answer True breeding plants are plants that produce
offspring with the same phenotype when they self pollinate. Parent is homozygous.
What is the process of hybridization? - Answer Hybridization is when parents that are both
homozygous for different traits are mated.
In the F1 generation, why is it possible for all offspring to share one phenotype, and the other
not be expressed from the other parent, but will instead be expressed in the F2 generation? -
Answer This is due to recessive vs. dominant alleles. Traits are suppressed if recessive, but
not completely diluted or destroyed.
What is the difference between true breeding self pollination and hybrid mating? - Answer
True breeding self pollination includes one or two parents that are homozygous for the same
trait. (dominant or recessive). Hybrid mating includes two parents that are homozygous for
differing traits.
What are alternative variations of a gene called and what is the significance of them? - Answer
Alternative variations of a gene are called alleles and alleles account for variations in inherited
characters.
What is a locus? - Answer A locus is the specific location of a gene on a chromosome.
How many alleles does each organism inherit? - Answer Two, one from each parent.
, What does Mendel's law of segregation state? - Answer Mendel's law of segregation states
that the two alleles for a heritable character separate during gamete formation and end up in
different gametes. Thus an egg or sperm cell only gets one of two alleles each. This corresponds
to homologous pairs in meiosis separating into different gametes.
What is a testcross? - Answer A testcross is where one mystery individual is crossed with a
homozygous recessive individual. The mystery individual is either homozygous dominant for a
trait or heterozygous. If any of the offspring display the recessive phenotype, than the mystery
parent must be heterozygous.
What are dihybrids? - Answer Dihybrids are the offspring of two differing true breeding
parents, dihybrids are heterozygous for both traits. (F1 generation). Dihybrid crosses led to the
discovery of Mendel's law of independent assortment.
What does Mendel's law of independent assortment state? - Answer Mendel's law of
independent assortment states that each pair of alleles on different, nonhomologous
chromosomes, or chromosomes on the same gene that are far apart, segregate independently
to during gamete formation.
In what ways can Mendel's principle's be deviated from or not completely apply? - Answer
When alleles are not completely dominant or recessive, when a gene has more than two alleles,
and when a gene produces multiple phenotypes.
Describe complete dominance, incomplete dominance and codominance. - Answer
Complete dominance is normal phenotype based on alleles, incomplete dominance is where
neither phenotype is expressed, rather a mix of both, and codominance is where each
phenotype is expressed equally in an offspring.
How many phenotypes are there for ABO blood type in humans? - Answer Four-AB, A, B, O.
B and A are carbohydrates on an enzyme.
What is pleiotropy and what diseases can it lead to? - Answer Pleiotropy is when a gene
produces many different phenotypes, or a single gene effecting multiple traits. Pleiotropy can
lead to sickle cell and cystic fibrosis.
Can some traits be effected by two or more genes? What is this called? - Answer Epistasis is
where one gene effects the phenotype of another gene at a different locus due to the genes
interacting. In polygenic inheritance, multiple genes effect a single trait.
What is an example of Epistasis? - Answer An example of epistasis is the relationship
between the gene of a dogs hair color and the gene the gene to have hair color.
Practice Questions and All Correct
Answers 2026.
What did Mendel discover? - Answer Mendel discovered the basic principles of heredity by
breeding pea plants.
What is a character defined as? - Answer A character is defined as a heritable feature that
varies among individuals, such as flower color.
What is a trait defined as? - Answer A trait is defined as each specific variant for a character,
such as the color purple or white for flowers.
What are true breeding plants? - Answer True breeding plants are plants that produce
offspring with the same phenotype when they self pollinate. Parent is homozygous.
What is the process of hybridization? - Answer Hybridization is when parents that are both
homozygous for different traits are mated.
In the F1 generation, why is it possible for all offspring to share one phenotype, and the other
not be expressed from the other parent, but will instead be expressed in the F2 generation? -
Answer This is due to recessive vs. dominant alleles. Traits are suppressed if recessive, but
not completely diluted or destroyed.
What is the difference between true breeding self pollination and hybrid mating? - Answer
True breeding self pollination includes one or two parents that are homozygous for the same
trait. (dominant or recessive). Hybrid mating includes two parents that are homozygous for
differing traits.
What are alternative variations of a gene called and what is the significance of them? - Answer
Alternative variations of a gene are called alleles and alleles account for variations in inherited
characters.
What is a locus? - Answer A locus is the specific location of a gene on a chromosome.
How many alleles does each organism inherit? - Answer Two, one from each parent.
, What does Mendel's law of segregation state? - Answer Mendel's law of segregation states
that the two alleles for a heritable character separate during gamete formation and end up in
different gametes. Thus an egg or sperm cell only gets one of two alleles each. This corresponds
to homologous pairs in meiosis separating into different gametes.
What is a testcross? - Answer A testcross is where one mystery individual is crossed with a
homozygous recessive individual. The mystery individual is either homozygous dominant for a
trait or heterozygous. If any of the offspring display the recessive phenotype, than the mystery
parent must be heterozygous.
What are dihybrids? - Answer Dihybrids are the offspring of two differing true breeding
parents, dihybrids are heterozygous for both traits. (F1 generation). Dihybrid crosses led to the
discovery of Mendel's law of independent assortment.
What does Mendel's law of independent assortment state? - Answer Mendel's law of
independent assortment states that each pair of alleles on different, nonhomologous
chromosomes, or chromosomes on the same gene that are far apart, segregate independently
to during gamete formation.
In what ways can Mendel's principle's be deviated from or not completely apply? - Answer
When alleles are not completely dominant or recessive, when a gene has more than two alleles,
and when a gene produces multiple phenotypes.
Describe complete dominance, incomplete dominance and codominance. - Answer
Complete dominance is normal phenotype based on alleles, incomplete dominance is where
neither phenotype is expressed, rather a mix of both, and codominance is where each
phenotype is expressed equally in an offspring.
How many phenotypes are there for ABO blood type in humans? - Answer Four-AB, A, B, O.
B and A are carbohydrates on an enzyme.
What is pleiotropy and what diseases can it lead to? - Answer Pleiotropy is when a gene
produces many different phenotypes, or a single gene effecting multiple traits. Pleiotropy can
lead to sickle cell and cystic fibrosis.
Can some traits be effected by two or more genes? What is this called? - Answer Epistasis is
where one gene effects the phenotype of another gene at a different locus due to the genes
interacting. In polygenic inheritance, multiple genes effect a single trait.
What is an example of Epistasis? - Answer An example of epistasis is the relationship
between the gene of a dogs hair color and the gene the gene to have hair color.
