Exam 1 Biol 1201 (gregg) Study Guide
Questions with Actual Detailed
Answers.
plasma membrane - Answer The membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a
selective barrier, thereby regulating the cell's chemical composition.
Ribosomes - Answer complexes that make proteins; free in cytosol or bound to rough ER or
nuclear envelope
Golgi apparatus - Answer active in synthesis, modification, sorting, and secretion of cell
products
Lysosome - Answer digestive organelle where macromolecules are hydrolyzed, and
autophagy
Mitachondrion - Answer organelle where cellular respiration occurs and most ATP is
generated
Cytoskeleton - Answer reinforces cell's shape; functions in cell movement; components are
made of protein. Includes: Microfilaments, Intermediate filaments, Microtubules.
Endoplasmic Reticulum - Answer network of membranous sacs and tubes; active in
membrane synthesis and other synthetic and metabolic processes; has rough (ribosome-
studded) and smooth regions
Rough ER - Answer protein synthesis
Smooth ER - Answer lipid synthesis
calcium ion storage
poison detoxification
Nucleolus - Answer nonmembranous structure involved in production of ribosomes; a
nucleus has one or more nucleoli
Chromatin - Answer material consisting of DNA and proteins; visible in a dividing cell as
individual condensed chromosomes
, cell wall - Answer outer layer that maintains cell's shape and protects cell from mechanical
damage; made of cellulose, other polysaccharides, and protein
Chloroplast - Answer photosynthetic organelle; converts energy of sunlight to chemical
energy stored in sugar molecules
central vacuole - Answer prominent organelle in older plant cells; storage, breakdown of
waste products, hydrolysis of macromolecules; enlargement of vacuole major mechanism of
plant growth.
Part complete
The innermost electron shell of an atom can hold up to _____ electrons. - Answer 2
Which of these relationships is true of an uncharged atom? - Answer The number of protons
is equal to the number of electrons
What determines the types of chemical reactions that an atom participates in? - Answer the
number of electrons in the outermost electron shell
What type of bond is joining the two hydrogen atoms? - Answer covalent
A(n) _____ refers to two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. - Answer molecule
This atom can form up to _____ single covalent bond(s) - Answer 4
A(n) _____ bond joins these two oxygen atoms. - Answer double covalent
Part complete
What is the atomic number of an atom that has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons? -
Answer 6
Part complete
Which of these refers to atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic masses? -
Answer these atoms are isotopes
Fluorine's atomic number is 9 and its atomic mass is 19. How many neutrons does fluorine
have? - Answer 10
Questions with Actual Detailed
Answers.
plasma membrane - Answer The membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a
selective barrier, thereby regulating the cell's chemical composition.
Ribosomes - Answer complexes that make proteins; free in cytosol or bound to rough ER or
nuclear envelope
Golgi apparatus - Answer active in synthesis, modification, sorting, and secretion of cell
products
Lysosome - Answer digestive organelle where macromolecules are hydrolyzed, and
autophagy
Mitachondrion - Answer organelle where cellular respiration occurs and most ATP is
generated
Cytoskeleton - Answer reinforces cell's shape; functions in cell movement; components are
made of protein. Includes: Microfilaments, Intermediate filaments, Microtubules.
Endoplasmic Reticulum - Answer network of membranous sacs and tubes; active in
membrane synthesis and other synthetic and metabolic processes; has rough (ribosome-
studded) and smooth regions
Rough ER - Answer protein synthesis
Smooth ER - Answer lipid synthesis
calcium ion storage
poison detoxification
Nucleolus - Answer nonmembranous structure involved in production of ribosomes; a
nucleus has one or more nucleoli
Chromatin - Answer material consisting of DNA and proteins; visible in a dividing cell as
individual condensed chromosomes
, cell wall - Answer outer layer that maintains cell's shape and protects cell from mechanical
damage; made of cellulose, other polysaccharides, and protein
Chloroplast - Answer photosynthetic organelle; converts energy of sunlight to chemical
energy stored in sugar molecules
central vacuole - Answer prominent organelle in older plant cells; storage, breakdown of
waste products, hydrolysis of macromolecules; enlargement of vacuole major mechanism of
plant growth.
Part complete
The innermost electron shell of an atom can hold up to _____ electrons. - Answer 2
Which of these relationships is true of an uncharged atom? - Answer The number of protons
is equal to the number of electrons
What determines the types of chemical reactions that an atom participates in? - Answer the
number of electrons in the outermost electron shell
What type of bond is joining the two hydrogen atoms? - Answer covalent
A(n) _____ refers to two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. - Answer molecule
This atom can form up to _____ single covalent bond(s) - Answer 4
A(n) _____ bond joins these two oxygen atoms. - Answer double covalent
Part complete
What is the atomic number of an atom that has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons? -
Answer 6
Part complete
Which of these refers to atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic masses? -
Answer these atoms are isotopes
Fluorine's atomic number is 9 and its atomic mass is 19. How many neutrons does fluorine
have? - Answer 10
