SOCL 2001 Gremillion Exam 3 Test
Questions with Solved Solutions.
social equality - Answer power, prestige, or status based on nonnatural conventions exist
dialectic - Answer a two-directional relationship, following a pattern in which an original
statement or thesis is countered with an antithesis leading to a conclusion that unites the
strengths of the original position and the counterarguments
equality of opportunity - Answer the idea that everyone has an equal chance to achieve
wealth, social prestige, and power because the rules of the game, so to speak, are the same for
everyone
bourgeois society - Answer a society of commerce (modern capitalist society, for example) in
which the maximization of profit is the primary business incentive
equality of condition - Answer the idea that everyone should have an equal starting point
equality of outcome - Answer the idea that each player must end up with the same amount
regardless of the fairness of the "game"
free rider problem - Answer the notion that when more than one person is responsible for
getting something done, the incentive is for each individual to shirk responsibility and hope
others will pull the extra weight
estate system - Answer a politically based system of stratification characterized by limited
social mobility
caste system - Answer a religion-based system of stratification characterized by no social
mobility
class system - Answer an economically based hierarchical system characterized by cohesive,
oppositional groups and somewhat loose social mobility
proletariat - Answer the working class
bourgeoisie - Answer the capitalist class
, contradictory class locations - Answer the idea that people can occupy locations in the class
structure that fall between the two "pure" classes
status hierarchy system - Answer a system of stratification based on social prestige
elite-mass dichotomy system - Answer a system of stratification that has a governing elite, a
few leaders who broadly hold power in society
meritocracy - Answer a society where status and mobility are based on individual attributes,
ability, and achievement
socioeconomic status - Answer an individual's position in a stratified social order
income - Answer money received by a person for work, from transfers (gifts, inheritances, or
government assistance), or from returns on investments
wealth - Answer a family's or individual's net worth (that is, total assets minus total debts)
upper class - Answer a term for the economic elite
middle class - Answer a term commonly used to describe those individuals with nonmanual
jobs that pay significantly more than the poverty line—though this is a highly debated and
expansive category, particularly in the United States, where broad swathes of the population
consider themselves middle class
social mobility - Answer the movement between different positions within a system of social
stratification in any given society
structural mobility - Answer mobility that is inevitable from changes in the economy
exchange mobility - Answer mobility in which, if we hold fixed the changing distribution of
jobs, individuals trade jobs not one-to-one but in a way that ultimately balances out
status-attainment model - Answer approach that ranks individuals by socioeconomic status,
including income and educational attainment, and seeks to specify the attributes characteristic
of people who end up in more desirable occupations
Questions with Solved Solutions.
social equality - Answer power, prestige, or status based on nonnatural conventions exist
dialectic - Answer a two-directional relationship, following a pattern in which an original
statement or thesis is countered with an antithesis leading to a conclusion that unites the
strengths of the original position and the counterarguments
equality of opportunity - Answer the idea that everyone has an equal chance to achieve
wealth, social prestige, and power because the rules of the game, so to speak, are the same for
everyone
bourgeois society - Answer a society of commerce (modern capitalist society, for example) in
which the maximization of profit is the primary business incentive
equality of condition - Answer the idea that everyone should have an equal starting point
equality of outcome - Answer the idea that each player must end up with the same amount
regardless of the fairness of the "game"
free rider problem - Answer the notion that when more than one person is responsible for
getting something done, the incentive is for each individual to shirk responsibility and hope
others will pull the extra weight
estate system - Answer a politically based system of stratification characterized by limited
social mobility
caste system - Answer a religion-based system of stratification characterized by no social
mobility
class system - Answer an economically based hierarchical system characterized by cohesive,
oppositional groups and somewhat loose social mobility
proletariat - Answer the working class
bourgeoisie - Answer the capitalist class
, contradictory class locations - Answer the idea that people can occupy locations in the class
structure that fall between the two "pure" classes
status hierarchy system - Answer a system of stratification based on social prestige
elite-mass dichotomy system - Answer a system of stratification that has a governing elite, a
few leaders who broadly hold power in society
meritocracy - Answer a society where status and mobility are based on individual attributes,
ability, and achievement
socioeconomic status - Answer an individual's position in a stratified social order
income - Answer money received by a person for work, from transfers (gifts, inheritances, or
government assistance), or from returns on investments
wealth - Answer a family's or individual's net worth (that is, total assets minus total debts)
upper class - Answer a term for the economic elite
middle class - Answer a term commonly used to describe those individuals with nonmanual
jobs that pay significantly more than the poverty line—though this is a highly debated and
expansive category, particularly in the United States, where broad swathes of the population
consider themselves middle class
social mobility - Answer the movement between different positions within a system of social
stratification in any given society
structural mobility - Answer mobility that is inevitable from changes in the economy
exchange mobility - Answer mobility in which, if we hold fixed the changing distribution of
jobs, individuals trade jobs not one-to-one but in a way that ultimately balances out
status-attainment model - Answer approach that ranks individuals by socioeconomic status,
including income and educational attainment, and seeks to specify the attributes characteristic
of people who end up in more desirable occupations
