UTA BIOL 2458 A&P II Exam 3 Review Questions With
Complete Solutions
The main fluid compartment located within the cell
Intracellular
Fluid in the spaces between cells
Interstitial
Magnesium excess
Hypermagnesemia
Calcium depletion
Hypocalcemia
Sodium excess
Hypernatremia
Potassium excess
Hyperkalemia
Sodium depletion
Hyponatremia
An atypical accumulation of fluid in the interstitial space
Edema
Fluid loss, either the loss of water or the loss of water and
solutes together
Dehydration
,A disorder entailing deficient aldosterone production by the
adrenal cortex
Addison's disease
Regulates sodium ion concentrations in the extracellular fluid
Aldosterone
A condition due to excessive water intake that results in net
osmosis into tissue cells. This leads to severe metabolic
disturbances
Hyponatremia
The concentration of sodium ions is highest in ________.
Blood plasma
The concentration of potassium ions is highest in ________.
Intracellular fluid
The concentration of phosphate ions is highest in ________.
Intracellular fluid
The concentration of bicarbonate ions is highest in ________.
Interstitial fluid
The concentration of protein anions is highest in ________.
Intracellular fluid
Possibly caused by severe diarrhea or untreated diabetes
mellitus.
Metabolic acidosis
,Possibly occurring with emphysema, extreme obesity, or
narcotic overdose.
Respiratory acidosis
Possibly caused by asthma, pneumonia, or a severe panic attack.
Respiratory alkalosis
Possibly caused by vomiting, use of diuretics, or use of antacids.
Metabolic alkalosis
The body's water volume is closely tied to the level of which of
the following ions?
Sodium ions
The term hypotonic hydration refers to ________.
a condition that may result from renal insufficiency or drinking
excessive amounts of water
When antidiuretic hormone (ADH) levels are low, ________.
most of the water reaching the collecting ducts is not reabsorbed
Which of the following hormones is important in the regulation
of sodium ion concentrations in the extracellular fluid?
aldosterone
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a hormone that is made in the
atria of the heart. The influence of this hormone is to ________.
reduce blood pressure and blood volume by inhibiting sodium
and water retention
Respiratory acidosis can occur when ________.
, a person's breathing is shallow due to obstruction
Total body water is NOT a function of which of the following?
amount of water ingested
Which of the choices below is NOT an essential role of salts in
the body?
anabolism of lipids
Which of the choices below exerts primary control over sodium
levels in the body?
aldosterone
The fluid link between the external and internal environment is
________.
Plasma
In a car accident, Jane suffered a chest injury that resulted in
impaired breathing and respiratory acidosis. How will her body
compensate for this imbalance?
Kidneys retain bicarbonate ions.
Whereas sodium is found mainly in the extracellular fluid, most
________ is found in the intracellular fluid.
potassium
Which of the following describes the distribution of sodium and
potassium between cells and body fluids?
K+ mainly in the cells, Na+ in the body fluids
For bulk flow across capillary walls, ________.
Complete Solutions
The main fluid compartment located within the cell
Intracellular
Fluid in the spaces between cells
Interstitial
Magnesium excess
Hypermagnesemia
Calcium depletion
Hypocalcemia
Sodium excess
Hypernatremia
Potassium excess
Hyperkalemia
Sodium depletion
Hyponatremia
An atypical accumulation of fluid in the interstitial space
Edema
Fluid loss, either the loss of water or the loss of water and
solutes together
Dehydration
,A disorder entailing deficient aldosterone production by the
adrenal cortex
Addison's disease
Regulates sodium ion concentrations in the extracellular fluid
Aldosterone
A condition due to excessive water intake that results in net
osmosis into tissue cells. This leads to severe metabolic
disturbances
Hyponatremia
The concentration of sodium ions is highest in ________.
Blood plasma
The concentration of potassium ions is highest in ________.
Intracellular fluid
The concentration of phosphate ions is highest in ________.
Intracellular fluid
The concentration of bicarbonate ions is highest in ________.
Interstitial fluid
The concentration of protein anions is highest in ________.
Intracellular fluid
Possibly caused by severe diarrhea or untreated diabetes
mellitus.
Metabolic acidosis
,Possibly occurring with emphysema, extreme obesity, or
narcotic overdose.
Respiratory acidosis
Possibly caused by asthma, pneumonia, or a severe panic attack.
Respiratory alkalosis
Possibly caused by vomiting, use of diuretics, or use of antacids.
Metabolic alkalosis
The body's water volume is closely tied to the level of which of
the following ions?
Sodium ions
The term hypotonic hydration refers to ________.
a condition that may result from renal insufficiency or drinking
excessive amounts of water
When antidiuretic hormone (ADH) levels are low, ________.
most of the water reaching the collecting ducts is not reabsorbed
Which of the following hormones is important in the regulation
of sodium ion concentrations in the extracellular fluid?
aldosterone
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is a hormone that is made in the
atria of the heart. The influence of this hormone is to ________.
reduce blood pressure and blood volume by inhibiting sodium
and water retention
Respiratory acidosis can occur when ________.
, a person's breathing is shallow due to obstruction
Total body water is NOT a function of which of the following?
amount of water ingested
Which of the choices below is NOT an essential role of salts in
the body?
anabolism of lipids
Which of the choices below exerts primary control over sodium
levels in the body?
aldosterone
The fluid link between the external and internal environment is
________.
Plasma
In a car accident, Jane suffered a chest injury that resulted in
impaired breathing and respiratory acidosis. How will her body
compensate for this imbalance?
Kidneys retain bicarbonate ions.
Whereas sodium is found mainly in the extracellular fluid, most
________ is found in the intracellular fluid.
potassium
Which of the following describes the distribution of sodium and
potassium between cells and body fluids?
K+ mainly in the cells, Na+ in the body fluids
For bulk flow across capillary walls, ________.
