Test Bank for Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care 5th Edition – Brian K. Walsh | Complete Chapters | Verified Questions & Answers

TEST BANK 3



NEONATAL & PEDIATRIC RESPIRATOR
3 3 33



Y CARE 3



5th Edition, Walsh
3 3




TEST BANK 3

,Neonatal3and3Pediatric3Respiratory3Care,35th3Edition,3Brian3K.3Walsh3Test3Bank

Table3of3Contents
Chapter31.3Fetal3Lung3Development
Chapter32.3Fetal3Gas3Exchange3and3Circulation
Chapter33.3Antenatal3Assessment3and3High-Risk3Delivery
Chapter34.3Examination3and3Assessment3of3the3Neonatal3and3Pediatric3Patient
Chapter35.3Pulmonary3Function3Testing3and3Bedside3Pulmonary3Mechanics
Chapter36.3Radiographic3Assessment
Chapter37.3Pediatric3Flexible3Bronchoscopy
Chapter38.3Invasive3Blood3Gas3Analysis3and3Cardiovascular3Monitoring
Chapter39.3Noninvasive3Monitoring3in3Neonatal3and3Pediatric3Care
Chapter310.3Oxygen3Administration
Chapter311.3Aerosols3and3Administration3of3Inhaled3Medications
Chapter312.3Airway3Clearance3Techniques3and3Hyperinflation3Therapy
Chapter313.3Airway3Management
Chapter314.3Surfactant3Replacement3Therapy
Chapter315.3Noninvasive3Mechanical3Ventilation3and3Continuous3Positive3Pressure3of3the3Neonate
Chapter316.3Noninvasive3Mechanical3Ventilation3of3the3Infant3and3Child
Chapter317.3Invasive3Mechanical3Ventilation3of3the3Neonate3and3Pediatric3Patient
Chapter318.3Administration3of3Gas3Mixtures
Chapter319.3Extracorporeal3Membrane3Oxygenation
Chapter320.3Pharmacology
Chapter321.3Thoracic3Organ3Transplantation
Chapter322.3Neonatal3Pulmonary3Disorders
Chapter323.3Surgical3Disorders3in3Childhood3that3Affect3Respiratory3Care
Chapter324.3Congenital3Cardiac3Defects
Chapter325.3Pediatric3Sleep-Disordered3Breathing
Chapter326.3Pediatric3Airway3Disorders3and3Parenchymal3Lung3Diseases
Chapter327.3Asthma
Chapter328.3Cystic3Fibrosis
Chapter329.3Acute3Respiratory3Distress3Syndrome
Chapter330.3Shock
Chapter331.3Pediatric3Trauma
Chapter332.3Disorders3of3the3Pleura
Chapter333.3Neurological3and3Neuromuscular3Disorders
Chapter334.3Pediatric3Emergencies
Chapter335.3Home3Care3of3the3Postpartum3Family
Chapter336.3Quality3and3Safety

,Chapter31:3Fetal3Lung3Development
Walsh:3Neonatal3&3Pediatric3Respiratory3Care35th3Edition3Test3Bank3(2020)

MULTIPLE3CHOICE

1. Which3of3the3following3phases3of3human3lung3development3is3characterized3by3the3formatio
n3of3a3capillary3network3around3airway3passages?
a. Pseudoglandular
b. Saccular
c. Alveolar
d. Canalicular

ANS:3 D
The3canalicular3phase3follows3the3pseudoglandular3phase,3lasting3from3approximately3173we
eks3to3263weeks3of3gestation.3This3phase3is3so3named3because3of3the3appearance3of3vascular3c
hannels,3or3capillaries,3which3begin3to3grow3by3forming3a3capillary3network3around3the3air3
passages.3During3the3pseudoglandular3stage,3which3begins3at3day3523and3extends3to3week31
63of3gestation,3the3airway3system3subdivides3extensively3and3the3conducting3airway3system3
develops,3ending3with3the3terminal3bronchioles.3The3saccular3stage3of3development,3which3t
akes3place3from3weeks3293to3363of3gestation,3is3characterized3by3the3development3of3sacs3tha
t3later3become3alveoli.3During3the3saccular3phase,3a3tremendous3increase3in3the3potential3gas
-
3exchanging3surface 3area3occurs.3The3distinction3between3the 3saccular3stage 3and3the3alveola

r3stage3is3arbitrary.3The3alveolar3stage3stretches3from3393weeks3of3gestation3to3term.3This3sta
ge3is3represented3by3the3establishment3of3alveoli.

REF:3pp.3 3-5

2. Regarding3postnatal3lung3growth,3by3approximately3what3age3do3most3of3the3alveoli3that3wi
ll3be3present3in3the3lungs3for3life3develop?
a. 63months
b. 13year
c. 1.53years
d. 23years

ANS:3 C
Most3of3the3postnatal3formation3of3alveoli3in3the3infant3occurs3over3the3first31.53years3of3life.
3At323years3of3age,3the3number3of3alveoli3varies3substantially3among3individuals.3After323year

s3of3age,3males3have3more3alveoli3than3do3females.3After3alveolar3multiplication3ends,3the3al
veoli3continue3to3increase3in3size3until3thoracic3growth3is3completed.

REF:3 p.36

3. The3respiratory3therapist3is3evaluating3a3newborn3with3mild3respiratory3distress3due3to3trache
al3stenosis.3During3which3period3of3lung3development3did3this3problem3develop?

, a. Embryonal
b. Saccular
c. Canalicular
d. Alveolar
ANS:3 A
The3initial3structures3of3the3pulmonary3tree3develop3during3the3embryonal3stage.3Errors3in3d
evelopment3during3this3time3may3result3in3laryngeal,3tracheal,3or3esophageal3atresia3or3steno
sis.3Pulmonary3hypoplasia,3an3incomplete3development3of3the3lungs3characterized3by3an3abno
rmally3low3number3and/or3size3of3bronchopulmonary3segments3and/or3alveoli,3can3develop3
during3the3pseudoglandular3phase.3If3the3fetus3is3born3during3the3canalicular3phase3(i.e.,3pre
maturely),3severe3respiratory3distress3can3be3expected3because3the3inadequately3developed3a
irways,3along3with3insufficient3and3immature3surfactant3production3by3alveolar3type3II3cells,
3gives3rise 3to3the3constellation3of3problems3known3as3infant3respiratory 3distress3syndrome.



REF:3 3 p.36

4. Which3of3the3following3mechanisms3is3(are)3responsible3for3the3possible3association3betwee
n3oligohydramnios3and3lung3hypoplasia?

I. Abnormal3carbohydrate3metabolism
II. Mechanical3restriction3of3the3chest3wall
III. Interference3with3fetal3breathing
IV. Failure3to3produce3fetal3lung3liquid
a. I3and3 III3only
b. II3and3 III3only
c. I,3II,3and3 IV3only
d. II,3III,3and3IV3only

ANS:3 D
Oligohydramnios,3a3reduced3quantity3of3amniotic3fluid3present3for3an3extended3period3of3time
,3with3or3without3renal3anomalies,3is3associated3with3lung3hypoplasia.3The3mechanisms3by3w
hich3amniotic3fluid3volume3influences3lung3growth3remain3unclear.3Possible3explanations3for3r
educed3quantity3of3amniotic3fluid3include3mechanical3restriction3of3the3chest3wall,3interferen
ce3with3fetal3breathing,3or3failure3to3produce3fetal3lung3liquid.3These3clinical3and3experiment
al3observations3possibly3point3to3a3common3denominator,3lung3stretch,3as3being3a3major3gro
wth3stimulant.

REF:3pp.36-7

5. What3is3the3purpose3of3the3substance3secreted3by3the3type3 II3pneumocyte?
a. To3increase3the3gas3exchange3surface3area
b. To3reduce3surface3tension
c. To3maintain3lung3elasticity
d. To3preserve3the3volume3of3the3amniotic3fluid