MB (ASCP) Compiled Review
Exam Questions and Answers
100% PASS
Primary Structure—ANSWER-Sequence of Amino Acids
Secondary Structure—ANSWER-Hydrogen-bonding of the peptide backbone causes the
amino acid to fold into a repeating pattern
Ex. Alpha Helices and Beta-Pleated Sheets
Tertiary Structure—ANSWER-Secondary structures further folding due to side-chain
interactions; if Denatured, Loses Function
Quaternary Structure—ANSWER-Protein consisting of more than one amino acid chain.
Example: Hemoglobin (A Tetramer)
UAA, UAG, UGA—ANSWER-Nonsense/Termination/Stop Codons
UAA = U ARE ANNOYING
UAG = U ARE GONE
UGA = U GO AWAY
Amino Acid Charging—ANSWER-Catalyzed by Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetase; Mg+2 Dependent
, AUG—ANSWER-Start Codon (Methionine)
Size Exclusion Columns—ANSWER-Porous Beads that exclude larger molecules and retain
smaller molecules
Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP)—ANSWER-Short ds PCR products
denatured then rapidly cooled; fold into conformers; resolve on gel; mutations cause
different conformation and migration patterns
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE)—ANSWER-dsDNA fragments separated on
PAGE with gradient concentration of urea and formamide
Sequence Specific Primer PCR (SSP-PCR)—ANSWER-3' Primer end falls on nucleotide to be
analyzed; 3' end will need to match the template to be extended by Taq; the
presence/absence of product = presence/absence of mutation
Size of the Human Genome—ANSWER-2.9 Billion bp
Polymorphism—ANSWER-Change in DNA sequence present in at least 1-2% of the
population
Alpha Satellite—ANSWER-Highly repetitive sequences at the centromere, these interfere
with chromosome compaction and therefore cause constriction at centromere
Metacentric—ANSWER-Chromosomal arms equal in length
Sub-Metacentric—ANSWER-Q arm is longer than the P arm
Acrocentric—ANSWER-P arm is extremely small and the Q arm is of normal size
Telocentric—ANSWER-There is only presence of the Q arm
© 2026 Copyright. All Rights Reserved. This document is
protected by copyright law, Copyrighted By Brittie Donald
Exam Questions and Answers
100% PASS
Primary Structure—ANSWER-Sequence of Amino Acids
Secondary Structure—ANSWER-Hydrogen-bonding of the peptide backbone causes the
amino acid to fold into a repeating pattern
Ex. Alpha Helices and Beta-Pleated Sheets
Tertiary Structure—ANSWER-Secondary structures further folding due to side-chain
interactions; if Denatured, Loses Function
Quaternary Structure—ANSWER-Protein consisting of more than one amino acid chain.
Example: Hemoglobin (A Tetramer)
UAA, UAG, UGA—ANSWER-Nonsense/Termination/Stop Codons
UAA = U ARE ANNOYING
UAG = U ARE GONE
UGA = U GO AWAY
Amino Acid Charging—ANSWER-Catalyzed by Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetase; Mg+2 Dependent
, AUG—ANSWER-Start Codon (Methionine)
Size Exclusion Columns—ANSWER-Porous Beads that exclude larger molecules and retain
smaller molecules
Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP)—ANSWER-Short ds PCR products
denatured then rapidly cooled; fold into conformers; resolve on gel; mutations cause
different conformation and migration patterns
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE)—ANSWER-dsDNA fragments separated on
PAGE with gradient concentration of urea and formamide
Sequence Specific Primer PCR (SSP-PCR)—ANSWER-3' Primer end falls on nucleotide to be
analyzed; 3' end will need to match the template to be extended by Taq; the
presence/absence of product = presence/absence of mutation
Size of the Human Genome—ANSWER-2.9 Billion bp
Polymorphism—ANSWER-Change in DNA sequence present in at least 1-2% of the
population
Alpha Satellite—ANSWER-Highly repetitive sequences at the centromere, these interfere
with chromosome compaction and therefore cause constriction at centromere
Metacentric—ANSWER-Chromosomal arms equal in length
Sub-Metacentric—ANSWER-Q arm is longer than the P arm
Acrocentric—ANSWER-P arm is extremely small and the Q arm is of normal size
Telocentric—ANSWER-There is only presence of the Q arm
© 2026 Copyright. All Rights Reserved. This document is
protected by copyright law, Copyrighted By Brittie Donald
