NSG 5000 FINAL REVIEW TERMS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026
Benchmark - Answers Point of reference for comparison
Benchmarking - Answers Process used to compare an individual's (organization's) outcomes with
those of high performers
Performance benchmark - Answers In health care, an ideal practice standard target that has been
achieved by some group or organization known for its quality of services
Comparative Effectiveness Research - Answers Research evidence generated from studies comparing
drugs, medical devices, tests, or ways to deliver health care
Dashboard - Answers Visual representation of data to enable review, analysis, and tracking of data
trends
Disease management - Answers Organized process focusing on patient's disease as target of interest,
with improvements in outcomes seen as a result of attention to attributes or characteristics of disease
Outcomes management - Answers Implementation of interventions to achieve a desired effect
Effectiveness - Answers Extent to which interventions or actions taken in clinical settings perform as
desired with defined populations
Efficiency - Answers Effects achieved by some intervention in relation to effort expended in terms of
money, resources, time
Evidence-based practice - Answers Integration of research findings (evidence) into clinical decision
making and care delivery processes; Best evidence: Derived from methodologically sound research
that is theory-derived, consistent with patient needs and preferences, and clinically relevant; Practice
guidelines: Systematically developed recommendations or strategies to assist health care decision
making
Impact measurement - Answers Analysis of difference in targeted outcome measure and growth of
practice systems resulting from use of outcomes management process
Metric (measures, indicators) - Answers Define parameters for structure, process, or outcome
depending on their level
Outcome - Answers Results of an intervention; changes in the recipient of an intervention; May be
intended or unintended and reflect positive or untoward results such as complications
Outcome(s) assessment - Answers Evaluation of the observed results of some action or intervention
for recipients of services
Outcome indicators, metrics or measures - Answers Results of interventions, including use of new
structures or processes on service recipients; Measures should be clearly defined to ensure validity
and reliability
Intermediate outcome indicators - Answers Surrogate measure that are theoretically similar and
measured proximal to a definitive target outcome
Outcome(s) management - Answers Enhancement of outcomes, through development,
implementation, and ongoing study of impact of interventions, actions, or process changes
Outcome(s) measurement - Answers Collection, analysis and reporting of reliable and valid outcome
indicators
Outcome(s) research or patient-centered outcomes (PCOR) - Answers Use of scientific method to
measure the result of interventions on targeted patient health outcomes; Target examination of
aggregate results in relation to changes in structure and processes
Performance (process) improvement - Answers Activities designed to increase the quality of services
provided; primary attention on the interventions delivered; CQI is subsumed within PI
Performance evaluation (assessment) - Answers Assessment of individual achievement and
attainment of personal, professional, and organizational goals
Process indicator/measure - Answers Measure of visible behavior or action undertaken by care
provider to deliver care
Program evaluation - Answers Assessment of quality and structure and processes within system of
care designed to serve specific patient population
Proxy indicators - Answers Indirect measure of some anticipated outcome that is used when a direct
measure cannot be obtained or when an accurate indicator has not been identified
Quality of care - Answers Degree to which health services for individuals and populations increase the
likelihood of desired health outcomes and are consistent with professional knowledge; A dimension
of process and structure of care, not an outcome
Benchmark - Answers Point of reference for comparison
Benchmarking - Answers Process used to compare an individual's (organization's) outcomes with
those of high performers
Performance benchmark - Answers In health care, an ideal practice standard target that has been
achieved by some group or organization known for its quality of services
Comparative Effectiveness Research - Answers Research evidence generated from studies comparing
drugs, medical devices, tests, or ways to deliver health care
Dashboard - Answers Visual representation of data to enable review, analysis, and tracking of data
trends
Disease management - Answers Organized process focusing on patient's disease as target of interest,
with improvements in outcomes seen as a result of attention to attributes or characteristics of disease
Outcomes management - Answers Implementation of interventions to achieve a desired effect
Effectiveness - Answers Extent to which interventions or actions taken in clinical settings perform as
desired with defined populations
Efficiency - Answers Effects achieved by some intervention in relation to effort expended in terms of
money, resources, time
Evidence-based practice - Answers Integration of research findings (evidence) into clinical decision
making and care delivery processes; Best evidence: Derived from methodologically sound research
that is theory-derived, consistent with patient needs and preferences, and clinically relevant; Practice
guidelines: Systematically developed recommendations or strategies to assist health care decision
making
Impact measurement - Answers Analysis of difference in targeted outcome measure and growth of
practice systems resulting from use of outcomes management process
Metric (measures, indicators) - Answers Define parameters for structure, process, or outcome
depending on their level
Outcome - Answers Results of an intervention; changes in the recipient of an intervention; May be
intended or unintended and reflect positive or untoward results such as complications
Outcome(s) assessment - Answers Evaluation of the observed results of some action or intervention
for recipients of services
Outcome indicators, metrics or measures - Answers Results of interventions, including use of new
structures or processes on service recipients; Measures should be clearly defined to ensure validity
and reliability
Intermediate outcome indicators - Answers Surrogate measure that are theoretically similar and
measured proximal to a definitive target outcome
Outcome(s) management - Answers Enhancement of outcomes, through development,
implementation, and ongoing study of impact of interventions, actions, or process changes
Outcome(s) measurement - Answers Collection, analysis and reporting of reliable and valid outcome
indicators
Outcome(s) research or patient-centered outcomes (PCOR) - Answers Use of scientific method to
measure the result of interventions on targeted patient health outcomes; Target examination of
aggregate results in relation to changes in structure and processes
Performance (process) improvement - Answers Activities designed to increase the quality of services
provided; primary attention on the interventions delivered; CQI is subsumed within PI
Performance evaluation (assessment) - Answers Assessment of individual achievement and
attainment of personal, professional, and organizational goals
Process indicator/measure - Answers Measure of visible behavior or action undertaken by care
provider to deliver care
Program evaluation - Answers Assessment of quality and structure and processes within system of
care designed to serve specific patient population
Proxy indicators - Answers Indirect measure of some anticipated outcome that is used when a direct
measure cannot be obtained or when an accurate indicator has not been identified
Quality of care - Answers Degree to which health services for individuals and populations increase the
likelihood of desired health outcomes and are consistent with professional knowledge; A dimension
of process and structure of care, not an outcome
