BIOL 2458 - Chapter 28: Pregnancy Final Exam Questions
With Complete Solutions
What functions does the Placenta provide?
Nutritive, respiratory, excretory, and endocrine functions to the
fetus.
What are the components of the Umbilical cord?
Two umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein.
What is the function of the Umbilical arteries?
Transport deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta.
What is the function of the Umbilical vein?
Transport oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus.
What is the Embryonic Portion of the placenta?
Arises from the trophoblast and forms the chorion and its
extensions (chorionic villi).
What is the Maternal Portion of the placenta?
Includes the decidua basalis and decidua capsularis.
Do maternal and fetal blood supplies intermix?
No, but some fetal cells may enter maternal circulation.
What is Neurulation?
The 1st major event of organogenesis
What is the Neural Plate?
, Thickening of ectoderm over the notochord.
What happens during Neural Plate folding?
folds inward, forming folds that eventually fuse into a Neural
Tube.
What does the anterior end of the neural tube form?
The brain.
What does the rest of the neural tube form?
The spinal cord.
What do Neural Crest Cells form?
Cranial, spinal, and sympathetic ganglia and nerves, chromaffin
cells of the adrenal medulla, and pigment cells of the skin.
What other structures arise from the ectoderm?
Epidermis, hair, nails, glands or skin.
What structures develop from the endoderm?
Primitive gut, mucosal lining of GI tract, mucosal lining of
respiratory tract, glands
What are the three aggregates that appear laterally of the
notochord?
Somites, Intermediate Mesoderm, Lateral Mesoderm
What are the cell types found in somites?
Sclerotome cells (vertebra and ribs), Dermatome cells · (dermis
of skin for dorsal body), Myotome cells (skeletal muscles of
neck, trunk, and limbs)
With Complete Solutions
What functions does the Placenta provide?
Nutritive, respiratory, excretory, and endocrine functions to the
fetus.
What are the components of the Umbilical cord?
Two umbilical arteries and one umbilical vein.
What is the function of the Umbilical arteries?
Transport deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta.
What is the function of the Umbilical vein?
Transport oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus.
What is the Embryonic Portion of the placenta?
Arises from the trophoblast and forms the chorion and its
extensions (chorionic villi).
What is the Maternal Portion of the placenta?
Includes the decidua basalis and decidua capsularis.
Do maternal and fetal blood supplies intermix?
No, but some fetal cells may enter maternal circulation.
What is Neurulation?
The 1st major event of organogenesis
What is the Neural Plate?
, Thickening of ectoderm over the notochord.
What happens during Neural Plate folding?
folds inward, forming folds that eventually fuse into a Neural
Tube.
What does the anterior end of the neural tube form?
The brain.
What does the rest of the neural tube form?
The spinal cord.
What do Neural Crest Cells form?
Cranial, spinal, and sympathetic ganglia and nerves, chromaffin
cells of the adrenal medulla, and pigment cells of the skin.
What other structures arise from the ectoderm?
Epidermis, hair, nails, glands or skin.
What structures develop from the endoderm?
Primitive gut, mucosal lining of GI tract, mucosal lining of
respiratory tract, glands
What are the three aggregates that appear laterally of the
notochord?
Somites, Intermediate Mesoderm, Lateral Mesoderm
What are the cell types found in somites?
Sclerotome cells (vertebra and ribs), Dermatome cells · (dermis
of skin for dorsal body), Myotome cells (skeletal muscles of
neck, trunk, and limbs)
