PSYC 333 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026
_____ attachment refers to a relationship in which an infant obtains both comfort and confidence
from the presence of his or her caregiver. - Answers Secure
The primary feature of caregivers of insecure-resistant infants is the caregivers' tendency to be _____
in their early caregiving. - Answers inconsistent
Young Torrence continues playing when his mother leaves the room and ignores her when she
returns. Torrence most likely has a(n) _____ attachment pattern. - Answers insecure-avoidant
Research suggests that elementary school children with insecure attachments to both parents are -
Answers especially prone to problem behaviors such as aggression and defiance
Behaviorists believe that the basis for attachment was - Answers food such as breast milk
The SLC6A4 gene, formerly known as 5HTT, is a variant frequently associated with reactivity and
vulnerability in the face of stress and is part of the _____ system. - Answers serotonin
John Bowlby believed that children are biologically predisposed to develop attachments to caregivers
as a means of increasing the chances of their own survival. This is called - Answers attachment theory
Jackson is a 3-year-old that is being raised by parents who demonstrate parental sensitivity. According
to studies cited in your text, Jackson will likely grow up to be: - Answers better adjusted and more
socially skilled
Researchers have found that an infant's behavior in the Strange Situation, compared to his or her
behavior at home - Answers tends to be the same
In general, experimental interventions with caregivers who were depressed that were designed to
improve the caregiver's attachment to his or her child(ren) have found - Answers success in improving
the quality of mother-infant attachment
Which attachment pattern involves infants or young children who seem somewhat indifferent toward
their caregiver and may even avoid the caregiver and may be easily comforted by a stranger? -
Answers insecure-avoidant
Children's security of attachment is related to their later psychological, social, and _____ functioning.
- Answers cognitive
According to Mary Ainsworth, a child with insecure-resistant attachment will - Answers continue to
show signs of distress when the mother returns after a brief absence
The concept of differential susceptibility involves the idea that an infant's genetic makeup affects the
degree to which his or her - Answers
John Bowlby replaced the psychoanalytic notion of a "needy, dependent infant" with the idea of a
"competence-motivated infant" who uses his or her primary caregiver as a(n) _____ base. - Answers
secure
David and Sonya have a 3-month-old infant, they provide expressions of warmth and contingent
responsiveness to their baby, such as when the baby requires assistance or are in distress. David and
Sonya are demonstrating: - Answers parental sensitivity
One-year-old Tom rarely acts nervous in new situations and pays little attention to his mother's
presence or absence. Tom would MOST likely be classified as having a(n) _____ attachment style. -
Answers insecure-avoidant
Rebecca takes her 1-year-old son, Adam, to visit an infant-toddler program in which she hopes to
enroll him. Adam appears very anxious and is unwilling to explore and play with the toys, even though
Rebecca is close by. When Rebecca leaves the room to fill out some forms, Adam becomes extremely
upset and remains inconsolable until Rebecca returns, at which point he stays close to her, holding
onto her leg. However, Adam makes it very clear he does not want her to touch him or pick him up.
Adam's attachment style is MOST likely - Answers insecure-resistant
Ricardo is learning about the different styles of attachment in children and he observes a day-care
center to see if he can distinguish the different types. He notices two children who are dropped off
and begin to cry and are clearly upset by the separation. One child is clinging to his mother's coat as
she tries to reassure him. He also noticed that when their mothers returned, they seemed to rebuff
her efforts to comfort them. These children are displaying behaviors MOST commonly associated with
a(n) _____ style of attachment. - Answers insecure-resistant/ambivalent
What hallmark of adolescent egocentrism is characterized by the adolescent's belief that his or her
thoughts, feelings, and experiences are unique? - Answers the personal fable
, The first step of the coming-out process for sexual-minority youth involves several developmental
phases. The first phase is called - Answers first recognition
The personal fable and the imaginary audience are both related to - Answers adolescent egocentrism
In 2016, approximately _____ of high school students in the United States identified as gay, lesbian, or
bisexual. - Answers 8%
In the "body-as-obstacle" task, children are made to stand on a mat that is attached to a toy cart and
are then encouraged to push the cart to their mothers. Children who realize they must step off the
mat in order to push the cart are considered to have a sense of - Answers self-concept
An individual's sense of belonging to an ethnic or racial group, including the degree to which he or she
associates his or her thinking, perceptions, feelings, and behavior with membership in that group, is
called one's _____ identity. - Answers ethnic
The tendency to assess one's own abilities by measuring them against the abilities of other people is
known as - Answers social comparison
A longitudinal study followed 79 lesbian, bisexual, and unlabeled women, ages 18 to 25, over a 10-
year period. Approximately _____ changed the identity labels they had claimed at the beginning of
the study. - Answers two-thirds
The period between ages 2 and 3, also known as the "terrible twos," is conceptualized in the text as a
"self-assertion." This ultimately branches from the child's - Answers awareness of self
The larger factors related to the development of children's self-esteem do NOT include - Answers
functioning involving large global changes
Researchers have found that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) typically refer to
themselves in the third person, have difficulties differentiating themselves from other people, and
have trouble with the rouge test or mirror recognition test. This indicates that children with ASD have
problems with - Answers self-awareness
Greg is sexually attracted to other men. This tendency would be referred to as his - Answers sexual
orientation
Bonnie loves to dress eccentrically, dyes her hair wild colors, and has many facial piercings. She
believes that everyone is looking at her when she goes out in public. Bonnie seems to have created
a(n) - Answers imaginary audience
Emma, who is in the 4th grade, announces to her mother, "I am the fastest runner in my class, but not
in the entire school." Emma is engaging in - Answers social comparison
When 6-year-old Juanita is asked by her teacher to tell the class something about herself, Juanita
says, "I am good at soccer and I am a good helper at home." Juanita is describing her - Answers self-
concept
The "typical" need for teenagers to look and behave a certain way is MOST likely related to - Answers
the imaginary audience
It is common for adolescents to believe that others - Answers are as egocentric as they are
Sixteen-year-old Jade is reading books about different religions and philosophies. She is also trying out
different approaches as to how she should live her life. Jade's example reflects an identity status that
Marcia called - Answers moratorium
Typical 2- to 6-year-olds have immodest _____. - Answers self-concepts
Twelve-year-old José noticed that his teacher walked right past him in class today without looking his
way. The teacher stopped at the desk behind José and told his classmate that she did a good job on
her exam yesterday. José interpreted his teacher's behavior as proof that his teacher hates him. This
conclusion is likely reflective of - Answers imaginary audience
Older adolescents' self-concept frequently - Answers reflects internalized personal values, beliefs, and
standards
A positive outcome of developing social comparison helps children to - Answers value their abilities
Steven has never successfully developed a secure attachment with anyone. Which statement is MOST
likely true of Steven's behavior? - Answers he is more prone to problem behaviors than are securely
attached children
Studies of children who no longer live with their abusive or neglectful parents have taught us what
about infant attachment? - Answers the biological drive for attachment is powerful enough to
overcome painful or frightening situations of abuse
Trisha and her brother Tyler are siblings growing up in an adverse environment. Trisha has two copies
of the DRD4 dopamine receptor gene and has a disorganized/disoriented attachment style. Tyler has
_____ attachment refers to a relationship in which an infant obtains both comfort and confidence
from the presence of his or her caregiver. - Answers Secure
The primary feature of caregivers of insecure-resistant infants is the caregivers' tendency to be _____
in their early caregiving. - Answers inconsistent
Young Torrence continues playing when his mother leaves the room and ignores her when she
returns. Torrence most likely has a(n) _____ attachment pattern. - Answers insecure-avoidant
Research suggests that elementary school children with insecure attachments to both parents are -
Answers especially prone to problem behaviors such as aggression and defiance
Behaviorists believe that the basis for attachment was - Answers food such as breast milk
The SLC6A4 gene, formerly known as 5HTT, is a variant frequently associated with reactivity and
vulnerability in the face of stress and is part of the _____ system. - Answers serotonin
John Bowlby believed that children are biologically predisposed to develop attachments to caregivers
as a means of increasing the chances of their own survival. This is called - Answers attachment theory
Jackson is a 3-year-old that is being raised by parents who demonstrate parental sensitivity. According
to studies cited in your text, Jackson will likely grow up to be: - Answers better adjusted and more
socially skilled
Researchers have found that an infant's behavior in the Strange Situation, compared to his or her
behavior at home - Answers tends to be the same
In general, experimental interventions with caregivers who were depressed that were designed to
improve the caregiver's attachment to his or her child(ren) have found - Answers success in improving
the quality of mother-infant attachment
Which attachment pattern involves infants or young children who seem somewhat indifferent toward
their caregiver and may even avoid the caregiver and may be easily comforted by a stranger? -
Answers insecure-avoidant
Children's security of attachment is related to their later psychological, social, and _____ functioning.
- Answers cognitive
According to Mary Ainsworth, a child with insecure-resistant attachment will - Answers continue to
show signs of distress when the mother returns after a brief absence
The concept of differential susceptibility involves the idea that an infant's genetic makeup affects the
degree to which his or her - Answers
John Bowlby replaced the psychoanalytic notion of a "needy, dependent infant" with the idea of a
"competence-motivated infant" who uses his or her primary caregiver as a(n) _____ base. - Answers
secure
David and Sonya have a 3-month-old infant, they provide expressions of warmth and contingent
responsiveness to their baby, such as when the baby requires assistance or are in distress. David and
Sonya are demonstrating: - Answers parental sensitivity
One-year-old Tom rarely acts nervous in new situations and pays little attention to his mother's
presence or absence. Tom would MOST likely be classified as having a(n) _____ attachment style. -
Answers insecure-avoidant
Rebecca takes her 1-year-old son, Adam, to visit an infant-toddler program in which she hopes to
enroll him. Adam appears very anxious and is unwilling to explore and play with the toys, even though
Rebecca is close by. When Rebecca leaves the room to fill out some forms, Adam becomes extremely
upset and remains inconsolable until Rebecca returns, at which point he stays close to her, holding
onto her leg. However, Adam makes it very clear he does not want her to touch him or pick him up.
Adam's attachment style is MOST likely - Answers insecure-resistant
Ricardo is learning about the different styles of attachment in children and he observes a day-care
center to see if he can distinguish the different types. He notices two children who are dropped off
and begin to cry and are clearly upset by the separation. One child is clinging to his mother's coat as
she tries to reassure him. He also noticed that when their mothers returned, they seemed to rebuff
her efforts to comfort them. These children are displaying behaviors MOST commonly associated with
a(n) _____ style of attachment. - Answers insecure-resistant/ambivalent
What hallmark of adolescent egocentrism is characterized by the adolescent's belief that his or her
thoughts, feelings, and experiences are unique? - Answers the personal fable
, The first step of the coming-out process for sexual-minority youth involves several developmental
phases. The first phase is called - Answers first recognition
The personal fable and the imaginary audience are both related to - Answers adolescent egocentrism
In 2016, approximately _____ of high school students in the United States identified as gay, lesbian, or
bisexual. - Answers 8%
In the "body-as-obstacle" task, children are made to stand on a mat that is attached to a toy cart and
are then encouraged to push the cart to their mothers. Children who realize they must step off the
mat in order to push the cart are considered to have a sense of - Answers self-concept
An individual's sense of belonging to an ethnic or racial group, including the degree to which he or she
associates his or her thinking, perceptions, feelings, and behavior with membership in that group, is
called one's _____ identity. - Answers ethnic
The tendency to assess one's own abilities by measuring them against the abilities of other people is
known as - Answers social comparison
A longitudinal study followed 79 lesbian, bisexual, and unlabeled women, ages 18 to 25, over a 10-
year period. Approximately _____ changed the identity labels they had claimed at the beginning of
the study. - Answers two-thirds
The period between ages 2 and 3, also known as the "terrible twos," is conceptualized in the text as a
"self-assertion." This ultimately branches from the child's - Answers awareness of self
The larger factors related to the development of children's self-esteem do NOT include - Answers
functioning involving large global changes
Researchers have found that children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) typically refer to
themselves in the third person, have difficulties differentiating themselves from other people, and
have trouble with the rouge test or mirror recognition test. This indicates that children with ASD have
problems with - Answers self-awareness
Greg is sexually attracted to other men. This tendency would be referred to as his - Answers sexual
orientation
Bonnie loves to dress eccentrically, dyes her hair wild colors, and has many facial piercings. She
believes that everyone is looking at her when she goes out in public. Bonnie seems to have created
a(n) - Answers imaginary audience
Emma, who is in the 4th grade, announces to her mother, "I am the fastest runner in my class, but not
in the entire school." Emma is engaging in - Answers social comparison
When 6-year-old Juanita is asked by her teacher to tell the class something about herself, Juanita
says, "I am good at soccer and I am a good helper at home." Juanita is describing her - Answers self-
concept
The "typical" need for teenagers to look and behave a certain way is MOST likely related to - Answers
the imaginary audience
It is common for adolescents to believe that others - Answers are as egocentric as they are
Sixteen-year-old Jade is reading books about different religions and philosophies. She is also trying out
different approaches as to how she should live her life. Jade's example reflects an identity status that
Marcia called - Answers moratorium
Typical 2- to 6-year-olds have immodest _____. - Answers self-concepts
Twelve-year-old José noticed that his teacher walked right past him in class today without looking his
way. The teacher stopped at the desk behind José and told his classmate that she did a good job on
her exam yesterday. José interpreted his teacher's behavior as proof that his teacher hates him. This
conclusion is likely reflective of - Answers imaginary audience
Older adolescents' self-concept frequently - Answers reflects internalized personal values, beliefs, and
standards
A positive outcome of developing social comparison helps children to - Answers value their abilities
Steven has never successfully developed a secure attachment with anyone. Which statement is MOST
likely true of Steven's behavior? - Answers he is more prone to problem behaviors than are securely
attached children
Studies of children who no longer live with their abusive or neglectful parents have taught us what
about infant attachment? - Answers the biological drive for attachment is powerful enough to
overcome painful or frightening situations of abuse
Trisha and her brother Tyler are siblings growing up in an adverse environment. Trisha has two copies
of the DRD4 dopamine receptor gene and has a disorganized/disoriented attachment style. Tyler has
