Human Biology Chapter 1: Exploring Life and Science Exam Questions with Verified Answers

Human Biology Chapter 1: Exploring Life and Science Exam Questions with Verified Answers /.What are some shared characteristic between living organisms? - Answer-Are organized, homeostatic, acquire materials and energy, respond to stimuli, reproduce and have potential for growth, and have an evolutionary history /.What is the basic level of life? - Answer-Atoms that join together to form molecules /.Cell - Answer-the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism /.Tissue - Answer-a group of similar cells that perform a particular function /.Nervous Tissue - Answer-composed of millions of nerve cells that transmit signals to all parts of the body /.Organ - Answer-made up of several types of tissues, and each organ belongs to an organ system /.Organism - Answer-a collection of organ systems /.What are examples of organisms? - Answer-Trees and humans /.Population - Answer-members of similar organisms within a particular area /.Species - Answer-all of the populations of similar organisms that are capable of interbreeding are collectively called this /.Community - Answer-interacting populations in a given area /.Ecosystem - Answer-the community of populations interacts with the physical environment to form this /.Biosphere - Answer- /.Energy - Answer-the capacity to do work; can exist in many forms, such as potential and kinetic energy /.Nutrient Molecules - Answer-some are broken down completely to provide the energy necessary to convert other nutrient molecules into the parts and products of cells /.Metabolism - Answer-the sum of all the chemical reactions that occur within a cell or organism; the breakdown of food is a component /.Photosynthesis - Answer-take the energy converted from the sun and convert it to chemical energy by this process /.Homeostasis - Answer-the maintenance of normal internal conditions in a cell or an organism by means of self-regulating mechanisms /.What is the normal body temperature of a human? - Answer-36.5-37.5°C or 97.7-99.5°F /.What is the typical human body temperature dependent upon? - Answer-dependent on external temp., cardiovascular system, and the nervous system /.Development - Answer-used to indicate all the changes that occur from the time the egg is fertilized until death /.DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) - Answer-contains the hereditary information that directs not only the structure of each cell but also its function /.Genes - Answer-short sequences of hereditary material that specify the instructions for a specific trait /.Mutations - Answer-minor variations in the genes that can cause an organism to be better suited for its environment; are the basis of evolutionary change /.Evolution - Answer-the process by which a population changes over time /.Natural Selection - Answer-mechanism of evolutionary change resulting in adaptation to the environment /.Adaptation - Answer-organism's modification in structure, function, or behavior suitable to the environment /.Hemoglobin - Answer-the oxygen-carrying pigment in blood; Increase in hemoglobin thickens the consistency of blood and makes it more viscous