Drugs used for GI/Antiemetic’s ACTUAL EXAM NEWEST
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW
VERSION!!
What is an alternative regimen for PUD when the rates of clarithromycin
resistance are low and the patient hasn't had any recent used of a
macrolide?
PPI + Clarithromycin + Amoxicillin or Metronidazole
-2 week regimen followed with 6 weeks of PPI
-Clarithromycin is a hard drug to take and if the person doesn't take it for the
full 2 weeks it wont work
What stimulates HCl production in the stomach?
-Histamine
-Acetylcholine
-Gastrin
How do H2 blockers work?
By competitively and selectively blocking the H2 blockers
-decreases HCl levels
-does not effect H1 receptors
,What are some H2 blockers?
-Cimetidine (Tagamet)
-Famotidine (Pepcid)
-Nizatidine (Axid)
-Ranitidine (Zantac)
What is the prototype H2 blocker?
Cimetidine (Tagamet)
Why is cimetidine use limited?
Has a lot of adverse drug effects
What are H2 blockers used to treat?
-Peptic ulcers
-Acute stress ulcers
-GERD
Recurrence is common if use only use an H2 blocker to treat ulcers caused by?
H. Pylori
What should be used to treat PUD caused by NSAIDs?
PPIs
-they are more effective
,How are stress ulcers treated?
-IV H2 blockers
-IV PPIs
How long does it take for an H2 blocker to start relieving pain from GERD?
45 minutes
-antacids work faster but don't last as long
What is the first-line drug for treating GERD?
PPIs
Do H2 blockers cross into breastmilk and the placenta?
Yes
The dose of H2 blockers needs to be adjusted in those with?
Renal dx
-half life is prolonged
What are the adverse drug effects of cimetidine?
-Gynecomastia
-Galactorrhea
-Confusion (older adults and IV administration)
, H2 blockers can affect the efficacy and absorption of what kinds of drugs?
Drugs that need an acidic environment
-ketoconazole
Cimetidine inhibits many CYP 450 enzymes and can interfere with the metabolism
of?
-Warfarin
-Phenytoin
-Clopidogrel
-Many others
How do PPIs work?
Irreversibly bind to the gastric H+/K+ -ATPase pump in parietal cells
-shuts down proton pump and blocks gastric acid secretion
What are the different types of PPIs?
-Lansoprazole (Prevacid)
-Dexlansoprazole (Dexilant)
-Omeprazole (Prilosec)
-Esomeprazole (Nexium)
-Pantoprazole (Protonix)
-Rabeprazole (Aciphex)
PPIs are effective for how long?
18 hours
-however they take awhile to start working because they are enterically
coated and need to be converted to their active form first
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+||BRAND NEW
VERSION!!
What is an alternative regimen for PUD when the rates of clarithromycin
resistance are low and the patient hasn't had any recent used of a
macrolide?
PPI + Clarithromycin + Amoxicillin or Metronidazole
-2 week regimen followed with 6 weeks of PPI
-Clarithromycin is a hard drug to take and if the person doesn't take it for the
full 2 weeks it wont work
What stimulates HCl production in the stomach?
-Histamine
-Acetylcholine
-Gastrin
How do H2 blockers work?
By competitively and selectively blocking the H2 blockers
-decreases HCl levels
-does not effect H1 receptors
,What are some H2 blockers?
-Cimetidine (Tagamet)
-Famotidine (Pepcid)
-Nizatidine (Axid)
-Ranitidine (Zantac)
What is the prototype H2 blocker?
Cimetidine (Tagamet)
Why is cimetidine use limited?
Has a lot of adverse drug effects
What are H2 blockers used to treat?
-Peptic ulcers
-Acute stress ulcers
-GERD
Recurrence is common if use only use an H2 blocker to treat ulcers caused by?
H. Pylori
What should be used to treat PUD caused by NSAIDs?
PPIs
-they are more effective
,How are stress ulcers treated?
-IV H2 blockers
-IV PPIs
How long does it take for an H2 blocker to start relieving pain from GERD?
45 minutes
-antacids work faster but don't last as long
What is the first-line drug for treating GERD?
PPIs
Do H2 blockers cross into breastmilk and the placenta?
Yes
The dose of H2 blockers needs to be adjusted in those with?
Renal dx
-half life is prolonged
What are the adverse drug effects of cimetidine?
-Gynecomastia
-Galactorrhea
-Confusion (older adults and IV administration)
, H2 blockers can affect the efficacy and absorption of what kinds of drugs?
Drugs that need an acidic environment
-ketoconazole
Cimetidine inhibits many CYP 450 enzymes and can interfere with the metabolism
of?
-Warfarin
-Phenytoin
-Clopidogrel
-Many others
How do PPIs work?
Irreversibly bind to the gastric H+/K+ -ATPase pump in parietal cells
-shuts down proton pump and blocks gastric acid secretion
What are the different types of PPIs?
-Lansoprazole (Prevacid)
-Dexlansoprazole (Dexilant)
-Omeprazole (Prilosec)
-Esomeprazole (Nexium)
-Pantoprazole (Protonix)
-Rabeprazole (Aciphex)
PPIs are effective for how long?
18 hours
-however they take awhile to start working because they are enterically
coated and need to be converted to their active form first
