1. What is enteral nutrition (EN)?
A) Nutrition delivered intravenously
B) Nutrition delivered directly into the gastrointestinal tract
C) Nutrition absorbed through the skin
D) Nutrition administered via inhalation
Answer: B
2. Which of the following best describes the primary advantage of enteral
nutrition over parenteral nutrition?
A) Lower cost and maintenance of gut integrity
B) Faster delivery of nutrients
C) No risk of infection
D) Easier to monitor fluid balance
Answer: A
3. The term 'tube feeding' refers to:
A) Parenteral nutrition delivered via a central line
B) Delivery of nutrients via a tube into the GI tract
C) Oral supplementation of liquid formulas
D) Intravenous fluid administration
Answer: B
4. Which of the following is the preferred route of nutrient delivery when
the GI tract is functional?
A) Parenteral nutrition
B) Enteral nutrition
C) Oral supplementation alone
D) Subcutaneous infusion
Answer: B
5. Enteral nutrition helps maintain gut integrity primarily by:
A) Providing systemic antibiotics
B) Stimulating mucosal cells and preventing bacterial translocation
C) Reducing gastric acid secretion
, D) Increasing intestinal motility only
Answer: B
6. Which organ is primarily responsible for the digestion and absorption of
enterally administered nutrients?
A) Liver
B) Pancreas
C) Small intestine
D) Colon
Answer: C
7. Which of the following conditions is NOT a general indication for enteral
nutrition?
A) Dysphagia
B) Mechanical bowel obstruction
C) Crohn's disease exacerbation
D) Anorexia nervosa
Answer: B
8. A patient who cannot meet >60% of their nutritional needs orally for more
than how many days generally warrants consideration of enteral nutrition?
A) 1-2 days
B) 3-5 days
C) 7-10 days
D) 14 days
Answer: C
9. Which of the following is a CONTRAINDICATION to enteral nutrition?
A) Mild pancreatitis
B) Complete bowel obstruction
C) Dysphagia
D) Protein malnutrition
Answer: B
10. The GI tract's immune function is best preserved by:
A) Complete bowel rest
B) Parenteral nutrition alone
C) Enteral feeding
D) Antacid therapy
Answer: C
11. Which of the following best defines 'elemental formula'?
A) Formula containing whole proteins and complex carbohydrates
B) Formula containing pre-digested nutrients (free amino acids, simple
sugars)
, C) Formula with very high fiber content
D) Formula designed for renal patients only
Answer: B
12. Standard polymeric enteral formulas contain protein in which form?
A) Free amino acids
B) Dipeptides and tripeptides
C) Intact proteins
D) Branched-chain amino acids only
Answer: C
13. Which of the following statements about enteral nutrition is TRUE?
A) It is always safer than parenteral nutrition
B) It maintains intestinal mucosal integrity better than parenteral nutrition
C) It has no risk of aspiration
D) It requires IV access
Answer: B
14. Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is best supported by:
A) IV fluids
B) Enteral feeding
C) Antibiotics
D) Corticosteroids
Answer: B
15. Which type of enteral formula is most appropriate for a patient with
normal digestion and absorption?
A) Elemental formula
B) Semi-elemental formula
C) Polymeric formula
D) Disease-specific formula
Answer: C
16. The caloric density of most standard enteral formulas is:
A) 0.5 kcal/mL
B) 1.0 kcal/mL
C) 2.0 kcal/mL
D) 3.0 kcal/mL
Answer: B
17. Which macronutrient typically provides the highest percentage of
calories in standard enteral formulas?
A) Protein
B) Fat
C) Carbohydrate
, D) Fiber
Answer: C
18. Enteral nutrition is best initiated:
A) After complete hemodynamic stability in all cases
B) Early (within 24-48 hours) in critically ill patients when feasible
C) Only after oral intake fails for 30 days
D) Simultaneously with parenteral nutrition always
Answer: B
19. Which of the following is a major complication of enteral nutrition?
A) Hyperglycemia from dextrose infusion
B) Aspiration pneumonia
C) Central line bloodstream infection
D) Pneumothorax
Answer: B
20. Bacterial translocation is best prevented by:
A) Total bowel rest
B) Enteral feeding maintaining mucosal barrier
C) Systemic antibiotics
D) Parenteral nutrition
Answer: B
Section 2: Enteral Access Routes (Questions 21-50)
21. Which enteral access route is most appropriate for short-term feeding
(<4 weeks)?
A) Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG)
B) Nasogastric tube (NGT)
C) Jejunostomy tube
D) Gastrostomy button
Answer: B
22. A nasogastric tube delivers formula to the:
A) Duodenum
B) Jejunum
C) Stomach
D) Ileum
Answer: C
23. A nasoduodenal tube tip is placed in the:
A) Stomach
B) Duodenum
C) Jejunum
D) Ileum
A) Nutrition delivered intravenously
B) Nutrition delivered directly into the gastrointestinal tract
C) Nutrition absorbed through the skin
D) Nutrition administered via inhalation
Answer: B
2. Which of the following best describes the primary advantage of enteral
nutrition over parenteral nutrition?
A) Lower cost and maintenance of gut integrity
B) Faster delivery of nutrients
C) No risk of infection
D) Easier to monitor fluid balance
Answer: A
3. The term 'tube feeding' refers to:
A) Parenteral nutrition delivered via a central line
B) Delivery of nutrients via a tube into the GI tract
C) Oral supplementation of liquid formulas
D) Intravenous fluid administration
Answer: B
4. Which of the following is the preferred route of nutrient delivery when
the GI tract is functional?
A) Parenteral nutrition
B) Enteral nutrition
C) Oral supplementation alone
D) Subcutaneous infusion
Answer: B
5. Enteral nutrition helps maintain gut integrity primarily by:
A) Providing systemic antibiotics
B) Stimulating mucosal cells and preventing bacterial translocation
C) Reducing gastric acid secretion
, D) Increasing intestinal motility only
Answer: B
6. Which organ is primarily responsible for the digestion and absorption of
enterally administered nutrients?
A) Liver
B) Pancreas
C) Small intestine
D) Colon
Answer: C
7. Which of the following conditions is NOT a general indication for enteral
nutrition?
A) Dysphagia
B) Mechanical bowel obstruction
C) Crohn's disease exacerbation
D) Anorexia nervosa
Answer: B
8. A patient who cannot meet >60% of their nutritional needs orally for more
than how many days generally warrants consideration of enteral nutrition?
A) 1-2 days
B) 3-5 days
C) 7-10 days
D) 14 days
Answer: C
9. Which of the following is a CONTRAINDICATION to enteral nutrition?
A) Mild pancreatitis
B) Complete bowel obstruction
C) Dysphagia
D) Protein malnutrition
Answer: B
10. The GI tract's immune function is best preserved by:
A) Complete bowel rest
B) Parenteral nutrition alone
C) Enteral feeding
D) Antacid therapy
Answer: C
11. Which of the following best defines 'elemental formula'?
A) Formula containing whole proteins and complex carbohydrates
B) Formula containing pre-digested nutrients (free amino acids, simple
sugars)
, C) Formula with very high fiber content
D) Formula designed for renal patients only
Answer: B
12. Standard polymeric enteral formulas contain protein in which form?
A) Free amino acids
B) Dipeptides and tripeptides
C) Intact proteins
D) Branched-chain amino acids only
Answer: C
13. Which of the following statements about enteral nutrition is TRUE?
A) It is always safer than parenteral nutrition
B) It maintains intestinal mucosal integrity better than parenteral nutrition
C) It has no risk of aspiration
D) It requires IV access
Answer: B
14. Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) is best supported by:
A) IV fluids
B) Enteral feeding
C) Antibiotics
D) Corticosteroids
Answer: B
15. Which type of enteral formula is most appropriate for a patient with
normal digestion and absorption?
A) Elemental formula
B) Semi-elemental formula
C) Polymeric formula
D) Disease-specific formula
Answer: C
16. The caloric density of most standard enteral formulas is:
A) 0.5 kcal/mL
B) 1.0 kcal/mL
C) 2.0 kcal/mL
D) 3.0 kcal/mL
Answer: B
17. Which macronutrient typically provides the highest percentage of
calories in standard enteral formulas?
A) Protein
B) Fat
C) Carbohydrate
, D) Fiber
Answer: C
18. Enteral nutrition is best initiated:
A) After complete hemodynamic stability in all cases
B) Early (within 24-48 hours) in critically ill patients when feasible
C) Only after oral intake fails for 30 days
D) Simultaneously with parenteral nutrition always
Answer: B
19. Which of the following is a major complication of enteral nutrition?
A) Hyperglycemia from dextrose infusion
B) Aspiration pneumonia
C) Central line bloodstream infection
D) Pneumothorax
Answer: B
20. Bacterial translocation is best prevented by:
A) Total bowel rest
B) Enteral feeding maintaining mucosal barrier
C) Systemic antibiotics
D) Parenteral nutrition
Answer: B
Section 2: Enteral Access Routes (Questions 21-50)
21. Which enteral access route is most appropriate for short-term feeding
(<4 weeks)?
A) Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG)
B) Nasogastric tube (NGT)
C) Jejunostomy tube
D) Gastrostomy button
Answer: B
22. A nasogastric tube delivers formula to the:
A) Duodenum
B) Jejunum
C) Stomach
D) Ileum
Answer: C
23. A nasoduodenal tube tip is placed in the:
A) Stomach
B) Duodenum
C) Jejunum
D) Ileum
