PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
● decrease - Munro Kellie: if blood production to brain increases, tissue
volume and CSF production must ___
● swelling - When blood, tissue, and CSF are all high, this causes:
● 0-15 - Normal ICP __ mmHg
● 20, 5 - If you have increased pressure greater than ___ mmHg for
____ min or longer, this is INCREASED ICP
● True - T/F: More than 5 min of increased ICP is life threatening
● intermittent - When you sneeze, you will have (intermittent/sustained)
ICP which is normal
● 30 - What ICP reaches over ___ mmHg= brain death
,● herniate - With increased ICP, brain will eventually ____ down into
brainstem
● tumors - Along with increased brain/blood/CSF pressue, ___ can also
cause increased ICP
● cytoxic - Swelling brain volume, etc ___
● hypoxia - Cytoxic cerebral edema caused by=
● Na/water - Cytoxic cerebral edema: hypoxia will cause ____ to go into
cells to swell
● brain - Cytotoxic cerebral edema is increased (brain/blood) volume
● increased - Vasogenic cerebral edema= (increased/decreased) capillary
permeability
● vasogenic - You see (cytotoxic/vasogenic) cerebral edema with
infection
● autoregulation - ___: change in BP causes cerebral arteries to dilate or
constrict
, ● blood - Loss of autoregulation (BP regulation)= increased ___ volume
● trauma - Loss of autoregulation (causing increased blood volume)
cauased by:
● Co2 - Increased BV= retaining (O2/CO2)
● acidosis - (Acidosis/alkalosis) causes increased BV in cranium
● CSF - Hydrocephalus= increased _____= increased ICP
● perfusion - Cerebral ___ effected by autoregulation
● metabolic - Acidosis will trigger vasodilation= _____ regulation
● vasodilation - acidosis will trigger (vasoconstriction/vasodilation) of
vessles to the brain
● increase - To regulate metabolic acidosis, (increase/decrease) vent rate
to decrease BF
● CO2 - Increase vent to lower (O2/CO2)