Biology Final Exam Study Guide Unit 5 - Molecular
Genetics Questions with Correct Answers
1. How do DNA and RNA control the structure and function of cells and of
entire organisms? correct answers:
2. How is DNA replicated? correct answers: The DNA molecule separates into two strands at the
replication fork. Each
individual strand is then used as a template for the attachment of complementary bases.
3. How is a protein made? correct answers:
4. What happens if changes are made to the DNA sequence? correct
answers:
5. DNA correct answers: deoxyribonucleic acid
6. DNA polymerase correct answers: an enzyme that allows for DNA replication by adding
nucleotides to the existing chain
7. Nucleus correct answers: contains the majority of the cell's genetic material,
8. nucleolus correct answers: A specialized structure in the nucleus, formed from various chromosomes
and active in the synthesis
of ribosomes.
9. heredity correct answers: the passing of traits from parent to ottspring
10. double helix correct answers: The form of native DNA, referring to its two adjacent
polynucleotide strands wound into a spiral
shape.
11. nucleotide correct answers: The building block of a nucleic acid.
12. covalent bond correct answers: A chemical bond formed as a result of the sharing of one
or more pairs of electrons.
13. 5' and 3' ends correct answers:
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, 14. antiparallel correct answers: two molecules that are side by side but run in opposite
directions. The two strands of DNA are
antiparallel. The head of one strand is always laid against the tail of the other strand of DNA.
15. deoxyribose correct answers: The sugar component of DNA
16. complimentary DNA correct answers: A DNA molecule made in a test tube using
mRNA as a template
17. nitrogen base correct answers: a nitrogen containing molecule that has the same chemical
properties as a base; building
blocks of DNA and RNA correct answers:
18. pyrimidine correct answers: A nitrogenous base with a single-ring structure; one of the
components of nucleic acids.
19. purine correct answers: A nitrogenous base, with a two-ring structure; one of the
components of nucleic acids.
20. hydrogen bond correct answers: a chemical bond between the hydrogen atom and an
electronegative atom.
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Genetics Questions with Correct Answers
1. How do DNA and RNA control the structure and function of cells and of
entire organisms? correct answers:
2. How is DNA replicated? correct answers: The DNA molecule separates into two strands at the
replication fork. Each
individual strand is then used as a template for the attachment of complementary bases.
3. How is a protein made? correct answers:
4. What happens if changes are made to the DNA sequence? correct
answers:
5. DNA correct answers: deoxyribonucleic acid
6. DNA polymerase correct answers: an enzyme that allows for DNA replication by adding
nucleotides to the existing chain
7. Nucleus correct answers: contains the majority of the cell's genetic material,
8. nucleolus correct answers: A specialized structure in the nucleus, formed from various chromosomes
and active in the synthesis
of ribosomes.
9. heredity correct answers: the passing of traits from parent to ottspring
10. double helix correct answers: The form of native DNA, referring to its two adjacent
polynucleotide strands wound into a spiral
shape.
11. nucleotide correct answers: The building block of a nucleic acid.
12. covalent bond correct answers: A chemical bond formed as a result of the sharing of one
or more pairs of electrons.
13. 5' and 3' ends correct answers:
1/
5
, 14. antiparallel correct answers: two molecules that are side by side but run in opposite
directions. The two strands of DNA are
antiparallel. The head of one strand is always laid against the tail of the other strand of DNA.
15. deoxyribose correct answers: The sugar component of DNA
16. complimentary DNA correct answers: A DNA molecule made in a test tube using
mRNA as a template
17. nitrogen base correct answers: a nitrogen containing molecule that has the same chemical
properties as a base; building
blocks of DNA and RNA correct answers:
18. pyrimidine correct answers: A nitrogenous base with a single-ring structure; one of the
components of nucleic acids.
19. purine correct answers: A nitrogenous base, with a two-ring structure; one of the
components of nucleic acids.
20. hydrogen bond correct answers: a chemical bond between the hydrogen atom and an
electronegative atom.
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