HRMT 386 EXAMINATION 2026
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
>> Why do organizations and individuals enter into an employment relationship?
Organizational Needs: Access to skills, labor, and innovation necessary for
production, service provision, and competitiveness.
Individual Needs: Income, identity, personal growth, social interactions, and
structure.
Economic Influence: Organizational competitiveness and individual quality of
life and security motivations.
Answer: Mutual Benefits: Organizations need human capital to achieve
objectives; individuals seek financial and personal fulfillment.
>> What does the word resource in the term human resource management
suggest about the nature of the employment relationship?
Strategic Role: HRM focuses on optimizing employee contributions to achieve
organizational goals.
Utilitarian Approach: Emphasizes maximizing the utility of human capital,
sometimes at the cost of employee needs.
Operational Alignment: Ensures workforce capabilities meet organizational
demands efficiently.
Answer: Asset Perspective: Employees are viewed as vital assets similar to
physical and financial resources.
>> In what ways are women typically disadvantaged in employment
relationships? What factors explain this disadvantage?
Leadership Underrepresentation: Fewer women in top roles due to biases, lack of
support networks, and organizational cultures that do not facilitate female
advancement.
Sectoral Segregation: Concentration in lower-paid and less advanced sectors,
perpetuated by educational and societal norms.
Work-Life Balance Challenges: Greater responsibility for unpaid domestic and
, caregiving tasks limits women's career opportunities and advancement.
Cultural and Structural Barriers: Persistent societal biases and lack of supportive
workplace policies hinder progress towards gender equality in employment.
Answer: Wage Disparity: Women often earn less than men in similar roles,
influenced by discriminatory pay practices and the undervaluation of
female-dominated sectors.
>> What worker and employer rights and obligations flow from common law and
from statutory law?
Statutory Law: Codified laws ensuring specific employment standards, health
and safety regulations, and anti-discrimination measures.
Contractual Obligations: Both parties must adhere to agreed employment terms
and engage in fair dealings.
Health and Safety: Employers and employees must maintain and adhere to safe
working conditions.
Anti-Discrimination: Employers must prevent and employees must not face
workplace discrimination.
Answer: Common Law: Based on judicial precedents, covers contract and
tort law, and duties of good faith.
>> How is the issue of workplace health and safety both technical and political?
Political Elements: Encompasses legislation, regulatory frameworks, and power
dynamics affecting safety standards.
Stakeholder Influence: Safety standards can be influenced by the competing
interests of businesses, employees, and advocacy groups.
Regulatory Compliance: Political processes determine how regulations are
enacted, enforced, and updated in response to new challenges and technologies.
Answer: Technical Elements: Involves risk assessment, safety engineering,
and health monitoring based on scientific principles.
>> Why are employers increasingly organizing work in non-standard ways?
What effect does this trend have on women?
Benefits for Women: Increased flexibility and potential for better work-life
balance.
Drawbacks for Women: Job insecurity, lack of benefits, wage disparities, and
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS GRADED A+
>> Why do organizations and individuals enter into an employment relationship?
Organizational Needs: Access to skills, labor, and innovation necessary for
production, service provision, and competitiveness.
Individual Needs: Income, identity, personal growth, social interactions, and
structure.
Economic Influence: Organizational competitiveness and individual quality of
life and security motivations.
Answer: Mutual Benefits: Organizations need human capital to achieve
objectives; individuals seek financial and personal fulfillment.
>> What does the word resource in the term human resource management
suggest about the nature of the employment relationship?
Strategic Role: HRM focuses on optimizing employee contributions to achieve
organizational goals.
Utilitarian Approach: Emphasizes maximizing the utility of human capital,
sometimes at the cost of employee needs.
Operational Alignment: Ensures workforce capabilities meet organizational
demands efficiently.
Answer: Asset Perspective: Employees are viewed as vital assets similar to
physical and financial resources.
>> In what ways are women typically disadvantaged in employment
relationships? What factors explain this disadvantage?
Leadership Underrepresentation: Fewer women in top roles due to biases, lack of
support networks, and organizational cultures that do not facilitate female
advancement.
Sectoral Segregation: Concentration in lower-paid and less advanced sectors,
perpetuated by educational and societal norms.
Work-Life Balance Challenges: Greater responsibility for unpaid domestic and
, caregiving tasks limits women's career opportunities and advancement.
Cultural and Structural Barriers: Persistent societal biases and lack of supportive
workplace policies hinder progress towards gender equality in employment.
Answer: Wage Disparity: Women often earn less than men in similar roles,
influenced by discriminatory pay practices and the undervaluation of
female-dominated sectors.
>> What worker and employer rights and obligations flow from common law and
from statutory law?
Statutory Law: Codified laws ensuring specific employment standards, health
and safety regulations, and anti-discrimination measures.
Contractual Obligations: Both parties must adhere to agreed employment terms
and engage in fair dealings.
Health and Safety: Employers and employees must maintain and adhere to safe
working conditions.
Anti-Discrimination: Employers must prevent and employees must not face
workplace discrimination.
Answer: Common Law: Based on judicial precedents, covers contract and
tort law, and duties of good faith.
>> How is the issue of workplace health and safety both technical and political?
Political Elements: Encompasses legislation, regulatory frameworks, and power
dynamics affecting safety standards.
Stakeholder Influence: Safety standards can be influenced by the competing
interests of businesses, employees, and advocacy groups.
Regulatory Compliance: Political processes determine how regulations are
enacted, enforced, and updated in response to new challenges and technologies.
Answer: Technical Elements: Involves risk assessment, safety engineering,
and health monitoring based on scientific principles.
>> Why are employers increasingly organizing work in non-standard ways?
What effect does this trend have on women?
Benefits for Women: Increased flexibility and potential for better work-life
balance.
Drawbacks for Women: Job insecurity, lack of benefits, wage disparities, and
