NUR 330 - Final Exam UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
screenings for alcohol use disorder CAGE questionnaire and AUDIT (alcohol use disorder identification test)
how long does withdrawal take for AUD? 48-96 hrs after last drink
symptoms of AUD Increased HR/BP
Diaphoresis
Mild anxiety
Restlessness
Tremors (hand)
Delirium Tremens: basically you're gonna have one big seizure
nursing care of AUD Vital signs
Decrease stimuli
Fluids and electrolyte replacement
USE BENZODIAZEPINES based on CIWA score
disulfiram alcohol aversion through severe nausea/vomiting upon alcohol intake
risks: respiratory depression, CV collapse, death
monitor: liver function, any use of products containing alcohol
naltrexone blocks opioid mu receptors to suppresses the craving /pleasurable effects of
alcohol
DOES NOT TREAT WITHDRAWAL
considerations: risks of nonadherence, take with meals
acamprosate delayed-release tablet that decreases alcohol intake and reduces the risk of
returning to drink alcohol.
CONSIDERATIONS: requires abstinence, must be taken with meals 3x daily,
diarrhea, avoid in pregnancy
cocaine can be used.... via injection, inhalation, smoking
s/s of cocaine use restlessness/euphoria to tremors and agitation
only lasts 10-20 minutes followed by a crash
withdrawal symptoms of cocaine use anxiety, restlessness, agitation and hypoactivity d/t norepinephrine depletion
long term effects of stimulant use addiction, chronic stress/anxiety, CV damage
amphetamines/methamphetamines act as indirect catecholamine agonists. They increase the release of
norepinephrine
long term effects of amphetamines/methamphetamines Psychosis, Cardiovascular dx, Stroke, Dental decay, skin sores, extreme weight
loss
, s/s methamphetamines intoxication tachycardia, elevated BP, hyperthermia, increased alertness/concentration,
appetite suppression, agitation, tremor, paranoia/hallucinations
cannabis use HC binds with μ-opioid receptors in the brain, triggering dopamine release and
causing the psychoactive effects (euphoria, relaxation)
short-term impairment of cannabis memory, motor, and cognitive skills
long term impairments of cannabis - psychotropic effects
- lung issues
- addiction potential
- impact on motivation
opioid use substances that bind to opioid receptors in the brain to produce analgesic (pain-
relieving) effects, but they also cause CNS depression.
effects of opioid intoxication - euphoria/pain relief
- initial warm flushing of the skin, dry mouth, and heaviness in the limbs (causing
stooped posture)
- users may experience nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, clouded mental function,
and slowed heart rate and breathing
methadone oral opioid agonist. satisfies opioid cravings without producing a euphoric high.
can be used for withdrawal and long-term maintenance
CONSIDERATIONS: slowly taper, use medication and psychotherapy, high risk for
dependence
buprenorphine long-acting Partial agonist, activating opioid receptors, helping to alleviate drug
cravings without causing the intense high or dangerous side effects associated
with full agonists.
CONSIDERATION: safe in pregnancy
how do we prevent relapse? develop coping skills, enhance motivation for sustained abstinence, minimize
triggers/cravings
mandatory reporting laws (healthcare substance use) In some states, nurses are legally required to report any health care provider's
incompetent, unethical, or illegal practice through proper channels
psychosis a term used to describe a state in which an individual experiences positive and
negative symptoms of schizophrenia
psychosis features - hallucinations
- troubling beliefs
- emotional changes
- withdrawal
- lack of self-care
treatment for psychosis antipsychotic meds, psychotherapy, CBT
CORRECT Answers
screenings for alcohol use disorder CAGE questionnaire and AUDIT (alcohol use disorder identification test)
how long does withdrawal take for AUD? 48-96 hrs after last drink
symptoms of AUD Increased HR/BP
Diaphoresis
Mild anxiety
Restlessness
Tremors (hand)
Delirium Tremens: basically you're gonna have one big seizure
nursing care of AUD Vital signs
Decrease stimuli
Fluids and electrolyte replacement
USE BENZODIAZEPINES based on CIWA score
disulfiram alcohol aversion through severe nausea/vomiting upon alcohol intake
risks: respiratory depression, CV collapse, death
monitor: liver function, any use of products containing alcohol
naltrexone blocks opioid mu receptors to suppresses the craving /pleasurable effects of
alcohol
DOES NOT TREAT WITHDRAWAL
considerations: risks of nonadherence, take with meals
acamprosate delayed-release tablet that decreases alcohol intake and reduces the risk of
returning to drink alcohol.
CONSIDERATIONS: requires abstinence, must be taken with meals 3x daily,
diarrhea, avoid in pregnancy
cocaine can be used.... via injection, inhalation, smoking
s/s of cocaine use restlessness/euphoria to tremors and agitation
only lasts 10-20 minutes followed by a crash
withdrawal symptoms of cocaine use anxiety, restlessness, agitation and hypoactivity d/t norepinephrine depletion
long term effects of stimulant use addiction, chronic stress/anxiety, CV damage
amphetamines/methamphetamines act as indirect catecholamine agonists. They increase the release of
norepinephrine
long term effects of amphetamines/methamphetamines Psychosis, Cardiovascular dx, Stroke, Dental decay, skin sores, extreme weight
loss
, s/s methamphetamines intoxication tachycardia, elevated BP, hyperthermia, increased alertness/concentration,
appetite suppression, agitation, tremor, paranoia/hallucinations
cannabis use HC binds with μ-opioid receptors in the brain, triggering dopamine release and
causing the psychoactive effects (euphoria, relaxation)
short-term impairment of cannabis memory, motor, and cognitive skills
long term impairments of cannabis - psychotropic effects
- lung issues
- addiction potential
- impact on motivation
opioid use substances that bind to opioid receptors in the brain to produce analgesic (pain-
relieving) effects, but they also cause CNS depression.
effects of opioid intoxication - euphoria/pain relief
- initial warm flushing of the skin, dry mouth, and heaviness in the limbs (causing
stooped posture)
- users may experience nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, clouded mental function,
and slowed heart rate and breathing
methadone oral opioid agonist. satisfies opioid cravings without producing a euphoric high.
can be used for withdrawal and long-term maintenance
CONSIDERATIONS: slowly taper, use medication and psychotherapy, high risk for
dependence
buprenorphine long-acting Partial agonist, activating opioid receptors, helping to alleviate drug
cravings without causing the intense high or dangerous side effects associated
with full agonists.
CONSIDERATION: safe in pregnancy
how do we prevent relapse? develop coping skills, enhance motivation for sustained abstinence, minimize
triggers/cravings
mandatory reporting laws (healthcare substance use) In some states, nurses are legally required to report any health care provider's
incompetent, unethical, or illegal practice through proper channels
psychosis a term used to describe a state in which an individual experiences positive and
negative symptoms of schizophrenia
psychosis features - hallucinations
- troubling beliefs
- emotional changes
- withdrawal
- lack of self-care
treatment for psychosis antipsychotic meds, psychotherapy, CBT
