7B - Substance-related disorders
Thursday, March 4, 2021
7:43 AM
*Mini-lecture 1 : Psychoactive substances - Liking vs. wanting
"Liking" vs. "wanting": An example
Consider the distinction between "wanting" and "liking":
o "Liking" food
Feelings of enjoyment; bliss; pleasure…
Hedonic value: how much we cognitively "like" something
Subjective "goodness"
o "Wanting" food
Excitement; agitation; maybe even aggression
Motivational value: how much we "want" something
Incentive salience and reward
Substance use: "Liking" a drug
The distinction is helpful in understanding the maintenance of substance use disorders:
o Initial liking may help initiate substance use, but over the course of
addiction the person may come to want the drug more than they like it
o Build tolerance and need more to get the same effect / pleasure
Over the course of their addiction, an individual may experience:
o Narrowing behavioral repertoire
o Craving, preoccupation, reduced control over use
o Increased tolerance and withdrawal
o Low self-esteem, denial, rationalization, conflicts over dependency…
*Mini-lecture 2 : Clinical description of substance-related disorders
Substance-related disorders
"A problematic pattern of [________ substance} use leading to clinically significant distress
or impairment, as manifested by at least two… symptoms within a 12-month period."
o Polysubstance (many substances at once) use is common!!
Substance-related Disorder (opioids)
Thursday, March 4, 2021
7:43 AM
*Mini-lecture 1 : Psychoactive substances - Liking vs. wanting
"Liking" vs. "wanting": An example
Consider the distinction between "wanting" and "liking":
o "Liking" food
Feelings of enjoyment; bliss; pleasure…
Hedonic value: how much we cognitively "like" something
Subjective "goodness"
o "Wanting" food
Excitement; agitation; maybe even aggression
Motivational value: how much we "want" something
Incentive salience and reward
Substance use: "Liking" a drug
The distinction is helpful in understanding the maintenance of substance use disorders:
o Initial liking may help initiate substance use, but over the course of
addiction the person may come to want the drug more than they like it
o Build tolerance and need more to get the same effect / pleasure
Over the course of their addiction, an individual may experience:
o Narrowing behavioral repertoire
o Craving, preoccupation, reduced control over use
o Increased tolerance and withdrawal
o Low self-esteem, denial, rationalization, conflicts over dependency…
*Mini-lecture 2 : Clinical description of substance-related disorders
Substance-related disorders
"A problematic pattern of [________ substance} use leading to clinically significant distress
or impairment, as manifested by at least two… symptoms within a 12-month period."
o Polysubstance (many substances at once) use is common!!
Substance-related Disorder (opioids)
