IHUM 201 EXAM #2 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2026
Plato, The Republic The Allegory of the Cave - ANS The prisoners free themselves because
one wants more knowledge, then gets out, tells others,
● The individual gets out, but the most important thing is for people to come back to help
others.
○ The way the one guy got out was by changing his view and thinking more
○ When he comes back, they don't want his help
● The world of forms - variations of tables, one ultimate table
● The whole allegory is symbolic, the endless search of perfection
● They become free by desire to learn, after the escape = civic duty to come back and bring
others to the light
● Message = turn around and see what else is out there
● Thinking is the new arete
Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics - ANS In ethics Aristotle explains Platonic concept of universal
absolute good, happiness is the most desirable thing, man reasons and is more than animal, we
need to be in the world and not withdraw, children do not have true happiness, can't have
happiness without knowledge, misfortune will not depress the truly happy, can't have same
opportunities if you're poor.
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
1
,Symbols in Plato's allegory of the cave - ANS -The cave is our own state of single-mindedness,
state of ignorance, the superficial world
-The fire is a single source of knowledge
-The prisoners are us, anyone who stays in their limited state of mind
Dialectic Process - ANS Dialectic Process - updated socratic method
● Thesis ← →Antithesis (new knowledge)
● Thesis Synthesis
○ The 2nd thesis confronts a new Antithesis
○ These two form a new synthesis
■ The new thesis forms
antithesis
● The ultimate goal is to apply knowledge
Absolute Good - ANS " That which possesses the perfections proper to its nature. Something
is good absolutely when it is what it should be."~Catholic Culture
Happiness is the ultimate good according to Aristotle
Happiness - ANS " Happiness is a mental or emotional state of well-being defined by positive
or pleasant emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy. Happy mental states may also
reflect judgements by a person about their overall well-being."~Wikipedia
According to Aristotle - we pursue other goods to achieve happiness, poor can't be happy--
need reason to be happy.
- True happiness comes from cultivation of virtue, balance between two excesses
Eudaemonia - ANS Human Flourishing.
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
2
, "is a moral philosophy that defines right action as that which leads to the "well-being" of the
individual, thus holding "well-being" as having essential value."
Arete - ANS Virtue or excellence - thinking is the new arete
Virtue Ethics - ANS Virtue comes from a flourishing life = virtue is balance, moderation in all
things!
(Concept comes from Aristotle)
Happiness → Flourishing → Balance → Constancy → Actions = character
ATTRIBUTES: Courage, Temperance, Liberality, Self-control, Munificence, Good temper, sincere,
friendship, temperance, composure, self-control. Too little and too much are both bad.
Dying Gaul - ANS Hellenistic
Laocoon and sons - ANS hellenistic
winged victory at smothrace - ANS hellenistic
the boxer - ANS hellenistic
what are characteristics of hellenistic art? - ANS Emotion-Filled. Natural, Realistic, Body
shown less Glorified and perfect than the Greek Classical Period
augustus of prima porta - ANS roman - A piece of propaganda, got the people to think he had
the right to the throne. Cupid
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2026
Plato, The Republic The Allegory of the Cave - ANS The prisoners free themselves because
one wants more knowledge, then gets out, tells others,
● The individual gets out, but the most important thing is for people to come back to help
others.
○ The way the one guy got out was by changing his view and thinking more
○ When he comes back, they don't want his help
● The world of forms - variations of tables, one ultimate table
● The whole allegory is symbolic, the endless search of perfection
● They become free by desire to learn, after the escape = civic duty to come back and bring
others to the light
● Message = turn around and see what else is out there
● Thinking is the new arete
Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics - ANS In ethics Aristotle explains Platonic concept of universal
absolute good, happiness is the most desirable thing, man reasons and is more than animal, we
need to be in the world and not withdraw, children do not have true happiness, can't have
happiness without knowledge, misfortune will not depress the truly happy, can't have same
opportunities if you're poor.
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
1
,Symbols in Plato's allegory of the cave - ANS -The cave is our own state of single-mindedness,
state of ignorance, the superficial world
-The fire is a single source of knowledge
-The prisoners are us, anyone who stays in their limited state of mind
Dialectic Process - ANS Dialectic Process - updated socratic method
● Thesis ← →Antithesis (new knowledge)
● Thesis Synthesis
○ The 2nd thesis confronts a new Antithesis
○ These two form a new synthesis
■ The new thesis forms
antithesis
● The ultimate goal is to apply knowledge
Absolute Good - ANS " That which possesses the perfections proper to its nature. Something
is good absolutely when it is what it should be."~Catholic Culture
Happiness is the ultimate good according to Aristotle
Happiness - ANS " Happiness is a mental or emotional state of well-being defined by positive
or pleasant emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy. Happy mental states may also
reflect judgements by a person about their overall well-being."~Wikipedia
According to Aristotle - we pursue other goods to achieve happiness, poor can't be happy--
need reason to be happy.
- True happiness comes from cultivation of virtue, balance between two excesses
Eudaemonia - ANS Human Flourishing.
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
2
, "is a moral philosophy that defines right action as that which leads to the "well-being" of the
individual, thus holding "well-being" as having essential value."
Arete - ANS Virtue or excellence - thinking is the new arete
Virtue Ethics - ANS Virtue comes from a flourishing life = virtue is balance, moderation in all
things!
(Concept comes from Aristotle)
Happiness → Flourishing → Balance → Constancy → Actions = character
ATTRIBUTES: Courage, Temperance, Liberality, Self-control, Munificence, Good temper, sincere,
friendship, temperance, composure, self-control. Too little and too much are both bad.
Dying Gaul - ANS Hellenistic
Laocoon and sons - ANS hellenistic
winged victory at smothrace - ANS hellenistic
the boxer - ANS hellenistic
what are characteristics of hellenistic art? - ANS Emotion-Filled. Natural, Realistic, Body
shown less Glorified and perfect than the Greek Classical Period
augustus of prima porta - ANS roman - A piece of propaganda, got the people to think he had
the right to the throne. Cupid
@COPYRIGHT 2026/2027 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
3
