WGU C458 Health, Fitness and Wellness
EXAM LATEST UPDATE 2026 WITH
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND WELL
DETAILED ANSWERS
Nutrition -CORRECTANSWER provides the body with the nutrients it needs to perform
its daily tasks
Undernutrition -CORRECTANSWER implies that the individual is not getting enough
nutrients. This can occur even if the person is consuming more than enough calories
Malnutrition -CORRECTANSWER an imbalance of proper nutrients
Anorexia nervosa -CORRECTANSWER literally means loss of appetite, but this is a
misnomer: A person with this is hungry, but denies the hunger because of an irrational
fear of becoming fat. Self-starvation, food preoccupation and rituals, compulsive
exercising, and often an absence of menstrual cycles in women.
Untreated, can be fatal.
Bulimia -CORRECTANSWER characterized by recurring periods of binge eating, during
which large amounts of food are consumed in a short period of time followed by purging
(through self-induced vomiting, abuse of laxatives and/or diuretics) or periods of fasting
,Binge eating disorder (BED) -CORRECTANSWER episodes of binge eating
characterized by eating rapidly, eating large amounts of food even when not feeling
hungry, and feeling guilty or depressed after overeating.
Obesity -CORRECTANSWER 15 to 20 percent above normal weight. Poor dietary
patterns; include increased intake of sugars in sweetened soft drinks, foods, and meals
of high energy, low nutrient density, and large portion sizes. At risk for serious health
problems such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, stroke, and some types
of cancer.
Minerals -CORRECTANSWER inorganic material. Form body parts (teeth and bones),
maintain acid-base neutrality, regulate nerve impulses, osmotic pressure, and
electrolyte balance
Major minerals -CORRECTANSWER needed by the body:
• calcium—milk, cheese, sardines, salmon, green vegetables
• phosphorus—milk, cheese, lean meat
• potassium—oranges, bananas, dried fruits
• sulfur—eggs, poultry, fish
• sodium—table salt, beef, eggs, cheese
• chloride—table salt, meat
• magnesium—green vegetables, whole grains
,Trace minerals -CORRECTANSWER required in lesser amounts, and include iron, zinc,
selenium, magnesium, copper, iodine, fluorine, chromium, molybdenum, and
manganese
HDL cholesterol (high density lipoproteins) -CORRECTANSWER protect the body
against heart disease. Often called "good" cholesterol.
LDL cholesterol (low density lipoproteins) -CORRECTANSWER most cholesterol in the
blood is of this type. Often referred to as the bad cholesterol. high levels in the blood
increases the risk of fatty deposits forming in the arteries, which in turn increases the
risk of a heart attack
Lipoproteins -CORRECTANSWER large molecules of fat and protein in the
bloodstream; how cholesterol is transported
Antioxidants -CORRECTANSWER slow the aging process. Reduce cellular damage by
binding with free radicals produced during oxidation reactions
Oxidation reactions -CORRECTANSWER the energy-yielding reactions in which either
an oxygen atom adds an electron to or a hydrogen atom removes an electron from a
substrate (a group of atoms or molecule)—the net result is a substrate that has had a
partial or complete loss of a negatively charge particle, an electron. Two partially
, charged atoms or groups of atoms, one positively charged and the other negatively
charged, now exist
Free radical (Oxidant) -CORRECTANSWER any atom or group of atoms that has an
unpaired electron. Because electrons typically function in pairs, these are very prone to
binding to other substrates in an effort to regain this paired status. When this happens in
the human body, there is potential for a great deal of damage.
Carbohydrates -CORRECTANSWER produce 4 calories of energy per gram. Found in
foods as monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Sources include fruits,
vegetables, pasta, and rice which consist of simple sugars and starches
Protein -CORRECTANSWER produce 4 calories of energy per gram. Sources include
meats and milk. Composed of 8 essential(provided by the diet) and 12
nonessential(synthesized by the body) amino acids. Perform many functions including
building cells and tissues, forming blood and enzymes, and fighting infection.
means primary, and no organism can live, and almost no biological process can take
place, without it
Lipids -CORRECTANSWER produce 9 calories of energy per gram. Organic
compounds that do not readily dissolve in water; based on their solubility, they are
classified into triglycerides (more commonly known as fats), phospholipids, and sterols
EXAM LATEST UPDATE 2026 WITH
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND WELL
DETAILED ANSWERS
Nutrition -CORRECTANSWER provides the body with the nutrients it needs to perform
its daily tasks
Undernutrition -CORRECTANSWER implies that the individual is not getting enough
nutrients. This can occur even if the person is consuming more than enough calories
Malnutrition -CORRECTANSWER an imbalance of proper nutrients
Anorexia nervosa -CORRECTANSWER literally means loss of appetite, but this is a
misnomer: A person with this is hungry, but denies the hunger because of an irrational
fear of becoming fat. Self-starvation, food preoccupation and rituals, compulsive
exercising, and often an absence of menstrual cycles in women.
Untreated, can be fatal.
Bulimia -CORRECTANSWER characterized by recurring periods of binge eating, during
which large amounts of food are consumed in a short period of time followed by purging
(through self-induced vomiting, abuse of laxatives and/or diuretics) or periods of fasting
,Binge eating disorder (BED) -CORRECTANSWER episodes of binge eating
characterized by eating rapidly, eating large amounts of food even when not feeling
hungry, and feeling guilty or depressed after overeating.
Obesity -CORRECTANSWER 15 to 20 percent above normal weight. Poor dietary
patterns; include increased intake of sugars in sweetened soft drinks, foods, and meals
of high energy, low nutrient density, and large portion sizes. At risk for serious health
problems such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, stroke, and some types
of cancer.
Minerals -CORRECTANSWER inorganic material. Form body parts (teeth and bones),
maintain acid-base neutrality, regulate nerve impulses, osmotic pressure, and
electrolyte balance
Major minerals -CORRECTANSWER needed by the body:
• calcium—milk, cheese, sardines, salmon, green vegetables
• phosphorus—milk, cheese, lean meat
• potassium—oranges, bananas, dried fruits
• sulfur—eggs, poultry, fish
• sodium—table salt, beef, eggs, cheese
• chloride—table salt, meat
• magnesium—green vegetables, whole grains
,Trace minerals -CORRECTANSWER required in lesser amounts, and include iron, zinc,
selenium, magnesium, copper, iodine, fluorine, chromium, molybdenum, and
manganese
HDL cholesterol (high density lipoproteins) -CORRECTANSWER protect the body
against heart disease. Often called "good" cholesterol.
LDL cholesterol (low density lipoproteins) -CORRECTANSWER most cholesterol in the
blood is of this type. Often referred to as the bad cholesterol. high levels in the blood
increases the risk of fatty deposits forming in the arteries, which in turn increases the
risk of a heart attack
Lipoproteins -CORRECTANSWER large molecules of fat and protein in the
bloodstream; how cholesterol is transported
Antioxidants -CORRECTANSWER slow the aging process. Reduce cellular damage by
binding with free radicals produced during oxidation reactions
Oxidation reactions -CORRECTANSWER the energy-yielding reactions in which either
an oxygen atom adds an electron to or a hydrogen atom removes an electron from a
substrate (a group of atoms or molecule)—the net result is a substrate that has had a
partial or complete loss of a negatively charge particle, an electron. Two partially
, charged atoms or groups of atoms, one positively charged and the other negatively
charged, now exist
Free radical (Oxidant) -CORRECTANSWER any atom or group of atoms that has an
unpaired electron. Because electrons typically function in pairs, these are very prone to
binding to other substrates in an effort to regain this paired status. When this happens in
the human body, there is potential for a great deal of damage.
Carbohydrates -CORRECTANSWER produce 4 calories of energy per gram. Found in
foods as monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. Sources include fruits,
vegetables, pasta, and rice which consist of simple sugars and starches
Protein -CORRECTANSWER produce 4 calories of energy per gram. Sources include
meats and milk. Composed of 8 essential(provided by the diet) and 12
nonessential(synthesized by the body) amino acids. Perform many functions including
building cells and tissues, forming blood and enzymes, and fighting infection.
means primary, and no organism can live, and almost no biological process can take
place, without it
Lipids -CORRECTANSWER produce 9 calories of energy per gram. Organic
compounds that do not readily dissolve in water; based on their solubility, they are
classified into triglycerides (more commonly known as fats), phospholipids, and sterols
