FRHD 3070 Final Exam UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What is a needs assessment? - CORRECT ANSWER A systematic approach to
identifying social problems, determining their extent, and accurately defining the target
population to be served and the nature of their service needs
What are the 4 conceptualizations of need? - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Normative -
there is an objective standard or criterion
2. Perceived - what people think or feel their needs are
3. Expressed - relies on "demand stats"
4. Relative - measured by gap between level of services in one community and those in
similar communities
What is a resource inventory? - CORRECT ANSWER A compilation of services
available to 1 or more target groups, usually in a specific geographical area
*Getting a sense of what exists
A rationale is the relationship between _________ and ________ - CORRECT
ANSWER Use; need
What barriers to service use do we need to consider? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Availability - does it exist?
- Awareness - do you know about it?
- Accessibility - if it is available, do you have access?
- Acceptability - are people satisfied?
What are periodic measurements designed to track? - CORRECT ANSWER The
course of a social condition over time
,What is prevalence? - CORRECT ANSWER The number of existing cases within a
particular condition in a specified area during a specified time period
What is incidence? - CORRECT ANSWER The number of new cases in a specified
area during a specified time period
About _____% of the population rate their mental health as excellent or good - CORRECT
ANSWER 90%
What is a social area analysis via geographical mapping? - CORRECT
ANSWER Showing statistical information on maps to location concentrations of high-
risk groups
What is an example of geographical mapping? - CORRECT ANSWER - Crime hot
spots in Toronto
- Obesity trends in the USA
Geographical mapping allows us to apply __________ to different pockets and have a
__________ depiction - CORRECT ANSWER Statistics; visual
Define synthetic estimation - CORRECT ANSWER Estimating a characteristic for a
small area from data for a larger population
- looking at national stats and applying it to local data
What is an example of synthetic estimation? - CORRECT ANSWER An estimate of
the number of births for the student body for 1 year. We must look at married vs. Single, and
age range in order to figure out what percent of students are in need. It is also necessary to
look at national statistics
Define risk factor analysis - CORRECT ANSWER Choosing special indicators based
on their ability to predict problems or use of services at the individual level
,What is an example of risk factor analysis - CORRECT ANSWER Going out into the
community and getting a sense of the risk factors and looking at their prevalence to determine
a need
- ex. Relationship btwn unemployment and frequency of psychological problems
OR physical activity is the risk factor for chronic illness
We choose _____________ ____________ based on their ability to predict
________________ or use of services at the individual level - CORRECT
ANSWER Social indicators; problems
Define community forum - CORRECT ANSWER An open meeting at which
concerned community members can discuss relevant issues
What are some types of surveys used in community forums? - CORRECT ANSWER -
client satisfaction
- key informant
- community
What is a nominal group? - CORRECT ANSWER A method for structuring small
group meetings to generate ideas, identify problems, explore solutions, and set priorities
*asks one key question (focus groups ask multiple)
Nominal groups _______________ dominant people - CORRECT
ANSWER Neutralize
Which format is best for nominal groups? - CORRECT ANSWER U = opportunity to
walk about and facilitate interaction
When do nominal groups produce results? - CORRECT ANSWER Immediately
, Give an example of a topic that may be discussed at a nominal group - CORRECT
ANSWER In your opinion, what are the key components that should be included in a
high school sexual health curriculum?
List the steps (5) in a nominal group - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Intro and opening
statements - ask the question
2. Writing ideas (independently)
3. Record ideas (round robin)
4. Clarifying ideas (conceptualize)
5. Voting
6. Researchers collect all 5 cards from each participant and create a table
What is the delphi technique? - CORRECT ANSWER An approach that uses a series
of questionnaires to aggregate the knowledge, judgments, or opinions of experts
What does the delphi technique use? - CORRECT ANSWER Iterations of surveys
What are some PROS and CONS of the delphi technique? - CORRECT
ANSWER PRO: accurate data with low variability (outliers more inept to change their
minds)
CON: influence/pressure respondents to change their answers, time consuming
Whatever approach you use, you need to do _____________ _____________ - CORRECT
ANSWER Multiple rounds
What are the steps in the delphi technique? - CORRECT ANSWER - develop the
questionnaire (pilot study, look at literature)
- distribute round 1 of questionnaire (100)
- analysis of round 1 (calculate mean, median, IQR for each item)
- distribute round 2 of questionnaires to same folk
- analysis of round 2 (descriptive stats, reasons)
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What is a needs assessment? - CORRECT ANSWER A systematic approach to
identifying social problems, determining their extent, and accurately defining the target
population to be served and the nature of their service needs
What are the 4 conceptualizations of need? - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Normative -
there is an objective standard or criterion
2. Perceived - what people think or feel their needs are
3. Expressed - relies on "demand stats"
4. Relative - measured by gap between level of services in one community and those in
similar communities
What is a resource inventory? - CORRECT ANSWER A compilation of services
available to 1 or more target groups, usually in a specific geographical area
*Getting a sense of what exists
A rationale is the relationship between _________ and ________ - CORRECT
ANSWER Use; need
What barriers to service use do we need to consider? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Availability - does it exist?
- Awareness - do you know about it?
- Accessibility - if it is available, do you have access?
- Acceptability - are people satisfied?
What are periodic measurements designed to track? - CORRECT ANSWER The
course of a social condition over time
,What is prevalence? - CORRECT ANSWER The number of existing cases within a
particular condition in a specified area during a specified time period
What is incidence? - CORRECT ANSWER The number of new cases in a specified
area during a specified time period
About _____% of the population rate their mental health as excellent or good - CORRECT
ANSWER 90%
What is a social area analysis via geographical mapping? - CORRECT
ANSWER Showing statistical information on maps to location concentrations of high-
risk groups
What is an example of geographical mapping? - CORRECT ANSWER - Crime hot
spots in Toronto
- Obesity trends in the USA
Geographical mapping allows us to apply __________ to different pockets and have a
__________ depiction - CORRECT ANSWER Statistics; visual
Define synthetic estimation - CORRECT ANSWER Estimating a characteristic for a
small area from data for a larger population
- looking at national stats and applying it to local data
What is an example of synthetic estimation? - CORRECT ANSWER An estimate of
the number of births for the student body for 1 year. We must look at married vs. Single, and
age range in order to figure out what percent of students are in need. It is also necessary to
look at national statistics
Define risk factor analysis - CORRECT ANSWER Choosing special indicators based
on their ability to predict problems or use of services at the individual level
,What is an example of risk factor analysis - CORRECT ANSWER Going out into the
community and getting a sense of the risk factors and looking at their prevalence to determine
a need
- ex. Relationship btwn unemployment and frequency of psychological problems
OR physical activity is the risk factor for chronic illness
We choose _____________ ____________ based on their ability to predict
________________ or use of services at the individual level - CORRECT
ANSWER Social indicators; problems
Define community forum - CORRECT ANSWER An open meeting at which
concerned community members can discuss relevant issues
What are some types of surveys used in community forums? - CORRECT ANSWER -
client satisfaction
- key informant
- community
What is a nominal group? - CORRECT ANSWER A method for structuring small
group meetings to generate ideas, identify problems, explore solutions, and set priorities
*asks one key question (focus groups ask multiple)
Nominal groups _______________ dominant people - CORRECT
ANSWER Neutralize
Which format is best for nominal groups? - CORRECT ANSWER U = opportunity to
walk about and facilitate interaction
When do nominal groups produce results? - CORRECT ANSWER Immediately
, Give an example of a topic that may be discussed at a nominal group - CORRECT
ANSWER In your opinion, what are the key components that should be included in a
high school sexual health curriculum?
List the steps (5) in a nominal group - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Intro and opening
statements - ask the question
2. Writing ideas (independently)
3. Record ideas (round robin)
4. Clarifying ideas (conceptualize)
5. Voting
6. Researchers collect all 5 cards from each participant and create a table
What is the delphi technique? - CORRECT ANSWER An approach that uses a series
of questionnaires to aggregate the knowledge, judgments, or opinions of experts
What does the delphi technique use? - CORRECT ANSWER Iterations of surveys
What are some PROS and CONS of the delphi technique? - CORRECT
ANSWER PRO: accurate data with low variability (outliers more inept to change their
minds)
CON: influence/pressure respondents to change their answers, time consuming
Whatever approach you use, you need to do _____________ _____________ - CORRECT
ANSWER Multiple rounds
What are the steps in the delphi technique? - CORRECT ANSWER - develop the
questionnaire (pilot study, look at literature)
- distribute round 1 of questionnaire (100)
- analysis of round 1 (calculate mean, median, IQR for each item)
- distribute round 2 of questionnaires to same folk
- analysis of round 2 (descriptive stats, reasons)
