USA NU 578 UNIT 1 EXAM SCRIPT 2026
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ Otoscope. Answer: Provides illumination for examining the
external ear canal and the tympanic membrane
◉ Amsler Grid. Answer: Screening for those at risk with macular
degeneration. Grid consists of straight lines (like graph paper) and
at the center is a black dot that acts as a fixation point and the
patients views the grid with one eye at a time and notes occurrence
of line distortion or actual scotoma
◉ Snellen Alphabet. Answer: Used to screen far vision; contains
letters of graduated sizes with standardized numbers at the end of
each line of letters, which indicate the degree of visual acuity when
read from a distance of 20 feet (some charts are standardized for 10
feet).
◉ Tumbling E. Answer: generally children 3-5 y/o. A nonalphabet
version of the Snellen chart, it has the letter "E" facing in different
directions.
◉ HOTV. Answer: generally children 3-5 y/o. Consist of a wall chart
composed of H's, O's, T's and V's. The child is given a testing board
, containing a large H, O, T, V. Point to letter on wall and ask child to
point to the match on testing board.
◉ LH Symbols (LEA Symbols). Answer: consists of four optotypes
(circle, square, apple, house) that blur equally. Child has to find a
matching block or point to the shape that matches the target
presented.
◉ Broken Wheel Cards. Answer: consists of 6 pairs of cards with
following acuities: 20/100, 20/80, 20/60, 20/40, 20/30, and 20/20.
In each pair, one card has solid wheels while the other has a Landolt
C or "broken" wheels. The child identifies the card that has the
broken wheels on the pictured car.
◉ Photoscreening. Answer: Used to detect amblyopia ("lazy eye")
and strabismus in children through use of camera or video system
that obtains images of pupillary reflexes and red reflexes.
◉ StrabismoScope. Answer: Used for detecting strabismus (eye
misalignment) and used in children as a part of eye testing.
◉ PanOptic Ophthalmoscope. Answer: Panoramic" ophthalmoscope
allows a larger field of view (25 degrees instead of 5 degrees),
increases magnification.
QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ Otoscope. Answer: Provides illumination for examining the
external ear canal and the tympanic membrane
◉ Amsler Grid. Answer: Screening for those at risk with macular
degeneration. Grid consists of straight lines (like graph paper) and
at the center is a black dot that acts as a fixation point and the
patients views the grid with one eye at a time and notes occurrence
of line distortion or actual scotoma
◉ Snellen Alphabet. Answer: Used to screen far vision; contains
letters of graduated sizes with standardized numbers at the end of
each line of letters, which indicate the degree of visual acuity when
read from a distance of 20 feet (some charts are standardized for 10
feet).
◉ Tumbling E. Answer: generally children 3-5 y/o. A nonalphabet
version of the Snellen chart, it has the letter "E" facing in different
directions.
◉ HOTV. Answer: generally children 3-5 y/o. Consist of a wall chart
composed of H's, O's, T's and V's. The child is given a testing board
, containing a large H, O, T, V. Point to letter on wall and ask child to
point to the match on testing board.
◉ LH Symbols (LEA Symbols). Answer: consists of four optotypes
(circle, square, apple, house) that blur equally. Child has to find a
matching block or point to the shape that matches the target
presented.
◉ Broken Wheel Cards. Answer: consists of 6 pairs of cards with
following acuities: 20/100, 20/80, 20/60, 20/40, 20/30, and 20/20.
In each pair, one card has solid wheels while the other has a Landolt
C or "broken" wheels. The child identifies the card that has the
broken wheels on the pictured car.
◉ Photoscreening. Answer: Used to detect amblyopia ("lazy eye")
and strabismus in children through use of camera or video system
that obtains images of pupillary reflexes and red reflexes.
◉ StrabismoScope. Answer: Used for detecting strabismus (eye
misalignment) and used in children as a part of eye testing.
◉ PanOptic Ophthalmoscope. Answer: Panoramic" ophthalmoscope
allows a larger field of view (25 degrees instead of 5 degrees),
increases magnification.
