APEA 3P Examination 2026/2027 – Complete
Exam Material with 150 Questions and Verified
Answers
🫀 Cardiology
1. What is the hallmark symptom of Peripheral Arterial Disease
(PAD)?
A. Edema
B. Bruising
C. Rash
D. Intermittent claudication
Answer: D. Intermittent claudication
Rationale: PAD is characterized by narrowed arteries reducing blood
flow to limbs, typically presenting with intermittent claudication (leg
pain with exercise that resolves with rest) .
2. Which lesion is painless and associated with endocarditis?
A. Osler nodes
B. Janeway lesions
C. Petechiae
D. Purpura
Answer: B. Janeway lesions
Rationale: Janeway lesions are non-tender, hemorrhagic macules or
papules on the palms and soles, associated with infective endocarditis .
3. Which test is best to confirm Peripheral Arterial Disease?
A. ECG
B. ABI (Ankle-Brachial Index)
C. Echocardiogram
D. Angiography
,Answer: B. ABI
Rationale: ABI is the initial non-invasive test for PAD; values <0.9
indicate disease .
4. Which ECG finding is most characteristic of atrial fibrillation?
A. Regular p waves
B. Sawtooth flutter waves
C. No identifiable p waves
D. ST elevation
Answer: C. No identifiable p waves
Rationale: Atrial fibrillation is marked by the absence of identifiable p
waves on ECG due to chaotic atrial activity .
5. Which of the following is a common complication of atrial
fibrillation?
A. Myocardial infarction
B. Pulmonary embolism
C. Stroke
D. Pericarditis
Answer: C. Stroke
Rationale: Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of thromboembolic
events such as stroke due to irregular atrial contractions and blood
stasis .
🫀 Pulmonary
6. Which best describes shingles (Herpes Zoster)?
A. Diffuse red rash
B. Painless macules
C. Vesicular dermatomal rash
D. Annular ring
, Answer: C. Vesicular dermatomal rash
Rationale: Shingles presents as a painful, vesicular rash in a
dermatomal distribution caused by reactivation of varicella-zoster
virus .
7. What is the most common complication of shingles?
A. Skin cancer
B. Postherpetic neuralgia
C. Psoriasis
D. Eczema
Answer: B. Postherpetic neuralgia
Rationale: Postherpetic neuralgia is persistent pain in the affected area
after the rash resolves, the most common complication .
8. Which condition is characterized by reversible airway obstruction?
A. Asthma
B. COPD
C. Bronchiectasis
D. Pulmonary fibrosis
Answer: A. Asthma
Rationale: Asthma involves reversible bronchoconstriction and
inflammation, unlike COPD which has irreversible components .
9. What is the gold standard diagnostic test for asthma?
A. Peak flow monitoring
B. Spirometry
C. Chest X-ray
D. Pulse oximetry
Answer: B. Spirometry
Rationale: Spirometry confirms reversible airflow obstruction in asthma
diagnosis .
Exam Material with 150 Questions and Verified
Answers
🫀 Cardiology
1. What is the hallmark symptom of Peripheral Arterial Disease
(PAD)?
A. Edema
B. Bruising
C. Rash
D. Intermittent claudication
Answer: D. Intermittent claudication
Rationale: PAD is characterized by narrowed arteries reducing blood
flow to limbs, typically presenting with intermittent claudication (leg
pain with exercise that resolves with rest) .
2. Which lesion is painless and associated with endocarditis?
A. Osler nodes
B. Janeway lesions
C. Petechiae
D. Purpura
Answer: B. Janeway lesions
Rationale: Janeway lesions are non-tender, hemorrhagic macules or
papules on the palms and soles, associated with infective endocarditis .
3. Which test is best to confirm Peripheral Arterial Disease?
A. ECG
B. ABI (Ankle-Brachial Index)
C. Echocardiogram
D. Angiography
,Answer: B. ABI
Rationale: ABI is the initial non-invasive test for PAD; values <0.9
indicate disease .
4. Which ECG finding is most characteristic of atrial fibrillation?
A. Regular p waves
B. Sawtooth flutter waves
C. No identifiable p waves
D. ST elevation
Answer: C. No identifiable p waves
Rationale: Atrial fibrillation is marked by the absence of identifiable p
waves on ECG due to chaotic atrial activity .
5. Which of the following is a common complication of atrial
fibrillation?
A. Myocardial infarction
B. Pulmonary embolism
C. Stroke
D. Pericarditis
Answer: C. Stroke
Rationale: Atrial fibrillation increases the risk of thromboembolic
events such as stroke due to irregular atrial contractions and blood
stasis .
🫀 Pulmonary
6. Which best describes shingles (Herpes Zoster)?
A. Diffuse red rash
B. Painless macules
C. Vesicular dermatomal rash
D. Annular ring
, Answer: C. Vesicular dermatomal rash
Rationale: Shingles presents as a painful, vesicular rash in a
dermatomal distribution caused by reactivation of varicella-zoster
virus .
7. What is the most common complication of shingles?
A. Skin cancer
B. Postherpetic neuralgia
C. Psoriasis
D. Eczema
Answer: B. Postherpetic neuralgia
Rationale: Postherpetic neuralgia is persistent pain in the affected area
after the rash resolves, the most common complication .
8. Which condition is characterized by reversible airway obstruction?
A. Asthma
B. COPD
C. Bronchiectasis
D. Pulmonary fibrosis
Answer: A. Asthma
Rationale: Asthma involves reversible bronchoconstriction and
inflammation, unlike COPD which has irreversible components .
9. What is the gold standard diagnostic test for asthma?
A. Peak flow monitoring
B. Spirometry
C. Chest X-ray
D. Pulse oximetry
Answer: B. Spirometry
Rationale: Spirometry confirms reversible airflow obstruction in asthma
diagnosis .
