NGN ATI PN MATERNAL NEWBORN
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM 2026 STUDY
GUIDE Q&A UPDATED VERIFIED
⩥ Oral contraceptive danger indications. Answer: Shortness of breath
can indicate pulmonary embolism or myocardial infarction
⩥ IUD (intrauterine device). Answer: Check for presence of IUD strings
following each menstruation to ensure the device is still present. A
change in the length of the strings should be reported to the provider
⩥ Implantable progestins adverse effects. Answer: Irregular vaginal
bleeding
weight gain
breast changes
⩥ medroxyprogesterone. Answer: clients should take calcium and
vitamin D o prevent loss of bone density
can cause irregular bleeding
⩥ Signs of pregnancy: Presumptive. Answer: changes might be
subjective or objective:
amenorrhea (no periods)
,fatigue
nausea and vomiting
urinary frequency
breast changes
quickening (fluttering movements of a fetus 16 to 20 weeks gestation)
abdominal enlargement
⩥ Signs of Pregnancy: Probable. Answer: changes that make the
examiner suspect pregnancy:
uterine enlargement
Hegar's sign (soft lower uterus)
chadwick's sign ( bluish cervix)
goodell's sign ( softening cervix tip)
ballottement
braxton Hickscontractions
positive pregnancy test
fetal outline felt by examiner
⩥ Signs of Pregnancy: Positive. Answer: those explained only by
pregnancy:
fetal heart sounds
visualization of fetus by ultrasound
,fetal movement palpated by experienced examiner
⩥ hCG blood / urine test. Answer: Human chorionic gonadotropin:
can start as early as day of implantation and can be detected about 8
days after conception.
peaks about day 60-70, declines til day 100-130 then incline until term
raised levels=multifetal, ectopic, hydatidiform mole
low level= miscarriage, ectopic
⩥ Gravidity. Answer: Nulligravida: never been pregnant
Primigravida: this is first pregnancy
Multigravida: two or more
⩥ Parity. Answer: Number of pregnancies which fetus reached 20 weeks
( includes stillborn)
Nullipara: no pregnancy
primipara: one
Multipara: two or more
⩥ Viability. Answer: Point at which a fetus can survive outside the
womb.
⩥ GTPAL. Answer: Gravida,
, Term - 38 weeks and more
Preterm - 37 weeks and under
Abortions,
Living
⩥ Physiological changes. Answer: stretch marks
hyperpigmentation
⩥ Supine hypotensive syndrome. Answer: Low blood pressure resulting
from compression of the inferior vena cava by the weight of the
pregnant uterus when the mother is supine.
lie on left side with head elevated on a pillow
⩥ pulse during pregnancy. Answer: increases 10 to 15/min around 32
weeks until term
⩥ FHR. Answer: 110-160 beats/min
⩥ Cardiovasuclar changes. Answer: Output increases
blood volume increases
heart rate increases
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM 2026 STUDY
GUIDE Q&A UPDATED VERIFIED
⩥ Oral contraceptive danger indications. Answer: Shortness of breath
can indicate pulmonary embolism or myocardial infarction
⩥ IUD (intrauterine device). Answer: Check for presence of IUD strings
following each menstruation to ensure the device is still present. A
change in the length of the strings should be reported to the provider
⩥ Implantable progestins adverse effects. Answer: Irregular vaginal
bleeding
weight gain
breast changes
⩥ medroxyprogesterone. Answer: clients should take calcium and
vitamin D o prevent loss of bone density
can cause irregular bleeding
⩥ Signs of pregnancy: Presumptive. Answer: changes might be
subjective or objective:
amenorrhea (no periods)
,fatigue
nausea and vomiting
urinary frequency
breast changes
quickening (fluttering movements of a fetus 16 to 20 weeks gestation)
abdominal enlargement
⩥ Signs of Pregnancy: Probable. Answer: changes that make the
examiner suspect pregnancy:
uterine enlargement
Hegar's sign (soft lower uterus)
chadwick's sign ( bluish cervix)
goodell's sign ( softening cervix tip)
ballottement
braxton Hickscontractions
positive pregnancy test
fetal outline felt by examiner
⩥ Signs of Pregnancy: Positive. Answer: those explained only by
pregnancy:
fetal heart sounds
visualization of fetus by ultrasound
,fetal movement palpated by experienced examiner
⩥ hCG blood / urine test. Answer: Human chorionic gonadotropin:
can start as early as day of implantation and can be detected about 8
days after conception.
peaks about day 60-70, declines til day 100-130 then incline until term
raised levels=multifetal, ectopic, hydatidiform mole
low level= miscarriage, ectopic
⩥ Gravidity. Answer: Nulligravida: never been pregnant
Primigravida: this is first pregnancy
Multigravida: two or more
⩥ Parity. Answer: Number of pregnancies which fetus reached 20 weeks
( includes stillborn)
Nullipara: no pregnancy
primipara: one
Multipara: two or more
⩥ Viability. Answer: Point at which a fetus can survive outside the
womb.
⩥ GTPAL. Answer: Gravida,
, Term - 38 weeks and more
Preterm - 37 weeks and under
Abortions,
Living
⩥ Physiological changes. Answer: stretch marks
hyperpigmentation
⩥ Supine hypotensive syndrome. Answer: Low blood pressure resulting
from compression of the inferior vena cava by the weight of the
pregnant uterus when the mother is supine.
lie on left side with head elevated on a pillow
⩥ pulse during pregnancy. Answer: increases 10 to 15/min around 32
weeks until term
⩥ FHR. Answer: 110-160 beats/min
⩥ Cardiovasuclar changes. Answer: Output increases
blood volume increases
heart rate increases
