WGU PATHO D236 CARDIO EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What type of HTN has complications of Sclerosis, narrowing of vessels, Atheroma
formation - ANSWER -Essential
The following all cause what cardiovascular problem?
Myocardial infarction (L ventricle)
CAD (Coronary Artery Disease)
HTN (Hypertension)
Chronic lung disease (R ventricle needs to work harder to push blood through
pulmonary circulation if there is an obstructive lung disease.
Valve problems (heat has to maintain CO, if it can't it is going to pump harder to
compensate) - ANSWER -Heart Failure
The Patho of failure is when the heart is unable to pump sufficient blood to meet
metabolic needs of the body - ANSWER -Heart
The compensatory mechanisms of failure is;
Renin & Aldosterone secretion (vasoconstriction & blood volume is increased)
SNS response (increases HR/vasoconstriction epinephrine and norepinephrine)
Cardiac hypertrophy (increased size of the heart) - ANSWER -Heart
Complications of failure are;
-Cardiogenic shock
-Acute pulmonary edema
-Organ failure - ANSWER -Heart
What side of heart failure results from an MI, Valve stenosis, and HTN(has to push the
afterload) - ANSWER -Left sided
The patho of sided heart failure is decreased CO and pulmonary congestion. -
ANSWER -Left
How does the body compensate for left sided heart failure? - ANSWER -Tachycardia
pallor
daytime oliguria
jugular vein distention (JVD) is a sign of what? - ANSWER -Right sided heart failure
can be caused by several conditions, including diabetes or metabolic syndrome, HTN,
smoking, and physical inactivity. - ANSWER -Endothelial dysfunction
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What type of HTN has complications of Sclerosis, narrowing of vessels, Atheroma
formation - ANSWER -Essential
The following all cause what cardiovascular problem?
Myocardial infarction (L ventricle)
CAD (Coronary Artery Disease)
HTN (Hypertension)
Chronic lung disease (R ventricle needs to work harder to push blood through
pulmonary circulation if there is an obstructive lung disease.
Valve problems (heat has to maintain CO, if it can't it is going to pump harder to
compensate) - ANSWER -Heart Failure
The Patho of failure is when the heart is unable to pump sufficient blood to meet
metabolic needs of the body - ANSWER -Heart
The compensatory mechanisms of failure is;
Renin & Aldosterone secretion (vasoconstriction & blood volume is increased)
SNS response (increases HR/vasoconstriction epinephrine and norepinephrine)
Cardiac hypertrophy (increased size of the heart) - ANSWER -Heart
Complications of failure are;
-Cardiogenic shock
-Acute pulmonary edema
-Organ failure - ANSWER -Heart
What side of heart failure results from an MI, Valve stenosis, and HTN(has to push the
afterload) - ANSWER -Left sided
The patho of sided heart failure is decreased CO and pulmonary congestion. -
ANSWER -Left
How does the body compensate for left sided heart failure? - ANSWER -Tachycardia
pallor
daytime oliguria
jugular vein distention (JVD) is a sign of what? - ANSWER -Right sided heart failure
can be caused by several conditions, including diabetes or metabolic syndrome, HTN,
smoking, and physical inactivity. - ANSWER -Endothelial dysfunction
