WGU PATHO D236 SECTION 1
HOMEOSTASIS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
ACE (angiotensin converting enzymes) inhibitors are used to treat abnormal blood
pressure. They prevent the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
Which explains how ACE inhibitors work? - ANSWER -The decrease in the production
of angiotensin II keeps blood vessels more dilated. This lowers blood pressure.
In diabetic ketoacidosis, what happens to the anion gap? - ANSWER -Because HCO3-
is consumed, the anion gap increases.
Patients with end stage renal disease are not able to maintain homeostatic levels of
potassium, and the increased level of potassium in their bloodstream can impair cardiac
function.
To remove potassium from the blood during dialysis, what should the dialysate do? -
ANSWER -It should have a lower concentration of potassium than that of the
bloodstream.
Pressure that is due to albumin in the bloodstream? - ANSWER -Oncotic
Controls osmotic pressure in vascular system, builds volume. - ANSWER -Albumin
Fluid & electrolyte levels are regulated by . - ANSWER -Osmoreceptors
regulates actions such as thirst, ADH, the kidneys, and RAAS - ANSWER -
Osmoreceptors
is excreted in response to fluid volume overload. - ANSWER -Natriuretic peptides
Which elevated hormone on the pts chart is indicative of the body's attempt to reduce
the fluid volume overload? - ANSWER -Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP)
A comatose client's blood pH is 7.1, partial pressure of carbon dioxide is 16 millimeters
of mercury, and bicarbonate concentration is 5 milliequivalent/liter. Which acid-base
imbalance has the client developed? - ANSWER -Metabolic acidosis
The nurse is providing care to a patient with metabolic acidosis. For which reason does
the nurse note a laboratory result indicating hyperkalemia? - ANSWER -The abundance
of H⁺ ions moves into cells.
The nurse is providing care for a client experiencing respiratory acidosis. The health-
care provider prescribes that the client be placed on mechanical ventilation and be
, administered sodium bicarbonate. Which understanding does the nurse have regarding
the prescribed treatment? - ANSWER -Kidney compensation for acidosis is a slow
process
As Diane completes her race, what enables her body to maintain homeostasis despite
her increased activity? - ANSWER --Diane's sports drink helped to replace sodium and
water lost due to sweating.
-Diane's body produces more angiotensin II, allowing her body to constrict blood
vessels and increase her blood pressure.
-Diane's kidney reabsorbs more water and sodium in response to ADH and aldosterone.
Michael's pulmonary edema leads to respiratory acidosis.
How does pH impact Michael's basal metabolic panel? - ANSWER -- His CO2 level is
increased because his lungs have difficulty removing it from the bloodstream.
-His K+ is elevated because, as H+ moves inside of cells in an attempt to get it out of
the bloodstream, K+ moves from cells into the bloodstream.
-His sodium level is decreased due to hypervolemia.
What differentiates type I from type II diabetes? - ANSWER -The insulin producing cells
of type I diabetics are destroyed, and they do not produce insulin. In type II diabetics,
their cells are less responsive to insulin.
A patient with a viral illness and severe vomiting has an elevated CO2 level and a blood
pH of 7.53. She is breathing slowly.
What condition does the patient have? - ANSWER -Metabolic alkalosis
What happens in a dehydrated patient? - ANSWER -ADH levels increase and the RAAS
is activated.
The nurse is providing care for a client with an undiagnosed illness. Calculations of the
anion gap indicate an elevation, and the client is identified as being positive for
metabolic acidosis. Which question does the nurse ask the client? - ANSWER -"Are you
taking regular doses of aspirin?"
The nurse is providing care for a client with cerebral edema. Which IV does the nurse
expect to be prescribed? - ANSWER -Hypertonic solution
Which is a physical assessment finding of respiratory acidosis? - ANSWER -Cyanosis
Which description of oncotic pressure is correct for the nurse to apply? - ANSWER -The
force exerted by albumin in the bloodstream
A nurse is caring for a client who is anxious and dizzy after a traumatic experience. The
arterial blood gas findings include a pH level of 7.48, partial pressure of oxygen at 110,
partial pressure of carbon dioxide at 25. Which initial intervention does the nurse
implement? - ANSWER -Encourage the client to breathe into a paper bag
HOMEOSTASIS EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
ACE (angiotensin converting enzymes) inhibitors are used to treat abnormal blood
pressure. They prevent the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
Which explains how ACE inhibitors work? - ANSWER -The decrease in the production
of angiotensin II keeps blood vessels more dilated. This lowers blood pressure.
In diabetic ketoacidosis, what happens to the anion gap? - ANSWER -Because HCO3-
is consumed, the anion gap increases.
Patients with end stage renal disease are not able to maintain homeostatic levels of
potassium, and the increased level of potassium in their bloodstream can impair cardiac
function.
To remove potassium from the blood during dialysis, what should the dialysate do? -
ANSWER -It should have a lower concentration of potassium than that of the
bloodstream.
Pressure that is due to albumin in the bloodstream? - ANSWER -Oncotic
Controls osmotic pressure in vascular system, builds volume. - ANSWER -Albumin
Fluid & electrolyte levels are regulated by . - ANSWER -Osmoreceptors
regulates actions such as thirst, ADH, the kidneys, and RAAS - ANSWER -
Osmoreceptors
is excreted in response to fluid volume overload. - ANSWER -Natriuretic peptides
Which elevated hormone on the pts chart is indicative of the body's attempt to reduce
the fluid volume overload? - ANSWER -Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP)
A comatose client's blood pH is 7.1, partial pressure of carbon dioxide is 16 millimeters
of mercury, and bicarbonate concentration is 5 milliequivalent/liter. Which acid-base
imbalance has the client developed? - ANSWER -Metabolic acidosis
The nurse is providing care to a patient with metabolic acidosis. For which reason does
the nurse note a laboratory result indicating hyperkalemia? - ANSWER -The abundance
of H⁺ ions moves into cells.
The nurse is providing care for a client experiencing respiratory acidosis. The health-
care provider prescribes that the client be placed on mechanical ventilation and be
, administered sodium bicarbonate. Which understanding does the nurse have regarding
the prescribed treatment? - ANSWER -Kidney compensation for acidosis is a slow
process
As Diane completes her race, what enables her body to maintain homeostasis despite
her increased activity? - ANSWER --Diane's sports drink helped to replace sodium and
water lost due to sweating.
-Diane's body produces more angiotensin II, allowing her body to constrict blood
vessels and increase her blood pressure.
-Diane's kidney reabsorbs more water and sodium in response to ADH and aldosterone.
Michael's pulmonary edema leads to respiratory acidosis.
How does pH impact Michael's basal metabolic panel? - ANSWER -- His CO2 level is
increased because his lungs have difficulty removing it from the bloodstream.
-His K+ is elevated because, as H+ moves inside of cells in an attempt to get it out of
the bloodstream, K+ moves from cells into the bloodstream.
-His sodium level is decreased due to hypervolemia.
What differentiates type I from type II diabetes? - ANSWER -The insulin producing cells
of type I diabetics are destroyed, and they do not produce insulin. In type II diabetics,
their cells are less responsive to insulin.
A patient with a viral illness and severe vomiting has an elevated CO2 level and a blood
pH of 7.53. She is breathing slowly.
What condition does the patient have? - ANSWER -Metabolic alkalosis
What happens in a dehydrated patient? - ANSWER -ADH levels increase and the RAAS
is activated.
The nurse is providing care for a client with an undiagnosed illness. Calculations of the
anion gap indicate an elevation, and the client is identified as being positive for
metabolic acidosis. Which question does the nurse ask the client? - ANSWER -"Are you
taking regular doses of aspirin?"
The nurse is providing care for a client with cerebral edema. Which IV does the nurse
expect to be prescribed? - ANSWER -Hypertonic solution
Which is a physical assessment finding of respiratory acidosis? - ANSWER -Cyanosis
Which description of oncotic pressure is correct for the nurse to apply? - ANSWER -The
force exerted by albumin in the bloodstream
A nurse is caring for a client who is anxious and dizzy after a traumatic experience. The
arterial blood gas findings include a pH level of 7.48, partial pressure of oxygen at 110,
partial pressure of carbon dioxide at 25. Which initial intervention does the nurse
implement? - ANSWER -Encourage the client to breathe into a paper bag
