WGU PATHO D236 SECTION 2
MUSCULOSKELETAL EXAM SET
REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Bone formation occurs throughout life in the remodeling process, and requires adequate
in the diet - ANSWER -Calcium
Insufficient in the diet causes inadequate blood levels that stimulate parathyroid activity.
- ANSWER -Calcium
regulates blood calcium by stimulating bone remodeling, triggering vitamin D synthesis
in the kidney, enhancing GI absorption of calcium and reabsorbing calcium in the
kidney. - ANSWER -PTH
deterioration of bone caused by insufficient blood supply, is commonly associated with
fractures of the femoral head and neck, scaphoid, neck and body, and proximal
humerus - ANSWER -AVN, Avascular necrosis
is associated with pain and weakness, the examiner will find motor weakness, abnormal
gait and lack or rehab progress. - ANSWER -AVN, Avascular necrosis
Treatment of involves surgical removal of the necrotic bone. - ANSWER -AVN,
Avascular necrosis
is the thinning and breakdown of the articular cartilage that covers joints and acts as a
lubricant and cushion - ANSWER -Articular Degeneration
The is comprised of Chondrocytes in a matrix of collagen and aggrecan. - ANSWER -
Articular Cartilage
The produce enzymes and other proteins that slowly break down and reform the matrix,
allowing for regeneration. - ANSWER -Chondrocytes
Stress caused by being overweight or physical trauma can cause to speed up the matrix
breakdown process relative to the reformation process, leading to a thinning of the
articular cartilage. - ANSWER -Chondrocytes
The nurse is obtaining a health history from a female client who is 70 years of age. The
client has experienced two bone fractures over the past 5 years, one from an auto
accident and the other from a fall on ice. Which information most strongly supports a
concern about osteoporosis? - ANSWER -Experienced a total hysterectomy at age 35
, While teaching a group of student nurses about different types of fractures, the nursing
instructor says, "This fracture is characterized by the crushing of cancellous bone."
Which type of fracture is the nursing instructor describing? - ANSWER -Compression
A client is diagnosed with osteomalacia and undergoes therapy to correct the vitamin D
deficiency and normalize phosphate levels. Which outcome indicates the successful
completion of therapy? - ANSWER -The client is able to walk up and down stairs
comfortably.
The nurse is providing care for a client with nonunion at the site of a fracture in a lower
extremity. After 12 weeks of monitoring, the fracture site shows no signs of healing.
Which prescription does the nurse anticipate from the health-care provider? - ANSWER
-Placement of a bone graft at the site
Ida's x-ray showing her fractured hip had visible bone fragments. What type of fracture
does Ida have? - ANSWER -A comminuted fracture
Ian rolled his ankle at basketball practice. He is limping and struggling to put weight on
it. His ankle joint is visibly swollen and bruised. What injury has Ian sustained? -
ANSWER -A grade II sprain
Glucocorticoids inhibit vitamin-D dependent calcium absorption in the intestine. What
are patients on glucocorticoids therefore more susceptible to? - ANSWER -Rickets
Which symptom would a patient with cervical degenerative disk disease not
experience? - ANSWER -Low back pain
You are treating a patient admitted after a motor vehicle accident who sustained a
fracture to the tibia. During the initial exam, the patient's pain is severe, and an intra-
compartmental pressure monitor shows elevated compartment pressure. Which
complication does this patient have? - ANSWER -Compartment syndrome
is when inflammation of one or more joints are involved - ANSWER -Arthritis
is the most common type of degenerative joint disease, most commonly affected are the
cervical, lumbosacral spine, him, knee, and first metatarsal phalangeal joint. - ANSWER
-Osteoarthritis
and are telltale/ classic signs of osteoarthritis. Small bumps that grow on the joints
especially the fingers. - ANSWER -Heberden and Bouchard's nodes
is usually more prevalent in wrist, vertebrae & upper femur. - ANSWER -Osteoporosis
MUSCULOSKELETAL EXAM SET
REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
Bone formation occurs throughout life in the remodeling process, and requires adequate
in the diet - ANSWER -Calcium
Insufficient in the diet causes inadequate blood levels that stimulate parathyroid activity.
- ANSWER -Calcium
regulates blood calcium by stimulating bone remodeling, triggering vitamin D synthesis
in the kidney, enhancing GI absorption of calcium and reabsorbing calcium in the
kidney. - ANSWER -PTH
deterioration of bone caused by insufficient blood supply, is commonly associated with
fractures of the femoral head and neck, scaphoid, neck and body, and proximal
humerus - ANSWER -AVN, Avascular necrosis
is associated with pain and weakness, the examiner will find motor weakness, abnormal
gait and lack or rehab progress. - ANSWER -AVN, Avascular necrosis
Treatment of involves surgical removal of the necrotic bone. - ANSWER -AVN,
Avascular necrosis
is the thinning and breakdown of the articular cartilage that covers joints and acts as a
lubricant and cushion - ANSWER -Articular Degeneration
The is comprised of Chondrocytes in a matrix of collagen and aggrecan. - ANSWER -
Articular Cartilage
The produce enzymes and other proteins that slowly break down and reform the matrix,
allowing for regeneration. - ANSWER -Chondrocytes
Stress caused by being overweight or physical trauma can cause to speed up the matrix
breakdown process relative to the reformation process, leading to a thinning of the
articular cartilage. - ANSWER -Chondrocytes
The nurse is obtaining a health history from a female client who is 70 years of age. The
client has experienced two bone fractures over the past 5 years, one from an auto
accident and the other from a fall on ice. Which information most strongly supports a
concern about osteoporosis? - ANSWER -Experienced a total hysterectomy at age 35
, While teaching a group of student nurses about different types of fractures, the nursing
instructor says, "This fracture is characterized by the crushing of cancellous bone."
Which type of fracture is the nursing instructor describing? - ANSWER -Compression
A client is diagnosed with osteomalacia and undergoes therapy to correct the vitamin D
deficiency and normalize phosphate levels. Which outcome indicates the successful
completion of therapy? - ANSWER -The client is able to walk up and down stairs
comfortably.
The nurse is providing care for a client with nonunion at the site of a fracture in a lower
extremity. After 12 weeks of monitoring, the fracture site shows no signs of healing.
Which prescription does the nurse anticipate from the health-care provider? - ANSWER
-Placement of a bone graft at the site
Ida's x-ray showing her fractured hip had visible bone fragments. What type of fracture
does Ida have? - ANSWER -A comminuted fracture
Ian rolled his ankle at basketball practice. He is limping and struggling to put weight on
it. His ankle joint is visibly swollen and bruised. What injury has Ian sustained? -
ANSWER -A grade II sprain
Glucocorticoids inhibit vitamin-D dependent calcium absorption in the intestine. What
are patients on glucocorticoids therefore more susceptible to? - ANSWER -Rickets
Which symptom would a patient with cervical degenerative disk disease not
experience? - ANSWER -Low back pain
You are treating a patient admitted after a motor vehicle accident who sustained a
fracture to the tibia. During the initial exam, the patient's pain is severe, and an intra-
compartmental pressure monitor shows elevated compartment pressure. Which
complication does this patient have? - ANSWER -Compartment syndrome
is when inflammation of one or more joints are involved - ANSWER -Arthritis
is the most common type of degenerative joint disease, most commonly affected are the
cervical, lumbosacral spine, him, knee, and first metatarsal phalangeal joint. - ANSWER
-Osteoarthritis
and are telltale/ classic signs of osteoarthritis. Small bumps that grow on the joints
especially the fingers. - ANSWER -Heberden and Bouchard's nodes
is usually more prevalent in wrist, vertebrae & upper femur. - ANSWER -Osteoporosis
