[HAADPHYSIO] HAAD PHYSIO DOH
Licensureination for Physiotherapy
Certification Exam Preparation
**Question 1. Which of the following structures is NOT part of the rotator cuff?**
A) Supraspinatus
B) Infraspinatus
C) Subscapularis
D) Deltoid
Answer: D
Explanation: The rotator cuff consists of supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and
subscapularis. The deltoid is a separate shoulder muscle.
**Question 2. The Lachman test primarily assesses integrity of which ligament?**
A) Posterior cruciate ligament
B) Medial collateral ligament
C) Anterior cruciate ligament
D) Lateral collateral ligament
Answer: C
Explanation: The Lachman test evaluates anterior translation of the tibia relative to the femur,
indicating ACL stability.
**Question 3. In the Maitland grading system, a Grade III mobilization is best described as:**
A) Small amplitude oscillatory movement within the range
B) Large amplitude oscillatory movement within the range
C) Large amplitude movement up to the point of resistance
D) Small amplitude movement at the end of the range
Answer: C
, [HAADPHYSIO] HAAD PHYSIO DOH
Licensureination for Physiotherapy
Certification Exam Preparation
Explanation: Grade III is a large amplitude thrust to the point of resistance, used to stretch
peri‑articular structures.
**Question 4. Which of the following is a contraindication for high‑velocity, low‑amplitude
(HVLA) thrust techniques?**
A) Osteoarthritis of the knee
B) Acute vertebral fracture
C) Chronic low back pain
D) Post‑operative total hip replacement
Answer: B
Explanation: HVLA thrusts should not be performed over an acute fracture due to risk of
displacement.
**Question 5. The most appropriate initial management for an acute Grade II hamstring strain
includes:**
A) Immediate surgical repair
B) Cryotherapy and compression for 48 hours
C) Heat therapy and massage
D) Full weight‑bearing activity
Answer: B
Explanation: Cryotherapy reduces swelling and pain; compression assists in controlling edema in
the acute phase.
**Question 6. Which gait deviation is most characteristic of a patient with Parkinson’s
disease?**
, [HAADPHYSIO] HAAD PHYSIO DOH
Licensureination for Physiotherapy
Certification Exam Preparation
A) Ataxic gait
B. Hemiplegic gait
C) Festinating gait
D. Antalgic gait
Answer: C
Explanation: Festinating gait (short, rapid steps) is typical of Parkinsonian patients due to
bradykinesia and rigidity.
**Question 7. The Bobath concept primarily focuses on:**
A) Strengthening agonist muscles only
B) Inhibition of spastic muscles through high‑intensity stretching
C) Facilitating normal movement patterns and inhibiting abnormal tone
D. Use of electrical stimulation for motor relearning
Answer: C
Explanation: Bobath (NDT) aims to promote normal movement sequences while reducing
abnormal tone and reflexes.
**Question 8. A patient with a spinal cord injury at T12 presents with preserved upper limb
function but absent lower limb voluntary movement. This level of injury is classified as:**
A. Quadriplegia
B. Paraplegia
C. Tetraplegia
D. Hemiplegia
Answer: B
, [HAADPHYSIO] HAAD PHYSIO DOH
Licensureination for Physiotherapy
Certification Exam Preparation
Explanation: Injury below the thoracic level affects lower limbs only, resulting in paraplegia.
**Question 9. The Modified Ashworth Scale is used to assess:**
A. Balance performance
B. Spasticity severity
C. Muscle strength
D. Pain intensity
Answer: B
Explanation: The scale grades resistance during passive soft‑tissue stretching, indicating the
level of spasticity.
**Question 10. Which of the following is the most reliable outcome measure for assessing
balance in post‑stroke patients?**
A. Timed Up and Go (TUG)
B. Berg Balance Scale (BBS)
C. Six‑Minute Walk Test (6MWT)
D. Functional Independence Measure (FIM)
Answer: B
Explanation: The BBS evaluates 14 balance tasks and has high reliability and validity for stroke
populations.
**Question 11. In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the most
effective airway clearance technique is:**
A. Postural drainage with head‑down tilt
B. Active Cycle of Breathing Technique (ACBT)
Licensureination for Physiotherapy
Certification Exam Preparation
**Question 1. Which of the following structures is NOT part of the rotator cuff?**
A) Supraspinatus
B) Infraspinatus
C) Subscapularis
D) Deltoid
Answer: D
Explanation: The rotator cuff consists of supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and
subscapularis. The deltoid is a separate shoulder muscle.
**Question 2. The Lachman test primarily assesses integrity of which ligament?**
A) Posterior cruciate ligament
B) Medial collateral ligament
C) Anterior cruciate ligament
D) Lateral collateral ligament
Answer: C
Explanation: The Lachman test evaluates anterior translation of the tibia relative to the femur,
indicating ACL stability.
**Question 3. In the Maitland grading system, a Grade III mobilization is best described as:**
A) Small amplitude oscillatory movement within the range
B) Large amplitude oscillatory movement within the range
C) Large amplitude movement up to the point of resistance
D) Small amplitude movement at the end of the range
Answer: C
, [HAADPHYSIO] HAAD PHYSIO DOH
Licensureination for Physiotherapy
Certification Exam Preparation
Explanation: Grade III is a large amplitude thrust to the point of resistance, used to stretch
peri‑articular structures.
**Question 4. Which of the following is a contraindication for high‑velocity, low‑amplitude
(HVLA) thrust techniques?**
A) Osteoarthritis of the knee
B) Acute vertebral fracture
C) Chronic low back pain
D) Post‑operative total hip replacement
Answer: B
Explanation: HVLA thrusts should not be performed over an acute fracture due to risk of
displacement.
**Question 5. The most appropriate initial management for an acute Grade II hamstring strain
includes:**
A) Immediate surgical repair
B) Cryotherapy and compression for 48 hours
C) Heat therapy and massage
D) Full weight‑bearing activity
Answer: B
Explanation: Cryotherapy reduces swelling and pain; compression assists in controlling edema in
the acute phase.
**Question 6. Which gait deviation is most characteristic of a patient with Parkinson’s
disease?**
, [HAADPHYSIO] HAAD PHYSIO DOH
Licensureination for Physiotherapy
Certification Exam Preparation
A) Ataxic gait
B. Hemiplegic gait
C) Festinating gait
D. Antalgic gait
Answer: C
Explanation: Festinating gait (short, rapid steps) is typical of Parkinsonian patients due to
bradykinesia and rigidity.
**Question 7. The Bobath concept primarily focuses on:**
A) Strengthening agonist muscles only
B) Inhibition of spastic muscles through high‑intensity stretching
C) Facilitating normal movement patterns and inhibiting abnormal tone
D. Use of electrical stimulation for motor relearning
Answer: C
Explanation: Bobath (NDT) aims to promote normal movement sequences while reducing
abnormal tone and reflexes.
**Question 8. A patient with a spinal cord injury at T12 presents with preserved upper limb
function but absent lower limb voluntary movement. This level of injury is classified as:**
A. Quadriplegia
B. Paraplegia
C. Tetraplegia
D. Hemiplegia
Answer: B
, [HAADPHYSIO] HAAD PHYSIO DOH
Licensureination for Physiotherapy
Certification Exam Preparation
Explanation: Injury below the thoracic level affects lower limbs only, resulting in paraplegia.
**Question 9. The Modified Ashworth Scale is used to assess:**
A. Balance performance
B. Spasticity severity
C. Muscle strength
D. Pain intensity
Answer: B
Explanation: The scale grades resistance during passive soft‑tissue stretching, indicating the
level of spasticity.
**Question 10. Which of the following is the most reliable outcome measure for assessing
balance in post‑stroke patients?**
A. Timed Up and Go (TUG)
B. Berg Balance Scale (BBS)
C. Six‑Minute Walk Test (6MWT)
D. Functional Independence Measure (FIM)
Answer: B
Explanation: The BBS evaluates 14 balance tasks and has high reliability and validity for stroke
populations.
**Question 11. In patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the most
effective airway clearance technique is:**
A. Postural drainage with head‑down tilt
B. Active Cycle of Breathing Technique (ACBT)
