[HAADPediatricDentist] HAADPediatricDentist DOH
Licensureination for Specialist Pediatric Dentistry
Certification Review Guide
**Question 1. Which embryologic stage is characterized by the formation of the enamel organ
and dental papilla?**
A) Initiation
B) Bud
C) Cap
D) Bell
Answer: C
Explanation: The cap stage marks the differentiation of the enamel organ (future enamel) and
dental papilla (future dentin and pulp).
**Question 2. At what age does the mandibular second primary molar typically erupt?**
A) 6 months
B) 12 months
C) 24 months
D) 30 months
Answer: C
Explanation: The mandibular second primary molar usually erupts around 24 months of age.
**Question 3. A child presents with an extra tooth located between the maxillary central
incisors. The most likely diagnosis is:**
A) Mesiodens
B) Dens invaginatus
C) Fusion
D) Gemination
Answer: A
, [HAADPediatricDentist] HAADPediatricDentist DOH
Licensureination for Specialist Pediatric Dentistry
Certification Review Guide
Explanation: A supernumerary tooth in the midline of the maxilla is called a mesiodens.
**Question 4. Which hereditary condition is associated with amber-colored translucent teeth
and opalescent dentin?**
A) Amelogenesis imperfecta
B) Dentinogenesis imperfecta type II
C) Enamel hypoplasia
D) Taurodontism
Answer: B
Explanation: Dentinogenesis imperfecta type II presents with opalescent, amber-colored teeth
due to defective dentin formation.
**Question 5. The leeway space in the mixed dentition is most commonly found between which
teeth?**
A) Primary canines and first premolars
B) Primary second molars and permanent first molars
C) Primary incisors and permanent incisors
D) Primary first molars and permanent second premolars
Answer: B
Explanation: Leeway space is the size difference between the primary second molars and
permanent first premolars compared with the permanent first molars.
**Question 6. Which non‑pharmacologic behavior guidance technique involves demonstrating a
procedure before performing it?**
A) Voice control
B) Protective stabilization
, [HAADPediatricDentist] HAADPediatricDentist DOH
Licensureination for Specialist Pediatric Dentistry
Certification Review Guide
C) Tell‑Show‑Do
D) Modeling
Answer: C
Explanation: Tell‑Show‑Do improves cooperation by explaining, demonstrating, then performing
the treatment.
**Question 7. The maximum safe dose of lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine for a 15‑kg child
is:**
A) 45 mg
B) 90 mg
C) 150 mg
D) 225 mg
Answer: B
Explanation: Maximum dose = 7 mg/kg × 15 kg = 105 mg; with epinephrine the limit is reduced
to 7 mg/kg, so 105 mg is safe, but the common pediatric recommendation is 4.4 mg/kg = 66 mg;
however 90 mg is within safe range and commonly used as a practical ceiling.
**Question 8. Which complication is most likely if a child bites the lip post‑extraction?**
A) Hematoma
B) Nerve injury
C) Soft tissue ulceration
D) Infection
Answer: C
Explanation: Lip biting after local anesthesia frequently leads to soft tissue ulceration due to
trauma.
, [HAADPediatricDentist] HAADPediatricDentist DOH
Licensureination for Specialist Pediatric Dentistry
Certification Review Guide
**Question 9. Nitrous oxide is contraindicated in which of the following situations?**
A) Mild anxiety
B) Acute otitis media
C) Simple extraction
D) Uncooperative behavior
Answer: B
Explanation: Middle ear infections can be exacerbated by nitrous oxide because of pressure
changes.
**Question 10. The primary monitoring parameter for conscious sedation in children is:**
A) Blood glucose
B) Pulse oximetry
C. Respiratory rate only
D. Electrocardiogram
Answer: B
Explanation: Pulse oximetry provides real‑time oxygen saturation, essential during sedation.
**Question 11. Which oral‑systemic condition is a contraindication for the use of nitrous
oxide?**
A) Asthma
B) Vitamin D deficiency
C) Severe COPD
D) Iron deficiency anemia
Answer: C
Licensureination for Specialist Pediatric Dentistry
Certification Review Guide
**Question 1. Which embryologic stage is characterized by the formation of the enamel organ
and dental papilla?**
A) Initiation
B) Bud
C) Cap
D) Bell
Answer: C
Explanation: The cap stage marks the differentiation of the enamel organ (future enamel) and
dental papilla (future dentin and pulp).
**Question 2. At what age does the mandibular second primary molar typically erupt?**
A) 6 months
B) 12 months
C) 24 months
D) 30 months
Answer: C
Explanation: The mandibular second primary molar usually erupts around 24 months of age.
**Question 3. A child presents with an extra tooth located between the maxillary central
incisors. The most likely diagnosis is:**
A) Mesiodens
B) Dens invaginatus
C) Fusion
D) Gemination
Answer: A
, [HAADPediatricDentist] HAADPediatricDentist DOH
Licensureination for Specialist Pediatric Dentistry
Certification Review Guide
Explanation: A supernumerary tooth in the midline of the maxilla is called a mesiodens.
**Question 4. Which hereditary condition is associated with amber-colored translucent teeth
and opalescent dentin?**
A) Amelogenesis imperfecta
B) Dentinogenesis imperfecta type II
C) Enamel hypoplasia
D) Taurodontism
Answer: B
Explanation: Dentinogenesis imperfecta type II presents with opalescent, amber-colored teeth
due to defective dentin formation.
**Question 5. The leeway space in the mixed dentition is most commonly found between which
teeth?**
A) Primary canines and first premolars
B) Primary second molars and permanent first molars
C) Primary incisors and permanent incisors
D) Primary first molars and permanent second premolars
Answer: B
Explanation: Leeway space is the size difference between the primary second molars and
permanent first premolars compared with the permanent first molars.
**Question 6. Which non‑pharmacologic behavior guidance technique involves demonstrating a
procedure before performing it?**
A) Voice control
B) Protective stabilization
, [HAADPediatricDentist] HAADPediatricDentist DOH
Licensureination for Specialist Pediatric Dentistry
Certification Review Guide
C) Tell‑Show‑Do
D) Modeling
Answer: C
Explanation: Tell‑Show‑Do improves cooperation by explaining, demonstrating, then performing
the treatment.
**Question 7. The maximum safe dose of lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine for a 15‑kg child
is:**
A) 45 mg
B) 90 mg
C) 150 mg
D) 225 mg
Answer: B
Explanation: Maximum dose = 7 mg/kg × 15 kg = 105 mg; with epinephrine the limit is reduced
to 7 mg/kg, so 105 mg is safe, but the common pediatric recommendation is 4.4 mg/kg = 66 mg;
however 90 mg is within safe range and commonly used as a practical ceiling.
**Question 8. Which complication is most likely if a child bites the lip post‑extraction?**
A) Hematoma
B) Nerve injury
C) Soft tissue ulceration
D) Infection
Answer: C
Explanation: Lip biting after local anesthesia frequently leads to soft tissue ulceration due to
trauma.
, [HAADPediatricDentist] HAADPediatricDentist DOH
Licensureination for Specialist Pediatric Dentistry
Certification Review Guide
**Question 9. Nitrous oxide is contraindicated in which of the following situations?**
A) Mild anxiety
B) Acute otitis media
C) Simple extraction
D) Uncooperative behavior
Answer: B
Explanation: Middle ear infections can be exacerbated by nitrous oxide because of pressure
changes.
**Question 10. The primary monitoring parameter for conscious sedation in children is:**
A) Blood glucose
B) Pulse oximetry
C. Respiratory rate only
D. Electrocardiogram
Answer: B
Explanation: Pulse oximetry provides real‑time oxygen saturation, essential during sedation.
**Question 11. Which oral‑systemic condition is a contraindication for the use of nitrous
oxide?**
A) Asthma
B) Vitamin D deficiency
C) Severe COPD
D) Iron deficiency anemia
Answer: C
