Illinois Pesticide Applicator Exam with precise detailed answers

Illinois Pesticide Applicator Exam with precise detailed answers
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economic (action) threshold - ✔✔the number of pests per plant or the amount of damage to
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a plant at which point control measures should begin
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economic injury level - ✔✔breakeven point at which the cost of pest control equals the
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revenue loss caused by a pest
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aesthetic injury level - ✔✔number of pests that might cause enough damage to the
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appearance of a plant to warrant the cost of control
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cultural control - ✔✔soil preparation, fertility, planting date/site, spacing, plant selection,
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crop rotation, mulching, mowing
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mechanical control - ✔✔cultivating, pruning, hoeing, weed pulling, mowing, hand picking
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biological control - ✔✔predators, parasites, diseases
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preventative control - ✔✔quarantines, inspections, certified seed
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chemical control - ✔✔apply at proper time based on scouting after considering other
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options



incomplete development - ✔✔insects with this have three life states; eggs hatch into
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nymphs that will molt several times before molting into adults; adults then mate and lay
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eggs to complete life cycle; dragonflies, grasshoppers, thrips, sting bugs, damsel bugs,
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aphids, leafhoppers ||

, ametabolous - ✔✔the immature stages look and act like the adults except that they are
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smaller and cannot reproduce || || ||




hemimetabolous - ✔✔aquatic immature stages live in a different environment and look less || || || || || || || || || || || ||




like the adults
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paurometabolous - ✔✔metamorphosis to the adult state is gradual without any sudden || || || || || || || || || || || ||




radical change in body form || || || ||




complete development - ✔✔insects with this have four life states; eggs hatch into larvae
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that molt several times before turning into pupae; adults emerge from pupae and mate
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before laying eggs; lacewings, beetles, butterflies, moths, flies, sawflies, bees, ants, wasps
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mites - ✔✔spiderlike and as adults have 4 pairs of jointed legs;feed on decaying organic
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matter; feeding turns foliage and buds yellow then brown
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ticks - ✔✔large mites with leathery skin; can transmit diseases
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noninfectious disease - ✔✔generally the result of unfavorable growing conditions such as
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temp/moisture extremes, soil compaction, excess pesticide application; caused by || || || || || || || || ||




pathogens; cannot be spread from one plant to another and cannot be controlled by using
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pesticides



fungal disease - ✔✔wilting, yellowing, blotching, spotting of leaves, root rot; organisms
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spread by rain, wind, insects, seeds, equipment
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bacteria - ✔✔depend on wind, animals, insects, farm equipment, to get to host plants;
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cannot move on its own; enter the plant through wounds/openings; cause wilting, soft
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roots, leaf blights, cankers, and spots
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