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Liver overview
-Dual blood supply
-Hepatic artery = Oxygenated blood
-Portal vein = Nutrient-rich blood from GI tract
Liver functions
-Blood storage and blood filtration
-Metabolism of carbs, fats, and proteins
-Drug and toxin detoxification
-Bile production
-Storage of vitamins ADEK and iron
-Synthesis (prothrombin and factors II, VII, IX, and X) and removal of clotting factors
Goals of Healthy People 2030
-Decrease the incidence of HCV
-Decrease the rates of acute HAV and HBV
-Increase the diagnosis of people living with chronic HBV
-Decrease the rate of deaths secondary to HBV and HCV, cirrhosis, acute HAV and
HCV
Viral hepatitis
, -Most common
-includes HAV, HBV, HCV, HDV, HEV, and HGV
Toxic hepatitis
Caused by:
-Chronic ETOH use
-Medications (acetaminophen, anabolic steroids, statins, TUMERIC, etc.)
-Toxins (industrial chemicals, phosphors, mushrooms, etc.)
Autoimmune hepatitis
Immune system response causes inflammation
Clinical manifestations of hepatitis
-RUQ abd pain
-Irritability
-Pruritus (excessive itching of the skin r/t bile salts)
-Malaise
-Fever
-Vomiting
-Jaundice
Lab abnormalities for hepatitis
-Increase in LFTs (ALT and AST)
-Increase in total and direct bilirubin
-Increase in serum ammonia
-DECREASE in serum albumin
What is albumin?