WGU PATHO D236 EXAM Q&A
__________ occurs when you overextend or tear a ligament while severely stressing a
joint. And _________ occurs when tendons (bands at the end of muscles that connect
muscles to bones) get stretched or pulled away from the bone. - ANSWER -Sprains and
Strains
# *Painful periods (dysmenorrhea)*. Pelvic pain and cramping may begin before and
extend several days into a menstrual period.
#Lower back and abdominal pain.
#Pain with intercourse. Pain during or after sex is common with endometriosis.
#Pain with bowel movements or urination. You're most likely to experience these
symptoms during a menstrual period.
#Excessive bleeding. You may experience occasional heavy menstrual periods or
bleeding between periods (intermenstrual bleeding).
#Infertility. Sometimes, endometriosis is first diagnosed in those seeking treatment for
infertility.
#Fatigue, diarrhea, constipation, bloating or nausea, especially during menstrual
periods. - ANSWER -Endometriosis
This is an *autoimmune disease of the large intestine*, specifically the *colon and
rectum*.
It affects the mucosal layer of the large intestine. - ANSWER -Ulcerative colitis
*____________1 only affects the large intestine*, while *______________2 can affect
the entire length of the gastrointestinal tract*. While diarrhea can occur in both,
_______________1 is more likely to present with blood in the stool.
A colonoscopy will show pseudopolyps for ___________1 but will show a cobblestone
appearance for _____________2. - ANSWER -1. ulcerative colitis and crohns (2)
This can be caused by
#Gallstones
#Excessive alcohol consumption
#High blood triglycerides
#Abdominal injury,
#Certain medications and toxins. - ANSWER -Pancreatitis
, Patients with suspected _________________ require genetic testing and hormone level
evaluation. Echocardiogram, bone density, and bone age testing are necessary.
Treatment involves estrogen therapy and growth hormone administration. The patient
should be treated symptomatically for all other effects of the disease.
#Underdeveloped ovaries (sterile)
#Short stature (~ 4'7")
#Webbing of the neck
#Edema
#Underdeveloped breasts; wide nipples
#High number of aborted fetuses - ANSWER -Turner Syndrome
This is the swelling or accumulation of the fluid due to a blockage in the lymphatic
system caused by scar tissues from damaged lymph vessels or lymph nodes.
It is often seen in patients who had their lymph nodes removed and had surgery or
radiation to remove cancer. - ANSWER -Lymphedema
This is the medical term for enlargement in one or more lymph nodes, usually due to
infection.
Lymph nodes are filled with white blood cells that help the body fight infections. -
ANSWER -Lymphadenitis
Enlarged lymph nodes that become palpable and tender. - ANSWER -
Lymphadenopathy
The cardinal feature of this is
#Painless, intermittent, gross hematuria.
#Frequency, pain, and burning on urination.
#Sensation of incomplete bladder emptying.
Some types of this present similarly to a UTI with urgency, frequency, and dysuria.
A chromosomal disorder in females in which either an *X chromosome* is missing,
making the person XO instead of XX, or part of one X chromosome is deleted. -
ANSWER -Turner syndrome
A human genetic disease caused by a recessive allele for a dysfunctional enzyme leads
to the accumulation of certain lipids in the brain.
Seizures, blindness, and degeneration of motor and mental performance usually
become manifest a few months after birth, followed by death within a few years. -
ANSWER -Tay-Sachs Disease
__________ occurs when you overextend or tear a ligament while severely stressing a
joint. And _________ occurs when tendons (bands at the end of muscles that connect
muscles to bones) get stretched or pulled away from the bone. - ANSWER -Sprains and
Strains
# *Painful periods (dysmenorrhea)*. Pelvic pain and cramping may begin before and
extend several days into a menstrual period.
#Lower back and abdominal pain.
#Pain with intercourse. Pain during or after sex is common with endometriosis.
#Pain with bowel movements or urination. You're most likely to experience these
symptoms during a menstrual period.
#Excessive bleeding. You may experience occasional heavy menstrual periods or
bleeding between periods (intermenstrual bleeding).
#Infertility. Sometimes, endometriosis is first diagnosed in those seeking treatment for
infertility.
#Fatigue, diarrhea, constipation, bloating or nausea, especially during menstrual
periods. - ANSWER -Endometriosis
This is an *autoimmune disease of the large intestine*, specifically the *colon and
rectum*.
It affects the mucosal layer of the large intestine. - ANSWER -Ulcerative colitis
*____________1 only affects the large intestine*, while *______________2 can affect
the entire length of the gastrointestinal tract*. While diarrhea can occur in both,
_______________1 is more likely to present with blood in the stool.
A colonoscopy will show pseudopolyps for ___________1 but will show a cobblestone
appearance for _____________2. - ANSWER -1. ulcerative colitis and crohns (2)
This can be caused by
#Gallstones
#Excessive alcohol consumption
#High blood triglycerides
#Abdominal injury,
#Certain medications and toxins. - ANSWER -Pancreatitis
, Patients with suspected _________________ require genetic testing and hormone level
evaluation. Echocardiogram, bone density, and bone age testing are necessary.
Treatment involves estrogen therapy and growth hormone administration. The patient
should be treated symptomatically for all other effects of the disease.
#Underdeveloped ovaries (sterile)
#Short stature (~ 4'7")
#Webbing of the neck
#Edema
#Underdeveloped breasts; wide nipples
#High number of aborted fetuses - ANSWER -Turner Syndrome
This is the swelling or accumulation of the fluid due to a blockage in the lymphatic
system caused by scar tissues from damaged lymph vessels or lymph nodes.
It is often seen in patients who had their lymph nodes removed and had surgery or
radiation to remove cancer. - ANSWER -Lymphedema
This is the medical term for enlargement in one or more lymph nodes, usually due to
infection.
Lymph nodes are filled with white blood cells that help the body fight infections. -
ANSWER -Lymphadenitis
Enlarged lymph nodes that become palpable and tender. - ANSWER -
Lymphadenopathy
The cardinal feature of this is
#Painless, intermittent, gross hematuria.
#Frequency, pain, and burning on urination.
#Sensation of incomplete bladder emptying.
Some types of this present similarly to a UTI with urgency, frequency, and dysuria.
A chromosomal disorder in females in which either an *X chromosome* is missing,
making the person XO instead of XX, or part of one X chromosome is deleted. -
ANSWER -Turner syndrome
A human genetic disease caused by a recessive allele for a dysfunctional enzyme leads
to the accumulation of certain lipids in the brain.
Seizures, blindness, and degeneration of motor and mental performance usually
become manifest a few months after birth, followed by death within a few years. -
ANSWER -Tay-Sachs Disease
