BIO 358 Exam 3 Fill in the Blank Questions With Complete
Solutions
Hypothesis: Human ______ is a sexually selected behavior.
displays elite skill to attract mate
singing
Non-kin conflicts of interest = _______ --> limited exchange of
contingent info
hostile manipulation problem
Humans control COIs --> communication of extensive amounts
of _______ info between non-kin
contingent
Access to _______ allows for humans to cost effectively
ostracize liars who would contribute false info
coercive threat
_______ underwent strong intensive selection in 10,000-20,000
years like selection seen in humans
dogs
Dogs can understand symbolic _______ signs and execute tasks
based on _______
manual; language
_______: ability to infer meaning of words from context
Fast mapping
,Dogs ________ modified to communicate with humans
vocal chords
Language explodes just after ______ mya
1.8
_______= ALL modalities of elite communication including
speech, symbolic manual sign and teaching by demonstration
Language
Human _______ allow for airstreams
vocal chords
_______ consists of three air columns which can vibrate
separately to produce pitch and timbe similar to clarinet
Vocal tract
______ is three flexible bones
Chimp hyoid
______ is fused in single more sturdy and rigid bone
Modern human hyoid
_______ is bigger heavier, odd shapes for attachment to muscles
for speech that allow extensive vocalization
Human hyoid
_______ is indistinguishable from modern human hyoid
Neanderthal
, _______ (500,000-700,000 years ago) is common ancestor of
humans and Neanderthals
Homo heidelbergensis
Homo heidelbergensis also had modern hyoid --> ______ is at
least 500,000 years ago
speech
Ausralopithecus afarensis (3mya) had ______ hyoid
chimp
Language structure is ______ unique to humans
NOT
________: letters make up words, which make up phrases,
which make up clauses
Humans
________: songs are made of subunits that come together to
form larger complex units
Nightingale birdsong
_______ can occur between non-human animals but only occurs
between kin conspecifics
Symbolic communication
_______ mimic mother and can also mimic humans by
transforming human body to its own --> transformation of
abstract info to mimic the human movements
Dolphin
Solutions
Hypothesis: Human ______ is a sexually selected behavior.
displays elite skill to attract mate
singing
Non-kin conflicts of interest = _______ --> limited exchange of
contingent info
hostile manipulation problem
Humans control COIs --> communication of extensive amounts
of _______ info between non-kin
contingent
Access to _______ allows for humans to cost effectively
ostracize liars who would contribute false info
coercive threat
_______ underwent strong intensive selection in 10,000-20,000
years like selection seen in humans
dogs
Dogs can understand symbolic _______ signs and execute tasks
based on _______
manual; language
_______: ability to infer meaning of words from context
Fast mapping
,Dogs ________ modified to communicate with humans
vocal chords
Language explodes just after ______ mya
1.8
_______= ALL modalities of elite communication including
speech, symbolic manual sign and teaching by demonstration
Language
Human _______ allow for airstreams
vocal chords
_______ consists of three air columns which can vibrate
separately to produce pitch and timbe similar to clarinet
Vocal tract
______ is three flexible bones
Chimp hyoid
______ is fused in single more sturdy and rigid bone
Modern human hyoid
_______ is bigger heavier, odd shapes for attachment to muscles
for speech that allow extensive vocalization
Human hyoid
_______ is indistinguishable from modern human hyoid
Neanderthal
, _______ (500,000-700,000 years ago) is common ancestor of
humans and Neanderthals
Homo heidelbergensis
Homo heidelbergensis also had modern hyoid --> ______ is at
least 500,000 years ago
speech
Ausralopithecus afarensis (3mya) had ______ hyoid
chimp
Language structure is ______ unique to humans
NOT
________: letters make up words, which make up phrases,
which make up clauses
Humans
________: songs are made of subunits that come together to
form larger complex units
Nightingale birdsong
_______ can occur between non-human animals but only occurs
between kin conspecifics
Symbolic communication
_______ mimic mother and can also mimic humans by
transforming human body to its own --> transformation of
abstract info to mimic the human movements
Dolphin
