WHNP BOARDS EXAM LATEST
What organism is most commonly responsible for mastitis? -
ANSWERS-Staph aureus
Tx for mastitis - ANSWERS-dicloxacillin 500 qd 10 days
TMP/SMX 1 tab BID
Continue breastfeeding, warm compress
Handwashing, breast care
Increase fluids
Tx for endometritis - ANSWERS-Broad spectrum antibiotics:
Amoxicillin/clavulanate (Augmentin) 875 mg PO q12hr
S/S of endometritis - ANSWERS-Elevated fever (up to 100.4)
chills
tachycardia
uterine tenderness, pelvic pain, subinvolution
Lochia: Scanty to profuse and may have an odor
Elevated WBC
END OF
PAGE
1
, WHNP BOARDS EXAM LATEST
Postpartum psychosis - ANSWERS-Early onset usually by day 3
postpartum. Characterized by delusions, hallucinations, agitation,
insomnia, confusion. Risk of infanticide usually secondary to delusion
about infant. maternal suicide risk also increased.
postpartum depression - ANSWERS-Most common 2-4 months
postpartum but can occur at any time in the first year. Characterized by
depressed mood for >2 weeks with change in appetite, sleep disturbance,
guilt, and worthlessness.
Tx for postpartum depression - ANSWERS-SSRI typically first line
treatment
Montgomery's Glands - ANSWERS-Sebaceous glands that circle the
nipple located within the areola
Normal uterine size - ANSWERS-8cm long x 5cm wide x 2.5cm think
Where is gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) released from? -
ANSWERS-Hypothalamus in a pulsatile fashion
END OF
PAGE
2
, WHNP BOARDS EXAM LATEST
What are gonadotropins? - ANSWERS-follicle-stimulating hormone
(FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) released from the anterior pituitary
in response to GnRH
What are androgens? - ANSWERS-Steroid hormones- estrogen &
progesterone- released by the ovaries in response to FSH & LH
Average age of menstruation? - ANSWERS-12.5 years old
Precocious puberty - ANSWERS-Breast or pubic hair development prior
to age 7 in Caucasian or 6 in African Americans. Most cases are
idiopathic, rule out congenital and neoplastic causes
Proliferative phase (uterine cycle) - ANSWERS-refers to the estrogen-
induced thickening of the endometrium
Secretory phase (uterine cycle) - ANSWERS-coincides with the luteal
phase of the ovarian cycle
Average 12-14 days
From ovulation to menses
Endometrial hypertrophy
END OF
PAGE
3
, WHNP BOARDS EXAM LATEST
Favorable to fertilized ovum
Average length of luteal phase? - ANSWERS-14 days
How long can sperm survive in the female reproductive tract? -
ANSWERS-3-5 days
phimosis - ANSWERS-stenosis or narrowing of foreskin so that it
cannot be retracted over the glans penis
Copper IUD mechanism of action - ANSWERS-HORMONE FREE
Copper may inhibit sperm capacitation
Alters tubal/uterine transport of ovum
Enzymatic influence on endometrium
Levonorgestrel IUD mechanism of action - ANSWERS-Progestin
influence
Thickens cervical mucous
Produces atrophic endometrium
Slows ovum transport through tube
END OF
PAGE
4
What organism is most commonly responsible for mastitis? -
ANSWERS-Staph aureus
Tx for mastitis - ANSWERS-dicloxacillin 500 qd 10 days
TMP/SMX 1 tab BID
Continue breastfeeding, warm compress
Handwashing, breast care
Increase fluids
Tx for endometritis - ANSWERS-Broad spectrum antibiotics:
Amoxicillin/clavulanate (Augmentin) 875 mg PO q12hr
S/S of endometritis - ANSWERS-Elevated fever (up to 100.4)
chills
tachycardia
uterine tenderness, pelvic pain, subinvolution
Lochia: Scanty to profuse and may have an odor
Elevated WBC
END OF
PAGE
1
, WHNP BOARDS EXAM LATEST
Postpartum psychosis - ANSWERS-Early onset usually by day 3
postpartum. Characterized by delusions, hallucinations, agitation,
insomnia, confusion. Risk of infanticide usually secondary to delusion
about infant. maternal suicide risk also increased.
postpartum depression - ANSWERS-Most common 2-4 months
postpartum but can occur at any time in the first year. Characterized by
depressed mood for >2 weeks with change in appetite, sleep disturbance,
guilt, and worthlessness.
Tx for postpartum depression - ANSWERS-SSRI typically first line
treatment
Montgomery's Glands - ANSWERS-Sebaceous glands that circle the
nipple located within the areola
Normal uterine size - ANSWERS-8cm long x 5cm wide x 2.5cm think
Where is gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) released from? -
ANSWERS-Hypothalamus in a pulsatile fashion
END OF
PAGE
2
, WHNP BOARDS EXAM LATEST
What are gonadotropins? - ANSWERS-follicle-stimulating hormone
(FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) released from the anterior pituitary
in response to GnRH
What are androgens? - ANSWERS-Steroid hormones- estrogen &
progesterone- released by the ovaries in response to FSH & LH
Average age of menstruation? - ANSWERS-12.5 years old
Precocious puberty - ANSWERS-Breast or pubic hair development prior
to age 7 in Caucasian or 6 in African Americans. Most cases are
idiopathic, rule out congenital and neoplastic causes
Proliferative phase (uterine cycle) - ANSWERS-refers to the estrogen-
induced thickening of the endometrium
Secretory phase (uterine cycle) - ANSWERS-coincides with the luteal
phase of the ovarian cycle
Average 12-14 days
From ovulation to menses
Endometrial hypertrophy
END OF
PAGE
3
, WHNP BOARDS EXAM LATEST
Favorable to fertilized ovum
Average length of luteal phase? - ANSWERS-14 days
How long can sperm survive in the female reproductive tract? -
ANSWERS-3-5 days
phimosis - ANSWERS-stenosis or narrowing of foreskin so that it
cannot be retracted over the glans penis
Copper IUD mechanism of action - ANSWERS-HORMONE FREE
Copper may inhibit sperm capacitation
Alters tubal/uterine transport of ovum
Enzymatic influence on endometrium
Levonorgestrel IUD mechanism of action - ANSWERS-Progestin
influence
Thickens cervical mucous
Produces atrophic endometrium
Slows ovum transport through tube
END OF
PAGE
4
