Anatomy and physiology Mcgraw Hill
Exam 1 2025/2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS | GUARANTEED
PASS BRAND NEW VERSION
1. Proteins that do not protrude into the phospholipid bilayer, but adhere to the
surface of the plasma membrane, are called __________. - ANSWER
Peripheral proteins
2. Which of the following is not one of the three basic components of a cell? -
ANSWER Interstitial Fluid
3. Transcription occurs in the __________, but most translation occurs in the
__________. - ANSWER Nucleus, Cytoplasm
4. Which one of the following is not in the correct anatomical position? -
ANSWER Palms Facing Hips
5. A __________ is composed of a granular cluster of eight proteins called
__________ with DNA wound around them. - ANSWER nucleosome,
histones
6. The study of the structure and function of cells is called ___________. -
ANSWER Cytology
,7. T/F ATP is the body's most important form of long-term energy storage. -
ANSWER False
8. We live in an ever-changing environment outside of our body, yet our
internal conditions remain relatively stable. This is called __________. -
ANSWER Homeostasis
9. An enzyme is substrate-specific because of the shape of its __________. -
ANSWER Active site
10.Which of the following lists levels of human structure from the most
complex to the simplest? - ANSWER Organ system, organ, Tissue, cell,
organelle
11._____________ is the process in which ____________ forces water and
small solutes, such as salts, through narrow clefts between capillary cells. -
ANSWER Filtration, hydrostatic pressure
12.T/F The liver is proximal to the diaphragm. - ANSWER False
13.anatomy - ANSWER study of structure and form; derived from Greek word
Anatome which means to cut apart or dissect; Anatomists study structure
and form of organims studying the relationships among parts of the body
and the structure of individual organs
14.physiology - ANSWER the study of function of the body parts;
physiologists examine how organs and body systems function under normal
circumstances as well as how their functions are altered with medication or
disease
,15.branches of anatomy - ANSWER microscopic- structures that cannot be
observed to the unaided eye
(cytology- study of body cells and their internal structure;
histology- study of tissues)
gross anatomy- structures that can be observed to the unaided eye,; macroscopic
(systemic anatomy- anatomy of each body system;
16.regional anatomy- examines all of the structures in a particular region of the
body as a complete unit)
17.embryology - ANSWER discipline concerned with developmental changes
occuring from conception to birth
18.comparative A&P - ANSWER examines similarities and differences of
anatomy and physiology of different species
19.pathophysiology - ANSWER relationship between the functioning of an
organ system and disease or injury to that organ system
20.role of enzymes - ANSWER lower activation energy in chemical reactions,
subtrate enters active site, induced fit occurs, enzyme stressed substrate
bonds, lowering activation energy and facilitating the chemical reaction to
occur
21.plasma membrae - ANSWER forms the outer limiting barrier separating the
internal contents of the cell from the external environment; made up of
phospholipid bilayer,
, 22.nucleus - ANSWER largest structure within the cell and is enclosed by a
nuclear envelope. Contains genetic material, DNA, the fluid within the
nucleus is called the nucleoplasm, nucleolos is dark staining body
23.cytoplasm - ANSWER all cellular contents between the nucleus and cell
membrane
24.cytosol - ANSWER intracellular fluid, high water content
25.organelles - ANSWER little organs- complex organized structures within
cells; unique charecteristic shapes and functions
26.diffusion - ANSWER net movement of substance from where it is more
concentrated to where it is less concentrated
27.facilitated diffusion - ANSWER assists small solutes that are charge or
polar into the cell past the phospholipid bilayer; occurs through channel
mediated diffusion- water filled protein channels; carrier diffusion- assisted
by carrier proteins
28.osmosis - ANSWER the passive movement of water through a selectively
permeable membrane; occurs to even out concentrations in and out of cell
29.active transport - ANSWER opposes the movement of solutes by diffusion
and prevents the distribution of dissolved substances from reaching
equilibrium; moves a substance against a concentration gradient
Ex) sodium potassium pump- ion pump concentration gradients- moves Na+
continuously out the cell and K+ into the cell; must expend ATP to do this;
maintains electrochemical gradient which gives cell potential energy
Exam 1 2025/2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS | GUARANTEED
PASS BRAND NEW VERSION
1. Proteins that do not protrude into the phospholipid bilayer, but adhere to the
surface of the plasma membrane, are called __________. - ANSWER
Peripheral proteins
2. Which of the following is not one of the three basic components of a cell? -
ANSWER Interstitial Fluid
3. Transcription occurs in the __________, but most translation occurs in the
__________. - ANSWER Nucleus, Cytoplasm
4. Which one of the following is not in the correct anatomical position? -
ANSWER Palms Facing Hips
5. A __________ is composed of a granular cluster of eight proteins called
__________ with DNA wound around them. - ANSWER nucleosome,
histones
6. The study of the structure and function of cells is called ___________. -
ANSWER Cytology
,7. T/F ATP is the body's most important form of long-term energy storage. -
ANSWER False
8. We live in an ever-changing environment outside of our body, yet our
internal conditions remain relatively stable. This is called __________. -
ANSWER Homeostasis
9. An enzyme is substrate-specific because of the shape of its __________. -
ANSWER Active site
10.Which of the following lists levels of human structure from the most
complex to the simplest? - ANSWER Organ system, organ, Tissue, cell,
organelle
11._____________ is the process in which ____________ forces water and
small solutes, such as salts, through narrow clefts between capillary cells. -
ANSWER Filtration, hydrostatic pressure
12.T/F The liver is proximal to the diaphragm. - ANSWER False
13.anatomy - ANSWER study of structure and form; derived from Greek word
Anatome which means to cut apart or dissect; Anatomists study structure
and form of organims studying the relationships among parts of the body
and the structure of individual organs
14.physiology - ANSWER the study of function of the body parts;
physiologists examine how organs and body systems function under normal
circumstances as well as how their functions are altered with medication or
disease
,15.branches of anatomy - ANSWER microscopic- structures that cannot be
observed to the unaided eye
(cytology- study of body cells and their internal structure;
histology- study of tissues)
gross anatomy- structures that can be observed to the unaided eye,; macroscopic
(systemic anatomy- anatomy of each body system;
16.regional anatomy- examines all of the structures in a particular region of the
body as a complete unit)
17.embryology - ANSWER discipline concerned with developmental changes
occuring from conception to birth
18.comparative A&P - ANSWER examines similarities and differences of
anatomy and physiology of different species
19.pathophysiology - ANSWER relationship between the functioning of an
organ system and disease or injury to that organ system
20.role of enzymes - ANSWER lower activation energy in chemical reactions,
subtrate enters active site, induced fit occurs, enzyme stressed substrate
bonds, lowering activation energy and facilitating the chemical reaction to
occur
21.plasma membrae - ANSWER forms the outer limiting barrier separating the
internal contents of the cell from the external environment; made up of
phospholipid bilayer,
, 22.nucleus - ANSWER largest structure within the cell and is enclosed by a
nuclear envelope. Contains genetic material, DNA, the fluid within the
nucleus is called the nucleoplasm, nucleolos is dark staining body
23.cytoplasm - ANSWER all cellular contents between the nucleus and cell
membrane
24.cytosol - ANSWER intracellular fluid, high water content
25.organelles - ANSWER little organs- complex organized structures within
cells; unique charecteristic shapes and functions
26.diffusion - ANSWER net movement of substance from where it is more
concentrated to where it is less concentrated
27.facilitated diffusion - ANSWER assists small solutes that are charge or
polar into the cell past the phospholipid bilayer; occurs through channel
mediated diffusion- water filled protein channels; carrier diffusion- assisted
by carrier proteins
28.osmosis - ANSWER the passive movement of water through a selectively
permeable membrane; occurs to even out concentrations in and out of cell
29.active transport - ANSWER opposes the movement of solutes by diffusion
and prevents the distribution of dissolved substances from reaching
equilibrium; moves a substance against a concentration gradient
Ex) sodium potassium pump- ion pump concentration gradients- moves Na+
continuously out the cell and K+ into the cell; must expend ATP to do this;
maintains electrochemical gradient which gives cell potential energy
