Bio 208 - Test 1 Gardner F21 Questions With Complete
Solutions
Abduction Correct Answers Movement of limb away from the
midline
Active Transport Correct Answers Need ATP
Moving big stuff or moving against the gradient
Adduction Correct Answers Movement of limb toward the
midline
Adherens Junction Correct Answers Resists separation of cells
during contractile activities
Adipose Tissue Correct Answers found deep in skin, breast,
padding around kidneys
Absorb shock, insulates, stores energy
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) Correct Answers Rare genetic
condition that causes buildup of very long chain fatty acids
(VLCFA's) in the brain. Once accumulated they destroy the
myelin sheaths around nerve cells. Occurs from lack of
peroxisomes.
Affecters of bones growth Correct Answers Estrogen- Induces
apoptosis of osteoclasts
Vit A- Stimulates osteoblast activity
Vit K and B12- Help synthesis bone protein
Vit D- Increases absorption of calcium from foods
,GH and thyroxine- Stimulate bone growth
Amphiarthrosis Correct Answers Allows only a small amount
of movement; connected by collagen fibers or cartilage
Anatomical Position Correct Answers Frame of reference from
which all body parts can be seen
Body is standing upright; feet shoulder width apart, upper limbs
at sides of trunk and head and palms facing forward
-Body is always referred to as if it were in anatomical position,
even if it is not
-Right and left always refers to right and left sides of the body
being described, not our own
- penis is erect in this position
Apocrine Glands Correct Answers Limited distribution, axilla,
pubis, areolae, ducts open into hair follicles, break down and
cause odors
Apoptosis Correct Answers Programmed cell death (Expiration
date)
Appendicular skeleton Correct Answers Consists of bones of
the extremities; Upper and lower limbs, and bones that make
girdles connecting limbs to the axial skeleton
Areolar Tissue Correct Answers found in the dermis, between
muscles, around blood vessels, around nerves, and around joints
- Cushion organs, provides support
,Arthritis Correct Answers Damage to articular cartilage from
external factors
Articular capsule Correct Answers Encloses the synovial cavity;
Outer fibrous cavity, inner synovial membrane
articular cartilage Correct Answers thin layer of hyaline
cartilage covering the bone in the joint space
Articular Cartilages Correct Answers Prevents bones from
touching
Autolysis Correct Answers Cell death when cell stops
functioning properly (unexpected damage)
Axial Skeleton Correct Answers Consists of bones along the
axis; skull, auditory ossicles, hyoid bone, ribs, breastbone, and
backbone
Ball and Socket Correct Answers Multiaxial; Shoulder and hip
joints
Basal Cell Carcinoma Correct Answers Arise in stratum basal,
most common, least dangerous, often on face
Biaxial Correct Answers Movement in two planes
Blood Correct Answers Connective tissue made of plasma,
erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets
, Bone and Calcium Homeostasis Correct Answers Calcium is
the most impt mineral in the body
Vital to:
- nerve/muscle cells
- blood clotting
- enzymes require as a cofactor membranes
- every heart beat
Bone Formation Correct Answers 1. Ossification centers form =
number of osteoblasts increases
2. Osteoid undergoes calcification = deposits calcium salts
3. Periosteum undergoes = still lots of osteoblast activity; bone
thickens and becomes organized; blood vessels form
4. Compact and spongy bone form
Bone remodeling Correct Answers - requires weight baring
exercises
Bone Repair Steps Correct Answers 1. Reactive phase,
hematoma
2. Reparative phase, Fibrocartilaginous callus
3. Reparative phase includes bony callus formation
4. Bone remodeling phase, bony callus is remodeled
Bones Correct Answers 206 in the body
bones growing thicker Correct Answers Appositional Growth
Bursae Correct Answers Sac-like structures filled with synovial
fluid to cushion movement of one body part over another
Solutions
Abduction Correct Answers Movement of limb away from the
midline
Active Transport Correct Answers Need ATP
Moving big stuff or moving against the gradient
Adduction Correct Answers Movement of limb toward the
midline
Adherens Junction Correct Answers Resists separation of cells
during contractile activities
Adipose Tissue Correct Answers found deep in skin, breast,
padding around kidneys
Absorb shock, insulates, stores energy
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) Correct Answers Rare genetic
condition that causes buildup of very long chain fatty acids
(VLCFA's) in the brain. Once accumulated they destroy the
myelin sheaths around nerve cells. Occurs from lack of
peroxisomes.
Affecters of bones growth Correct Answers Estrogen- Induces
apoptosis of osteoclasts
Vit A- Stimulates osteoblast activity
Vit K and B12- Help synthesis bone protein
Vit D- Increases absorption of calcium from foods
,GH and thyroxine- Stimulate bone growth
Amphiarthrosis Correct Answers Allows only a small amount
of movement; connected by collagen fibers or cartilage
Anatomical Position Correct Answers Frame of reference from
which all body parts can be seen
Body is standing upright; feet shoulder width apart, upper limbs
at sides of trunk and head and palms facing forward
-Body is always referred to as if it were in anatomical position,
even if it is not
-Right and left always refers to right and left sides of the body
being described, not our own
- penis is erect in this position
Apocrine Glands Correct Answers Limited distribution, axilla,
pubis, areolae, ducts open into hair follicles, break down and
cause odors
Apoptosis Correct Answers Programmed cell death (Expiration
date)
Appendicular skeleton Correct Answers Consists of bones of
the extremities; Upper and lower limbs, and bones that make
girdles connecting limbs to the axial skeleton
Areolar Tissue Correct Answers found in the dermis, between
muscles, around blood vessels, around nerves, and around joints
- Cushion organs, provides support
,Arthritis Correct Answers Damage to articular cartilage from
external factors
Articular capsule Correct Answers Encloses the synovial cavity;
Outer fibrous cavity, inner synovial membrane
articular cartilage Correct Answers thin layer of hyaline
cartilage covering the bone in the joint space
Articular Cartilages Correct Answers Prevents bones from
touching
Autolysis Correct Answers Cell death when cell stops
functioning properly (unexpected damage)
Axial Skeleton Correct Answers Consists of bones along the
axis; skull, auditory ossicles, hyoid bone, ribs, breastbone, and
backbone
Ball and Socket Correct Answers Multiaxial; Shoulder and hip
joints
Basal Cell Carcinoma Correct Answers Arise in stratum basal,
most common, least dangerous, often on face
Biaxial Correct Answers Movement in two planes
Blood Correct Answers Connective tissue made of plasma,
erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets
, Bone and Calcium Homeostasis Correct Answers Calcium is
the most impt mineral in the body
Vital to:
- nerve/muscle cells
- blood clotting
- enzymes require as a cofactor membranes
- every heart beat
Bone Formation Correct Answers 1. Ossification centers form =
number of osteoblasts increases
2. Osteoid undergoes calcification = deposits calcium salts
3. Periosteum undergoes = still lots of osteoblast activity; bone
thickens and becomes organized; blood vessels form
4. Compact and spongy bone form
Bone remodeling Correct Answers - requires weight baring
exercises
Bone Repair Steps Correct Answers 1. Reactive phase,
hematoma
2. Reparative phase, Fibrocartilaginous callus
3. Reparative phase includes bony callus formation
4. Bone remodeling phase, bony callus is remodeled
Bones Correct Answers 206 in the body
bones growing thicker Correct Answers Appositional Growth
Bursae Correct Answers Sac-like structures filled with synovial
fluid to cushion movement of one body part over another
