PHGY 170 - Module 2 Exam Questions With
Correct Answers
Nucleus |Function |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-to |protect |DNA:
- |regulate |what |molecules |can |access |DNA
- |separate |DNA |from |other |cell |compartments
- |keep |DNA |organized
Nucleus |Components |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |nuclear |envelope
- |nucleolus
- |nucleoplasm |and |nuclear |matrix
- |chromosomes |and |chromatin
Nuclear |Envelope |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |controls |what |molecules |have |access |to |the |
nucleus |and |separates |DNA |from |other |cell |compartments
- |double |membrane |structure |that |encloses |nuclear |material
- |outer |membrane |of |nuclear |envelope |is |connected |to |ER
Nucleus |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |creates |ribosomal |RNAs |and |assembles |then |into |ribosomal
|subunits |used |by |cell |to |translate |proteins
- |site |of |high |amounts |of |rRNA |gene |transcription |and |the |DNA |that |encodes |these |genes |is |
organised |here
Nucleoplasm |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |fluid |enclosed |membrane
- |contains |dissolved |molecules |and |ions |essential |for |function |of |nucleus
, - |maintains |shape |and |structure |of |nucleus |and |serve |as |suspension |substance |for |nuclear |
contents
- |nuclear |matrix |is |a |network |of |filaments |within |nucleoplasm |that |helps |organise |DNA |in |
chromosomes |into |compartments
Chromatin |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |complex |of |DNA |and |proteins |forming |highly |organised |
fibres
- |strands |of |DNA |are |organised |and |stored |in |chromatin |that |make |up |chromosomes |within |
the |nucleus
Nitrogenous |Bases |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |purines |in |DNA: |adenine |and |guanine |(2 |rings)
- |pyrimidines |in |DNA: |cytosine |and |thymine |(1 |ring)
- |pyrimidines |in |RNA: |uracil |instead |of |thymine
Phosphates |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |DNA |"sugar-phosphate |backbone"
- |attached |to |the |5' |carbon |of |one |sugar |and |the |3' |carbon |of |another |by |a |phosphodiester |
bond
How |DNA |Forms |a |Single |Strand |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |the |incoming |nucleotide |will |be |
added |to |the |3' |end |of |the |existing |chain |of |DNA, |the |phosphate |of |the |incoming |nucleotide |
binds |to |the |oxygen |on |the |3' |sugar
- |a |diphosphate |(2 |phosphate |group |together) |is |formed
- |phosphodiester |bond |is |formed |between |new |nucleotide |and |existing |DNA |strand
How |DNA |Forms |a |Double-Stranded |Helix |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |the |nitrogenous |bases |are
|hydrophobic, |so |the |bases |twist |up |tightly |to |avoid |water
Genes |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |small |pieces |of |DNA |that |contain |specific |genetic |material
- |typically |contains |info |to |make |a |protein |(coding |DNA)
Correct Answers
Nucleus |Function |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-to |protect |DNA:
- |regulate |what |molecules |can |access |DNA
- |separate |DNA |from |other |cell |compartments
- |keep |DNA |organized
Nucleus |Components |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |nuclear |envelope
- |nucleolus
- |nucleoplasm |and |nuclear |matrix
- |chromosomes |and |chromatin
Nuclear |Envelope |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |controls |what |molecules |have |access |to |the |
nucleus |and |separates |DNA |from |other |cell |compartments
- |double |membrane |structure |that |encloses |nuclear |material
- |outer |membrane |of |nuclear |envelope |is |connected |to |ER
Nucleus |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |creates |ribosomal |RNAs |and |assembles |then |into |ribosomal
|subunits |used |by |cell |to |translate |proteins
- |site |of |high |amounts |of |rRNA |gene |transcription |and |the |DNA |that |encodes |these |genes |is |
organised |here
Nucleoplasm |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |fluid |enclosed |membrane
- |contains |dissolved |molecules |and |ions |essential |for |function |of |nucleus
, - |maintains |shape |and |structure |of |nucleus |and |serve |as |suspension |substance |for |nuclear |
contents
- |nuclear |matrix |is |a |network |of |filaments |within |nucleoplasm |that |helps |organise |DNA |in |
chromosomes |into |compartments
Chromatin |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |complex |of |DNA |and |proteins |forming |highly |organised |
fibres
- |strands |of |DNA |are |organised |and |stored |in |chromatin |that |make |up |chromosomes |within |
the |nucleus
Nitrogenous |Bases |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |purines |in |DNA: |adenine |and |guanine |(2 |rings)
- |pyrimidines |in |DNA: |cytosine |and |thymine |(1 |ring)
- |pyrimidines |in |RNA: |uracil |instead |of |thymine
Phosphates |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |DNA |"sugar-phosphate |backbone"
- |attached |to |the |5' |carbon |of |one |sugar |and |the |3' |carbon |of |another |by |a |phosphodiester |
bond
How |DNA |Forms |a |Single |Strand |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |the |incoming |nucleotide |will |be |
added |to |the |3' |end |of |the |existing |chain |of |DNA, |the |phosphate |of |the |incoming |nucleotide |
binds |to |the |oxygen |on |the |3' |sugar
- |a |diphosphate |(2 |phosphate |group |together) |is |formed
- |phosphodiester |bond |is |formed |between |new |nucleotide |and |existing |DNA |strand
How |DNA |Forms |a |Double-Stranded |Helix |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |the |nitrogenous |bases |are
|hydrophobic, |so |the |bases |twist |up |tightly |to |avoid |water
Genes |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-- |small |pieces |of |DNA |that |contain |specific |genetic |material
- |typically |contains |info |to |make |a |protein |(coding |DNA)
