NR 328 EXAM 1 PEDIATRIC NURSING PREP
WITH ACTUAL CORRECR QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS
|CURRENTLY TESTING QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS|NEWEST |BRAND NEW
VERSION|JUST RELEASED!!
What is the major goal of pediatric nursing?
To improve the quality of health care for children and their families
An important milestone in the infant's life is the development of object permanence. This
milestone is represented by which of these statements?
a. The infant turns and looks for the mother when she walks out of his view.
b. The infant smiles at the mother when she talks to him.
c. The infant cries when the mother hands him to a babysitter.
d. The infant repeatedly flexes and extends his arms and legs when the mother picks him up.
Answer: A
Rationale: A major accomplishment is achieving the concept of object permanence, or the
realization that objects that leave the visual field still exist. A typical example of the
development of object permanence is when infants are able to pursue objects they observe
being hidden under a pillow or behind a chair. This skill develops at approximately 9 to 10
months of age, which corresponds to the time of increased locomotion skills.
The type of play in which infants engage is called:
a. Onlooker
b. Parallel
1|Page
,c. Associative
d. Cooperative
Answer: A
Rationale: when the child watches others at play but does not engage in it. The child may
engage in forms of social interaction, such as conversation about the play, without actually
joining in the activity. This type of activity is also more common in younger children
What are clinical manifestations of failure to thrive? (Select all that apply)
a. Growth failure
b. Developmental delays
c. Avoidance of eye contact
d. Smiling
e. Fear of strangers
Answers: A, B, C
Rationale: Clinical manifestations of failure to thrive include growth failure, developmental
delays, malnutrition, apathy, withdrawn behavior, feeding or eating disorders, and avoidance
of eye contact. Smiling and fear of strangers are not clinical manifestations of failure to thrive.
What must the nurse teach the parents of the child with cystic fibrosis about the use of
pancreatic enzymes?
a. Extra enzymes must be taken with high-fat foods.
b. Enteric-coated beads may be chewed or crushed.
c. Mix the powder-form enzyme with the entire meal.
d. Fat-soluble forms of vitamins are added with the food.
Answer: A
2|Page
,Rationale: The child with cystic fibrosis is unable to digest the fat content in foods. Therefore,
the child must be encouraged to take extra enzymes when high-fat foods are eaten. Enteric-
coated beads must not be chewed or crushed, because destroying the enteric coating can lead
to inactivation of the enzymes and excoriation of oral mucosa. The beads prevent the
neutralization of enzymes by gastric acids, thus allowing activation to occur in the alkaline
environment of the small bowel. The powder form should be mixed with only a small amount
of food to be taken at the beginning of the meal, because it predigests the food, making it
unpalatable. Enzymes must be taken within 30 minutes of eating. Water-soluble forms of
vitamins are given along with the food and enzymes, because the uptake of fat-soluble forms
of vitamins is decreased.
A nurse is teaching an adolescent about the appropriate use of his asthma medications. Which
of the following medications should the nurse instruct the adolescent to use before he
participates in exercise?
a. Albuterol
b. Prednisone
c. Montelukast
d. Fluticasone/salmeterol
Answer: A
Rationale: Exercise is advantageous for children with asthma, and most children can
participate in activities at school and in sports with minimal difficulty, provided their asthma
is under control. Evaluate participation on an individual basis. Appropriate prophylactic
treatment with short-acting β-adrenergic agents or cromolyn sodium before exercise usually
permits full participation in strenuous exertion.
A child with asthma is undergoing pulmonary function tests. What is the purpose of the peak
expiratory flow rate test?
a. Used to assess the severity of asthma.
3|Page
, b. Used to determine the cause of asthma
c. Used to identify the triggers of asthma
d. Used to confirm the diagnosis of asthma
Answer: A
Rationale: The peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) test is a measure of the maximal amount of
air that can be forcefully exhaled in 1 minute. This can provide an objective measure of
pulmonary function when compared with the child's baseline. The diagnosis of asthma is
made on the basis of clinical manifestations, history, and physical examination, not
pulmonary function tests such as the PEFR. The cause of asthma is inflammation,
bronchospasm, and obstruction, which are not identified by the PEFR. Some of the triggers of
asthma are identified with allergy testing, not with the PEFR.
A 5-year-old is recovering from a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy and is being discharged
home with his mother. Home care instructions should include which of the following?
a. Observe the child for continuous swallowing.
b. Encourage the child to take sips of hot, clear liquids.
c. Administer codeine elixir as necessary for throat pain.
d. Encourage the child to drink cranberry juice with a straw
Answer: A
Rationale: Discharge instructions include (1) avoiding foods that are irritating or highly
seasoned, (2) avoiding the use of gargles or vigorous toothbrushing, (3) discouraging the child
from coughing or clearing the throat or putting objects in the mouth, (4) using analgesics and
opioids for pain, and (5) limiting activity to decrease the potential for bleeding. Hemorrhage
may occur up to 10 days after surgery as a result of tissue sloughing from the healing process.
Any sign of bleeding warrants immediate medical attention. Objectionable mouth odor and
slight ear pain with a low-grade fever are common for a few days postoperatively. However,
4|Page
WITH ACTUAL CORRECR QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED DETAILED ANSWERS
|CURRENTLY TESTING QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS|NEWEST |BRAND NEW
VERSION|JUST RELEASED!!
What is the major goal of pediatric nursing?
To improve the quality of health care for children and their families
An important milestone in the infant's life is the development of object permanence. This
milestone is represented by which of these statements?
a. The infant turns and looks for the mother when she walks out of his view.
b. The infant smiles at the mother when she talks to him.
c. The infant cries when the mother hands him to a babysitter.
d. The infant repeatedly flexes and extends his arms and legs when the mother picks him up.
Answer: A
Rationale: A major accomplishment is achieving the concept of object permanence, or the
realization that objects that leave the visual field still exist. A typical example of the
development of object permanence is when infants are able to pursue objects they observe
being hidden under a pillow or behind a chair. This skill develops at approximately 9 to 10
months of age, which corresponds to the time of increased locomotion skills.
The type of play in which infants engage is called:
a. Onlooker
b. Parallel
1|Page
,c. Associative
d. Cooperative
Answer: A
Rationale: when the child watches others at play but does not engage in it. The child may
engage in forms of social interaction, such as conversation about the play, without actually
joining in the activity. This type of activity is also more common in younger children
What are clinical manifestations of failure to thrive? (Select all that apply)
a. Growth failure
b. Developmental delays
c. Avoidance of eye contact
d. Smiling
e. Fear of strangers
Answers: A, B, C
Rationale: Clinical manifestations of failure to thrive include growth failure, developmental
delays, malnutrition, apathy, withdrawn behavior, feeding or eating disorders, and avoidance
of eye contact. Smiling and fear of strangers are not clinical manifestations of failure to thrive.
What must the nurse teach the parents of the child with cystic fibrosis about the use of
pancreatic enzymes?
a. Extra enzymes must be taken with high-fat foods.
b. Enteric-coated beads may be chewed or crushed.
c. Mix the powder-form enzyme with the entire meal.
d. Fat-soluble forms of vitamins are added with the food.
Answer: A
2|Page
,Rationale: The child with cystic fibrosis is unable to digest the fat content in foods. Therefore,
the child must be encouraged to take extra enzymes when high-fat foods are eaten. Enteric-
coated beads must not be chewed or crushed, because destroying the enteric coating can lead
to inactivation of the enzymes and excoriation of oral mucosa. The beads prevent the
neutralization of enzymes by gastric acids, thus allowing activation to occur in the alkaline
environment of the small bowel. The powder form should be mixed with only a small amount
of food to be taken at the beginning of the meal, because it predigests the food, making it
unpalatable. Enzymes must be taken within 30 minutes of eating. Water-soluble forms of
vitamins are given along with the food and enzymes, because the uptake of fat-soluble forms
of vitamins is decreased.
A nurse is teaching an adolescent about the appropriate use of his asthma medications. Which
of the following medications should the nurse instruct the adolescent to use before he
participates in exercise?
a. Albuterol
b. Prednisone
c. Montelukast
d. Fluticasone/salmeterol
Answer: A
Rationale: Exercise is advantageous for children with asthma, and most children can
participate in activities at school and in sports with minimal difficulty, provided their asthma
is under control. Evaluate participation on an individual basis. Appropriate prophylactic
treatment with short-acting β-adrenergic agents or cromolyn sodium before exercise usually
permits full participation in strenuous exertion.
A child with asthma is undergoing pulmonary function tests. What is the purpose of the peak
expiratory flow rate test?
a. Used to assess the severity of asthma.
3|Page
, b. Used to determine the cause of asthma
c. Used to identify the triggers of asthma
d. Used to confirm the diagnosis of asthma
Answer: A
Rationale: The peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) test is a measure of the maximal amount of
air that can be forcefully exhaled in 1 minute. This can provide an objective measure of
pulmonary function when compared with the child's baseline. The diagnosis of asthma is
made on the basis of clinical manifestations, history, and physical examination, not
pulmonary function tests such as the PEFR. The cause of asthma is inflammation,
bronchospasm, and obstruction, which are not identified by the PEFR. Some of the triggers of
asthma are identified with allergy testing, not with the PEFR.
A 5-year-old is recovering from a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy and is being discharged
home with his mother. Home care instructions should include which of the following?
a. Observe the child for continuous swallowing.
b. Encourage the child to take sips of hot, clear liquids.
c. Administer codeine elixir as necessary for throat pain.
d. Encourage the child to drink cranberry juice with a straw
Answer: A
Rationale: Discharge instructions include (1) avoiding foods that are irritating or highly
seasoned, (2) avoiding the use of gargles or vigorous toothbrushing, (3) discouraging the child
from coughing or clearing the throat or putting objects in the mouth, (4) using analgesics and
opioids for pain, and (5) limiting activity to decrease the potential for bleeding. Hemorrhage
may occur up to 10 days after surgery as a result of tissue sloughing from the healing process.
Any sign of bleeding warrants immediate medical attention. Objectionable mouth odor and
slight ear pain with a low-grade fever are common for a few days postoperatively. However,
4|Page
