LPCC Law & Ethics Exam, 2025-2026 – Comprehensive Review
Material
Psychoanalytic Therapy - correct answer ✔✔ deterministic - by irrational forces, unconscious
motivations, and biological and instinctual drives as these evolve through key psychosexual
stages in the first 6 years of life
Libido - correct answer ✔✔ energy of all the life instincts (oriented towards growth,
development, and creativity) - source of motivation that encompasses sexual energy but goes
beyond it *gaining pleasure and avoiding pain
ID - correct answer ✔✔ original system of personality, birth - all ID, blind, demanding and
insistent, ruled by the pleasure principle
EGO - correct answer ✔✔ Has contact with external world of reality "executive" - governing
controls and regulates personality - mediates between instincts and the surrounding
environment
SUPEREGO - correct answer ✔✔ judicial branch of personality, moral code, main concern being
whether an action is good or bad, right or wrong. represents the ideal rather than the real and
strives not for pleasure but for perfection.
clinical evidence for postulating the unconscious - correct answer ✔✔ 1) dreams - symbolic
representation of unconscious needs, wishes and conflicts
2)slips of the tongue
3)posthypnotic suggestions
4)material derived from free-association
5) material derived fro projective techniques
6)symbolic content of psychotic symptoms.
,Reality anxiety - correct answer ✔✔ the fear of danger from the external world, and the level of
such anxiety is proportionate to the degree of real threat
Repression - correct answer ✔✔ basis of many other ego defenses and of neurotic disorder.
Threatening or painful thoughts and feelings are excluded from awareness.
Denial - correct answer ✔✔ operates at preconscious and conscious levels. way of distorting
what the individual thinks, feels, or perceives in a traumatic situation.
Reaction formation - correct answer ✔✔ actively express the opposite impulse. developing
conscious attitudes and behaviors that are diametrically opposed to disturbing desires, people
do not have to face the anxiety that would result if they were to recognize these dimensions of
themselves.
Projection - correct answer ✔✔ attributing to others one's own unacceptable desires and
impulses.
displacement - correct answer ✔✔ discharge impulses by shifting from a threatening object to a
"safer target"
Rationalization - correct answer ✔✔ manufacture "good" reasons to explain away a bruised ego
sublimation - correct answer ✔✔ "freudian" involves diverting sexual or aggressive energy into
other channels, ones that are usually socially acceptable and sometimes even admirable
Regression - correct answer ✔✔ going back to an earlier phase of development when there
were fewer demands.
,Introjection - correct answer ✔✔ consists of taking in and "swallowing" the values and
standards of others. "identifying with the aggressor, etc.."
Identification - correct answer ✔✔ process by which children learn gender-role behaviors, can
also be a defensive reaction. enhance self worth and protect one from a sense of being a failure.
Compensation - correct answer ✔✔ consists of masking perceived weaknesses or developing
certain positive traits to make up for limitations.
Erikson's psychosocial perspective - correct answer ✔✔ psychosexual and psychosocial growth
takes place together and that at each stage of life we face the task of establishing equilibrium
between ourselves and our social world. Encompasses entire life span, divided by specific crises
to be resolved.
Freudian goal of therapy - correct answer ✔✔ make the unconscious conscious and to
strengthen the ego so that behavior is based more on reality and less on instinctual cravings or
irrational guilt.
psychoanalytic therapist - correct answer ✔✔ "blank screen" - very little self disclosure,
neutrality to foster a transference relationship in which their clients will make projections onto
them.
grist for the mill - correct answer ✔✔ psychoanalytic in which projections have their origins in
unfinished and repressed situations. "the very essence of therapeutic work".
Free association - correct answer ✔✔ plays a central role in the process of maintaining the
analytic framework. Clients are encouraged to say whatever comes to mind, regardless of how
painful, silly, trivial, illogical, or irrelevant it may be.
, Interpretation - correct answer ✔✔ consists of the analyst's pointing out, explaining and even
teaching the client the meanings of behavior that is manifested in dreams, free association,
resistances, and the therapeutic relationship itself.
Dream analysis - correct answer ✔✔ uncovering unconscious material and giving the client
insight into some areas of unresolved problems. Freud sees dreams as the "royal road to the
unconscious", in them one's unconscious wishes, needs, and fears are expressed. Dreams have
2 levels of content; latent content and manifest content
Latent content - correct answer ✔✔ hidden, symbolic, and unconscious motives, wishes, and
fears.
Manifest content - correct answer ✔✔ the unconscious sexual and aggressive impulses that
make up latent content, and are so painful and threatening, are transformed into acceptable,
which is the dream as it appears to the dreamer. Also called dream work.
Resistance - correct answer ✔✔ anything that works against the progress of therapy and
prevents the client from producing previously unconscious material.
Carl Jung - correct answer ✔✔ analytical psychology, explanation of human nature that
combines ideas from history, mythology, anthropology, and religion. Emphasis on being
impelled to find meaning in life in contrast to being driven by the psychological and biological
forces.
Collective unconscious - correct answer ✔✔ the deepest level of the psyche containing the
accumulation of inherited experiences of human and prehuman species, Jung
archetypes - correct answer ✔✔ collective unconscious, persona, the anima and animus, and
the shadow.
persona - correct answer ✔✔ mask or public face that we wear to protect ourselves
Material
Psychoanalytic Therapy - correct answer ✔✔ deterministic - by irrational forces, unconscious
motivations, and biological and instinctual drives as these evolve through key psychosexual
stages in the first 6 years of life
Libido - correct answer ✔✔ energy of all the life instincts (oriented towards growth,
development, and creativity) - source of motivation that encompasses sexual energy but goes
beyond it *gaining pleasure and avoiding pain
ID - correct answer ✔✔ original system of personality, birth - all ID, blind, demanding and
insistent, ruled by the pleasure principle
EGO - correct answer ✔✔ Has contact with external world of reality "executive" - governing
controls and regulates personality - mediates between instincts and the surrounding
environment
SUPEREGO - correct answer ✔✔ judicial branch of personality, moral code, main concern being
whether an action is good or bad, right or wrong. represents the ideal rather than the real and
strives not for pleasure but for perfection.
clinical evidence for postulating the unconscious - correct answer ✔✔ 1) dreams - symbolic
representation of unconscious needs, wishes and conflicts
2)slips of the tongue
3)posthypnotic suggestions
4)material derived from free-association
5) material derived fro projective techniques
6)symbolic content of psychotic symptoms.
,Reality anxiety - correct answer ✔✔ the fear of danger from the external world, and the level of
such anxiety is proportionate to the degree of real threat
Repression - correct answer ✔✔ basis of many other ego defenses and of neurotic disorder.
Threatening or painful thoughts and feelings are excluded from awareness.
Denial - correct answer ✔✔ operates at preconscious and conscious levels. way of distorting
what the individual thinks, feels, or perceives in a traumatic situation.
Reaction formation - correct answer ✔✔ actively express the opposite impulse. developing
conscious attitudes and behaviors that are diametrically opposed to disturbing desires, people
do not have to face the anxiety that would result if they were to recognize these dimensions of
themselves.
Projection - correct answer ✔✔ attributing to others one's own unacceptable desires and
impulses.
displacement - correct answer ✔✔ discharge impulses by shifting from a threatening object to a
"safer target"
Rationalization - correct answer ✔✔ manufacture "good" reasons to explain away a bruised ego
sublimation - correct answer ✔✔ "freudian" involves diverting sexual or aggressive energy into
other channels, ones that are usually socially acceptable and sometimes even admirable
Regression - correct answer ✔✔ going back to an earlier phase of development when there
were fewer demands.
,Introjection - correct answer ✔✔ consists of taking in and "swallowing" the values and
standards of others. "identifying with the aggressor, etc.."
Identification - correct answer ✔✔ process by which children learn gender-role behaviors, can
also be a defensive reaction. enhance self worth and protect one from a sense of being a failure.
Compensation - correct answer ✔✔ consists of masking perceived weaknesses or developing
certain positive traits to make up for limitations.
Erikson's psychosocial perspective - correct answer ✔✔ psychosexual and psychosocial growth
takes place together and that at each stage of life we face the task of establishing equilibrium
between ourselves and our social world. Encompasses entire life span, divided by specific crises
to be resolved.
Freudian goal of therapy - correct answer ✔✔ make the unconscious conscious and to
strengthen the ego so that behavior is based more on reality and less on instinctual cravings or
irrational guilt.
psychoanalytic therapist - correct answer ✔✔ "blank screen" - very little self disclosure,
neutrality to foster a transference relationship in which their clients will make projections onto
them.
grist for the mill - correct answer ✔✔ psychoanalytic in which projections have their origins in
unfinished and repressed situations. "the very essence of therapeutic work".
Free association - correct answer ✔✔ plays a central role in the process of maintaining the
analytic framework. Clients are encouraged to say whatever comes to mind, regardless of how
painful, silly, trivial, illogical, or irrelevant it may be.
, Interpretation - correct answer ✔✔ consists of the analyst's pointing out, explaining and even
teaching the client the meanings of behavior that is manifested in dreams, free association,
resistances, and the therapeutic relationship itself.
Dream analysis - correct answer ✔✔ uncovering unconscious material and giving the client
insight into some areas of unresolved problems. Freud sees dreams as the "royal road to the
unconscious", in them one's unconscious wishes, needs, and fears are expressed. Dreams have
2 levels of content; latent content and manifest content
Latent content - correct answer ✔✔ hidden, symbolic, and unconscious motives, wishes, and
fears.
Manifest content - correct answer ✔✔ the unconscious sexual and aggressive impulses that
make up latent content, and are so painful and threatening, are transformed into acceptable,
which is the dream as it appears to the dreamer. Also called dream work.
Resistance - correct answer ✔✔ anything that works against the progress of therapy and
prevents the client from producing previously unconscious material.
Carl Jung - correct answer ✔✔ analytical psychology, explanation of human nature that
combines ideas from history, mythology, anthropology, and religion. Emphasis on being
impelled to find meaning in life in contrast to being driven by the psychological and biological
forces.
Collective unconscious - correct answer ✔✔ the deepest level of the psyche containing the
accumulation of inherited experiences of human and prehuman species, Jung
archetypes - correct answer ✔✔ collective unconscious, persona, the anima and animus, and
the shadow.
persona - correct answer ✔✔ mask or public face that we wear to protect ourselves
