Counseling Psychology, Exam 1, 2026 – Study and
Review Material
Counseling is - correct answer ✔✔ an activity done by a range of professionals
Counseling Psychology is - correct answer ✔✔ that field within psychology which includes the
activity of counseling
Counseling Psychology, part of the American Psychological Association
involves a focus on ____
intervene in ___
interventions may be ___
base
- - correct answer ✔✔ involves a focus on the development of individuals through the life span
intervene in emotions, behaviors, cognitions
interventions may be preventive, skill enhancing, or remedial; short term or long term
Base our core knowledge on general psychology
--Specializations available
UNIFYING themes of counseling psychology!! - correct answer ✔✔ -focus on intact personalities
-emphasis on person-environment interactions
-emphasis on educational and career development
-relatively brief interactions
-focus on people's strengths, assets, and positive mental health
,Person-Environment Interactions considers - correct answer ✔✔ considers the role of
environment in people's lives
Person-Environment Interactions
-when things go wrong - correct answer ✔✔ When things go wrong or when we don't succeed
it might not be our fault
-I don't do well in school - is it because I am less intelligent or because teachers don't expect
much of me because of my ethnic background?
-Am I doing poorly at work because of sexual harassment?
-Am I failing math because I have internalized stereotypes that "girls cant do math?
Person-Environment Interactions not meant to - correct answer ✔✔ this is NOT meant to
excuse personal responsibility but to acknowledge the effect the environment can have
Educational and Career Development - correct answer ✔✔ for some, this is the heart of
counseling psychology and one of its foundations
Training in career counseling and vocational psychology is part of graduate course work in
counseling psychology.
The reality is that problems in educational and career development are as much "personal
problems" as are relationship problems or anything else.
Brief Interventions - correct answer ✔✔ 3-12 sessions is considered brief
Long term therapy can be anywhere from 3 months to several years
Focus on Strengths - correct answer ✔✔ emphasis on hygiology (health) rather than
psychopathalogy (sickness) regardless of degree of disturbance
Emphasis on optimism, assets, positive mental health, coping mechanisms, and belief in positive
change.
focus on strengths, even with disturbed people
, three central roles (what we do) - correct answer ✔✔ remedial (solving an issue)
preventative (prevent)
educative-developmental (educate)
most activities involve all three
Remedial Role - correct answer ✔✔ helping individuals, families, or groups remedy (fix)
problems
-individual: depression, weight issues, test anxiety, can't choose major
-families (or couples): communication issues, divorces, blended families, career conflict
-groups: addictions, eating disorders, abuse survivors
Preventive: Psycho-educational - correct answer ✔✔ to intervene in ways that can help prevent
problems before they occur (primary prevention)
-rape prevention groups for women, alcohol and drug abuse awareness and prevention, suicide
prevention
organizational
-Diversity training and sexual harassment awareness, as well as drug and alcohol awareness
Prevention - correct answer ✔✔ also involved "building ppl up"
-greater degrees of self esteem
-increase ability to buffer stress and problems that face them as they grow- "healthy
personality"
Educative-Developmental - correct answer ✔✔ helping people learn new "life skills"
-Social skills, study skills, assertiveness skills, career education
-These are skills that people may learn anyway
Review Material
Counseling is - correct answer ✔✔ an activity done by a range of professionals
Counseling Psychology is - correct answer ✔✔ that field within psychology which includes the
activity of counseling
Counseling Psychology, part of the American Psychological Association
involves a focus on ____
intervene in ___
interventions may be ___
base
- - correct answer ✔✔ involves a focus on the development of individuals through the life span
intervene in emotions, behaviors, cognitions
interventions may be preventive, skill enhancing, or remedial; short term or long term
Base our core knowledge on general psychology
--Specializations available
UNIFYING themes of counseling psychology!! - correct answer ✔✔ -focus on intact personalities
-emphasis on person-environment interactions
-emphasis on educational and career development
-relatively brief interactions
-focus on people's strengths, assets, and positive mental health
,Person-Environment Interactions considers - correct answer ✔✔ considers the role of
environment in people's lives
Person-Environment Interactions
-when things go wrong - correct answer ✔✔ When things go wrong or when we don't succeed
it might not be our fault
-I don't do well in school - is it because I am less intelligent or because teachers don't expect
much of me because of my ethnic background?
-Am I doing poorly at work because of sexual harassment?
-Am I failing math because I have internalized stereotypes that "girls cant do math?
Person-Environment Interactions not meant to - correct answer ✔✔ this is NOT meant to
excuse personal responsibility but to acknowledge the effect the environment can have
Educational and Career Development - correct answer ✔✔ for some, this is the heart of
counseling psychology and one of its foundations
Training in career counseling and vocational psychology is part of graduate course work in
counseling psychology.
The reality is that problems in educational and career development are as much "personal
problems" as are relationship problems or anything else.
Brief Interventions - correct answer ✔✔ 3-12 sessions is considered brief
Long term therapy can be anywhere from 3 months to several years
Focus on Strengths - correct answer ✔✔ emphasis on hygiology (health) rather than
psychopathalogy (sickness) regardless of degree of disturbance
Emphasis on optimism, assets, positive mental health, coping mechanisms, and belief in positive
change.
focus on strengths, even with disturbed people
, three central roles (what we do) - correct answer ✔✔ remedial (solving an issue)
preventative (prevent)
educative-developmental (educate)
most activities involve all three
Remedial Role - correct answer ✔✔ helping individuals, families, or groups remedy (fix)
problems
-individual: depression, weight issues, test anxiety, can't choose major
-families (or couples): communication issues, divorces, blended families, career conflict
-groups: addictions, eating disorders, abuse survivors
Preventive: Psycho-educational - correct answer ✔✔ to intervene in ways that can help prevent
problems before they occur (primary prevention)
-rape prevention groups for women, alcohol and drug abuse awareness and prevention, suicide
prevention
organizational
-Diversity training and sexual harassment awareness, as well as drug and alcohol awareness
Prevention - correct answer ✔✔ also involved "building ppl up"
-greater degrees of self esteem
-increase ability to buffer stress and problems that face them as they grow- "healthy
personality"
Educative-Developmental - correct answer ✔✔ helping people learn new "life skills"
-Social skills, study skills, assertiveness skills, career education
-These are skills that people may learn anyway
