LPC Exam, 2026 – Comprehensive Study and Review
Material
Freud's Ego - correct answer ✔✔ reality principle; logic; control; executive function; balance or
go-between seesaw
Freud's Superego - correct answer ✔✔ ego ideal; the moral component of personality that
incorporates social standards about what represents right and wrong; the ideal
Lazarus - correct answer ✔✔ Behaviorist; Multimodal therapy; Basic ID (Think Lazarus didn't
have to wear an ID--he wore a shroud);
Behavior; Affective responses; Sensations; Imagery; Cognitions; Interpersonal relationships;
Drugs
Perry - correct answer ✔✔ dualistic thinking by teens; black and white; later relativism
Keagan - correct answer ✔✔ construct reality thru life span; think KELLOG cereal you eat all
your life and in childhood you aren't sure what's real or fantasy
idiographic approach - correct answer ✔✔ intensive studies of individuals
Nomothetic approach - correct answer ✔✔ examines personality in large groups of people, with
the aim of making generalizations about personality structure; think NORMS
John B. Watson - correct answer ✔✔ father of American behaviorism
Milton Erickson - correct answer ✔✔ hypnosis & work with Haley
,Erik Erikson - correct answer ✔✔ 8 Epigenetic, psychosocial stages; identity crisis
Lorenz - correct answer ✔✔ critical period and imprinting (mother/goslings)
Seligman - correct answer ✔✔ learned helplessness (think, a MAN's LEG hurt)
Kohlberg - correct answer ✔✔ moral development; 3 levels each with 2 stages
Preconventional (reward/punish); Conventional (social); Postconventional (self-accepted
principles)
Heinz Dilemma - correct answer ✔✔ Kohlberg: moral choices--scenarios: Man needs drug to
save wife's life. Drug is too expensive so man steals it. (Think-- Heinz ketchup is drug)
Identity crisis - correct answer ✔✔ Erikson
Harry Stack Sullivan - correct answer ✔✔ Psychiatry of Interpersonal Relations- a stage theory
for childhood development. parents to child Good Me; Bad Me (think a STACK of Uno cards of
STAGES)
John Bowlby - correct answer ✔✔ bonding and attachment; object loss (protest; despair;
detachment); think a BOW curves around an arrow
Harry Harlow - correct answer ✔✔ Studied attachment in monkeys with artificial mothers
Coopersmith - correct answer ✔✔ conducted an experiment on parenting styles and self-
esteem to find that authoritative parents produce children with the highest self-esteem and
indulgent parents produce children with the lowest self-esteem. CLEAR rules important; Think
Dr. COOPER helped us to see CLEARLY
,Eleanor Gibson - correct answer ✔✔ The "visual cliff" experiment. Showed that depth
perception cues are innate. Think: ELEANOR started down a slippery slope.
John Locke - correct answer ✔✔ Empiricism; people learn from experiences; Think--John LOCKE
learned which KEY worked
Object permanence & stranger anxiety - correct answer ✔✔ 8 months age approx.
Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete operational, Formal operational - correct answer ✔✔
birth to 2 years; 2 to 7 years; 7 to 12 years; 12 years plus
Havinghurst - correct answer ✔✔ Developmental tasks for each dev. stage; Think: TASKS you
HAVE to do.
Loevinger - correct answer ✔✔ stretched Piaget's model of development into stages of
adulthood. Believed Ego adapts to demands and is an important basis for critical thinking.
Highest level is integrated (think LOVE Freud because of his ego)
Positive Reinforcement - correct answer ✔✔ Add something AFTER to increase behavior
Negative Reinforcement - correct answer ✔✔ Remove something AFTER to increase behavior
C. G. Jung - correct answer ✔✔ analytic psychology; aniMA (feminine); aniMUS (masculine)
parts of personality; archetypes; collective consciousness; Mandala; self-unification
Parsons - correct answer ✔✔ FATHER of guidance counseling; secondary age
, Levinson - correct answer ✔✔ stages of men's life; midlife crisis (Think: Oh no, It's too late--the
LEAVEN has already made the bread rise)
Nosology - correct answer ✔✔ classification of disease
Wolpe - correct answer ✔✔ systemic desensitization (think: need to desensitize from the
fear/phobia of a WOLF)
Berne - correct answer ✔✔ transactional analysis, each person has 3 ego states, parent, adult,
child (think: PARENTS tell children not to BURN themselves)
Macroculture - correct answer ✔✔ Dominant culture
Durkheim - correct answer ✔✔ founder of modern sociology; researched suicide (think: you
need a DIRK to commit suicide)
William McDougall - correct answer ✔✔ Social Psychology, 'hormic psychology' (individual and
group behavior is result of inherited tendencies to seek goals); Said selective breeding would
improve gene pool; scientific racism; Think: Scottish kilts--breeding
Zimbardo - correct answer ✔✔ Stanford Prison Experiment (think: ZIPPER in prison--watch out)
Leon Festinger - correct answer ✔✔ Cognitive dissonance (Think: it FESTERS in the head)
BOGardUS - correct answer ✔✔ Social distance scale to measure how individual felt toward
other ethic groups (think: a finger pointing at some other group far away-that's BOGUS)
third-culture kid - correct answer ✔✔ children raised in a culture that is different from parents'
culture
Material
Freud's Ego - correct answer ✔✔ reality principle; logic; control; executive function; balance or
go-between seesaw
Freud's Superego - correct answer ✔✔ ego ideal; the moral component of personality that
incorporates social standards about what represents right and wrong; the ideal
Lazarus - correct answer ✔✔ Behaviorist; Multimodal therapy; Basic ID (Think Lazarus didn't
have to wear an ID--he wore a shroud);
Behavior; Affective responses; Sensations; Imagery; Cognitions; Interpersonal relationships;
Drugs
Perry - correct answer ✔✔ dualistic thinking by teens; black and white; later relativism
Keagan - correct answer ✔✔ construct reality thru life span; think KELLOG cereal you eat all
your life and in childhood you aren't sure what's real or fantasy
idiographic approach - correct answer ✔✔ intensive studies of individuals
Nomothetic approach - correct answer ✔✔ examines personality in large groups of people, with
the aim of making generalizations about personality structure; think NORMS
John B. Watson - correct answer ✔✔ father of American behaviorism
Milton Erickson - correct answer ✔✔ hypnosis & work with Haley
,Erik Erikson - correct answer ✔✔ 8 Epigenetic, psychosocial stages; identity crisis
Lorenz - correct answer ✔✔ critical period and imprinting (mother/goslings)
Seligman - correct answer ✔✔ learned helplessness (think, a MAN's LEG hurt)
Kohlberg - correct answer ✔✔ moral development; 3 levels each with 2 stages
Preconventional (reward/punish); Conventional (social); Postconventional (self-accepted
principles)
Heinz Dilemma - correct answer ✔✔ Kohlberg: moral choices--scenarios: Man needs drug to
save wife's life. Drug is too expensive so man steals it. (Think-- Heinz ketchup is drug)
Identity crisis - correct answer ✔✔ Erikson
Harry Stack Sullivan - correct answer ✔✔ Psychiatry of Interpersonal Relations- a stage theory
for childhood development. parents to child Good Me; Bad Me (think a STACK of Uno cards of
STAGES)
John Bowlby - correct answer ✔✔ bonding and attachment; object loss (protest; despair;
detachment); think a BOW curves around an arrow
Harry Harlow - correct answer ✔✔ Studied attachment in monkeys with artificial mothers
Coopersmith - correct answer ✔✔ conducted an experiment on parenting styles and self-
esteem to find that authoritative parents produce children with the highest self-esteem and
indulgent parents produce children with the lowest self-esteem. CLEAR rules important; Think
Dr. COOPER helped us to see CLEARLY
,Eleanor Gibson - correct answer ✔✔ The "visual cliff" experiment. Showed that depth
perception cues are innate. Think: ELEANOR started down a slippery slope.
John Locke - correct answer ✔✔ Empiricism; people learn from experiences; Think--John LOCKE
learned which KEY worked
Object permanence & stranger anxiety - correct answer ✔✔ 8 months age approx.
Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete operational, Formal operational - correct answer ✔✔
birth to 2 years; 2 to 7 years; 7 to 12 years; 12 years plus
Havinghurst - correct answer ✔✔ Developmental tasks for each dev. stage; Think: TASKS you
HAVE to do.
Loevinger - correct answer ✔✔ stretched Piaget's model of development into stages of
adulthood. Believed Ego adapts to demands and is an important basis for critical thinking.
Highest level is integrated (think LOVE Freud because of his ego)
Positive Reinforcement - correct answer ✔✔ Add something AFTER to increase behavior
Negative Reinforcement - correct answer ✔✔ Remove something AFTER to increase behavior
C. G. Jung - correct answer ✔✔ analytic psychology; aniMA (feminine); aniMUS (masculine)
parts of personality; archetypes; collective consciousness; Mandala; self-unification
Parsons - correct answer ✔✔ FATHER of guidance counseling; secondary age
, Levinson - correct answer ✔✔ stages of men's life; midlife crisis (Think: Oh no, It's too late--the
LEAVEN has already made the bread rise)
Nosology - correct answer ✔✔ classification of disease
Wolpe - correct answer ✔✔ systemic desensitization (think: need to desensitize from the
fear/phobia of a WOLF)
Berne - correct answer ✔✔ transactional analysis, each person has 3 ego states, parent, adult,
child (think: PARENTS tell children not to BURN themselves)
Macroculture - correct answer ✔✔ Dominant culture
Durkheim - correct answer ✔✔ founder of modern sociology; researched suicide (think: you
need a DIRK to commit suicide)
William McDougall - correct answer ✔✔ Social Psychology, 'hormic psychology' (individual and
group behavior is result of inherited tendencies to seek goals); Said selective breeding would
improve gene pool; scientific racism; Think: Scottish kilts--breeding
Zimbardo - correct answer ✔✔ Stanford Prison Experiment (think: ZIPPER in prison--watch out)
Leon Festinger - correct answer ✔✔ Cognitive dissonance (Think: it FESTERS in the head)
BOGardUS - correct answer ✔✔ Social distance scale to measure how individual felt toward
other ethic groups (think: a finger pointing at some other group far away-that's BOGUS)
third-culture kid - correct answer ✔✔ children raised in a culture that is different from parents'
culture
